高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸含量及药动学研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸的含量，研究大黄酸在正常人体内的药物动力学。方法：色谱柱为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８５μ，２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ；流动相为甲醇－水－冰乙酸（８０∶２０∶０．５，ｐＨ３．７），紫外λ／ｎｍ２５４ｎｍ检测。用３Ｐ８７程序计算６名健康志愿者口服１００ｍｇ大黄酸后的药动学参数。结果：血药浓度在０．１～１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好，其相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９４，最小检测浓度３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。回收率＞９１．８％；日内、日间相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别＜８．４％、１０．３％（ｎ＝５）。主要药动学参数为ｔ１／２＝４．０８±０．５３ｈ，ｔｍａｘ＝２．２４±０．６３ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１１．８５±５．０３μｇ／ｍｌ，ＡＵＣ０→∞＝９３．４±４３．５μｇ／（ｈ·ｍｌ）。结论：该方法简单、灵敏，并为大黄酸的进一步研究开发创造了条件     

反相离子对高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿昔洛韦浓度及药代动力学

建立了用反相离子对高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿昔洛韦浓度的方法。色谱柱采用ＡｌｌｔｅｃｈＣ＿１８分析柱，以０．０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ氯化钠－甲醇－ＩＰＲ－Ｂ７离子对色谱试剂混合液（１００：１５：０．６；ｖ／ｖ）为流动相。检测波长为２５４ｎｍ，肾上腺素为内标。血浆样品经高氯酸沉淀蛋白后直接进样测定。阿昔洛韦浓度在４０～１６００ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性良好，ｒ＝０．９９９２．测定含阿苷洛韦１６０ｎｇ／ｍｌ的血浆样品，其日内（ｎ＝７）及日间的ＲＳＤ分别为４．７％和３．０％。平均回收率为９８．２±５．３％。测定了１０名健康志愿者单次口服阿昔洛韦片剂４００ｍｇ后不同时间的血药浓度并计算了有关的药代动力学参数。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定丁卡因和利多卡因含量

目的 采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定丁卡因和利多卡因的含量。方法 ＯＤＳ色谱柱、检测波长２６３ｎｍ，以乙腈－０．１％硫酸三乙胺中液（６０：４０）为流动相，流速０．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ。结果 丁卡因在０．１￣０．５ｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内呈线性关系，平均回收率１０１．８％，ＲＳＤ为０．７％（ｎ＝４）；利多卡因在０．１５￣０．７５ｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内呈线性关系，平均回收率９９．５３％，ＲＳＤ为０．９％（ｎ＝４）。结论     

HPLC测定人血浆中罗痛定浓度及药代动力学研究

建立了测定人血浆中罗痛定药物浓度的高效液相色谱法。采用ＹＷＧＣ１８色谱柱（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ），以甲醇－水－三乙胺（７０∶３０∶０．３，ｖ／ｖ／ｖ，ｐＨ６．３）为流动相，维拉帕米为内标，用紫外检测器在２８１ｎｍ处检测。血浆样品用正己烷－正丁醇混合液（１２∶１）在碱性条件下提取。血药浓度在２．５～１０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈线性关系，ｒ＝０．９９９１，最小检测浓度１．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。日内、日间ＲＳＤ分别＜６．９％，＜８．７％。方法回收率＞９２．１％。应用该法研究了五名健康志愿者口服罗痛定片后的药代动力学。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中氨溴素及药物动力学研究

建立了高效液相色谱法测定正常人口服盐酸氨溴素缓释胶囊后的血药浓度。血样经碱化后乙醚提取，盐酸反提后进样，以甲醇－０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸盐缓冲液（ｐＨ７．３）－四氢呋喃（７０∶２７．５∶２．５，ｖ／ｖ）为流动相，利多卡因作为内标，在２４８ｎｍ处定量检测。本法线性范围宽（１０．０～２００．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，ｒ＝０．９９９４），回收率稳定（８７．２％±２．８％），精确度高（日内ＲＳＤ＜４．１％，日间ＲＳＤ＜８．１％）。测定了健康受试者口服盐酸氨溴素缓释胶囊的血药浓度，计算了相关的药物动力学参数     

正相高效液相色谱法测定小鼠肝与血中伯氨喹和肝靶向药NGA－PQ的浓度

建立了以紫外２５４ｎｍ波长检测的正相高效液相色谱法测定小鼠肝和血中伯氨喹（ＰＱ）和肝靶向ＰＱ（ＮＱＡ－ＰＱ）的浓度。填料为ＳｉＯ＿２，流动相为氯仿：甲醇：氨液（８６．８：１２．５：０．７，Ｖ／Ｖ／Ｖ），内标用６－甲氧基－８－（４－氨基丁酰胺基）－喹啉，方法回收率为１００．０９±３．４６，日内变异系数２．７％～６．１３％（ｎ＝５），日间变异系数为８．３０％～１３．５６％（ｎ＝９），磷酸伯氨喹和ＮＧＡ－ＰＱ以ＰＱ碱基计，最低检测浓度分别为２ｎｇ／ｍｌ和５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ全血或ｌｇ肝匀浆。内源性物质不干扰色谱测定。     

青霉素酶标记抗睾丸酮酶联免疫吸附分析法的研究

作者采用青霉素酶作标记酶，硝酸纤维素膜作免疫吸附载体，青霉素Ｖ－淀粉－碘试剂作底物，建立了一种测定睾九酮的酶联免疫吸附分析法。该法最低检出量为０．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ（２５ｐｇ／孔），其睾丸酮含量在１０￣（－２）～１０￣（－７）ｍｇ／ｍｌ范围内与吸光度值呈线性关系（ｒ＝０．９９６９），日内、日间变异系数（ＣＶ）分别小于３．３％（ｎ＝８）、５．９％（ｎ＝８），与放射免疫分析法检测之间有良好的相关性（ｒ＝０．９３７）     

气相色谱法测定人血浆中阿替洛尔含量

建立了人血浆中阿替洛尔气相色谱测定方法。提取样品经三氟乙酰化，电子捕获检测器检测，最低检测浓度可达５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。方法回收率大于９３％，日内、日间ＲＳＤ分别为２．５％和４．５％，血药浓度在５０￣２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ呈线性关系，ｒ＝０．９９８３６，ｎ＝７。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中尼卡地平及药代动力学参数

建立了反相高效液相色谱法检测正常人口服尼卡地平片剂后的血药浓度。样品经硼酸缓冲液（ｐＨ９０）碱化后，用正己烷正丁醇混合溶剂（１２∶１，Ｖ／Ｖ）提取，以Ｃ１８化学键合硅胶为固定相，乙腈ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液（００１５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ＝５５）三乙胺为流动相，尼莫地平为内标，在２３６ｎｍ波长定量检测。血药浓度在５～２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性良好，最低检测浓度为２５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。日内（ｎ＝７）及日间（ｎ＝５）测定相对标准偏差分别小于５４％和６４％，血样测定回收率为９２８％１００８％。用本法监测了１０名健康人口服盐酸尼卡地平片剂后不同时间的血药浓度变化，测得血浆中尼卡地平浓度在１６±０３ｈ达到峰值１０９８±３８７ｎｇ／ｍｌ，Ｔ１／２＝５３５±２２８ｈ，血药浓度曲线下面积为３２２１±６９６ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ。     

紫外分光光度法测定诺氟沙星胶囊的含量和溶出度

用紫外分光光度法测定诺氟沙星胶囊的含量和溶出度，测定波长为２２７ｎｍ，在１．６￣５．６ｕｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内呈线性相关（ｒ＝０．９９９８），回归方程Ａ＝０．１２４７５Ｃ－０．００６６，平均回收率为１００．５％，（ＲＳＤ＝０．８％，ｎ＝５）。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.