锌和维生素E对肝辐射损伤治疗保护作用的实验研究

观察小鼠肝辐射损伤后锌 (Zn)和维生素E(VE)对肝匀浆中脂质过氧化物 (LPO)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)活力的影响。采用60 Coγ射线一次性全身照射 (7 5Gy)小鼠 0 5h后给予Zn和VE 进行不同时间的保护性治疗 ,测定肝组织匀浆中LPO含量和GSH Px活力。结果发现 ,60 Co照射小鼠后 ,其肝组织匀浆中LPO值显著升高(P <0 .0 1) ,GSH Px活力明显下降 (P <0 .0 1)。单纯Zn治疗组 ,其LPO值无明显下降 ,而GSH Px活力明显升高 (P<0 .0 1)。单纯VE 组 ,LPO值明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,GSH Px活力显著增加 (P <0 .0 1)。Zn +VE 联合治疗组与单纯VE组比较 ,在治疗后第 15d ,GSH Px活力显著增加 (P <0 .0 1)。提示在肝辐射损伤中 ,补充VE 对降低LPO含量、增加GSH Px活力均有重要作用。Zn +VE 联合治疗在提高GSH Px活力、阻止肝细胞脂质过氧化、保护肝细胞膜完整方面有协同作用     

亚慢性吸入甲醛对小鼠抗氧化物酶的影响

目的 :通过观察甲醛 (formaldehyde ,FA)对小鼠抗氧化物酶活力的影响 ,探讨其毒性作用机制 .方法 :采用小鼠静式吸入染毒方法 ,观察小鼠全血、心、肝、肺和脑组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (glutathioneperoxidase ,GSH Px)和超氧化物歧化酶 (superoxidedismutase,SOD)活力的变化 .结果 :小鼠全血、肝和肺组织中所有染毒剂量组SOD活力显著低于对照组(P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ;全血、肝和肺组织中 ,高剂量染毒组GSH Px活力与对照组相比较明显降低 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1 ) .结论 :FA可抑制小鼠全血、肝和肺组织中SOD和GSH Px活力 ,从而使小鼠抗氧化能力降低     

下肢静脉曲张与氧自由基关系的研究

目的 :研究氧自由基与下肢静脉曲张皮肤溃疡的关系。方法 :测定 2 5例有皮肤溃疡的下肢静脉曲张患者其内踝处大隐静脉分支静脉血浆和红细胞丙二醛 ( MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 ( GSH- Px)、超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD) ,并与 1 0例下肢皮肤正常的先天性马蹄足患者进行比较。应用 SAS8.1对实验结果进行单因素方差分析 ,两两比较用 q检验。结果 :大隐静脉内踝后下分支血浆 MDA和红细胞 MDA的含量不仅高于外周血 ,而且明显高于对照组 ( P<0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1 )。其全血 GSH- Px和 SOD活力不仅低于外周血 ,而且明显低于对照组 ( P<0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1 )。但二者外周血各项指标比较均无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :下肢静脉曲张皮肤溃疡的形成和难以愈合与氧自由基的产生增加和清除不足有关。     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸的辐射防护作用

目的 :探讨 N-乙酰左旋半胱氨酸 (NAC)的辐射防护作用。方法 :预先给予 NAC,观察受致死剂量 X线照射小鼠 30日生存率 ;检测受不同剂量 X线照射小鼠肝脏组织中丙二醛 (MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH- Px)含量。结果 :预先给予 NAC可明显提高受致死剂量 X线照射小鼠 30日生存率 ,延长其存活天数。保护指数可达 1 .83;降低受不同剂量 X线照射小鼠肝脏组织中 MDA含量 (P<0 .0 5or0 .0 1 ) ,升高肝脏组织中 SOD、GSH- Px活性 (P<0 .0 5or0 .0 1 )。结论 :NAC对受照小鼠具有明显的防护作用     

低剂量混合稀土“常乐”和硝酸镧对大鼠肝脏抗氧化能力的影响

目的 :探讨低剂量混合稀土“常乐”和硝酸镧的抗氧化作用。方法 :采用肝组织匀浆生化测定法 ,观察不同剂量“常乐”和硝酸镧〔L a(NO3 ) 3 〕灌胃 6个月后 ,大鼠肝组织中过氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH- Px)和丙二醛 (MDA)含量的变化。结果 :10 mg· kg-1“常乐”组肝的 GSH- Px含量和 0 .1,0 .2 mg· kg-1La(NO3 ) 3 组肝的 SOD、GSH- Px的含量与对照组相比有明显增高 ,2 mg·kg-1“常乐”组雌鼠、10 mg·kg-1“常乐”组雄鼠和 0 .2 mg·kg-1L a(NO3 ) 3 组肝的 MDA的含量均明显降低。结论 :低剂量“常乐”和 L a(NO3 ) 3 能抑制自由基的产生 ,降低体内过氧化物的含量 ,提高抗氧化酶活性。     

沙棘提取物抗老龄鼠衰老作用的实验研究

目的 :观察沙棘提取物抗 Wistar老龄鼠衰老作用。方法 :给老龄 Wistar鼠灌胃沙棘提取物 ,2 5 d后 ,用化学法测定其血清超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶 (GSH- Px)及脂质过氧化物(LPO)的水平 ;用荧光法测定其大脑皮质脂褐素 (L ipofusin)含量。结果 :实验组灌胃沙棘提取物与对照组比较 ,大鼠体内 L PO、L ipofusin含量明显下降 ;SOD、GSH- Px活力明显提高。结论 :沙棘提取物是一种较强的抗氧化物质     

氧自由基在小儿急性病毒性脑炎血清中检测的临床意义

目的 :探讨氧自由基在小儿急性病毒性脑炎发病机理中的作用。方法 :采用化学方法分别检测 48例小儿病脑急性期和恢复期血清中超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD) ,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶( GSH- Px) ,过氧化氢酶 ( CAT)的活性变化和脂质过氧化物 ( ( LPO)含量变化。结果 :急性期 SOD,GSH- Px和 CAT的活性明显低于恢复期和正常对照组 ;急性期 LPO的含量明显高于恢复期和正常对照组。结论 :在小儿病脑发病过程中存在着自由基代谢紊乱 ,自由基参与了病脑的病理过程。这一检测结果为临床应用自由基清除剂、估计病情及预后提供了可靠的理论依据。     

硒对多不饱和脂肪酸负荷大鼠机体保护作用的研究

目的 :观察硒对饲添加多不饱和脂肪酸饲料大鼠全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 ( GSH- Px)和脂质过氧化物 ( LPO)水平的影响。方法 :GSH- Px采用 DTNB法 ,LPO采用碘量法测定。结果 :添加多不饱和脂肪酸 ( PUFAs,50 g/kg)饲料喂养大鼠 30 d,血中 GSH- Px活性明显降低 ,同时伴有LPO含量升高。补硒后上述变化均有明显纠正。结论 :PUFAs长期负荷能够降低动物体内抗氧化能力 ,硒具有明显保护作用     

冬寒菜粉对γ射线诱发小鼠脂质过氧化的影响

目的　观察冬寒菜粉对 γ射线诱发小鼠脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用。方法　对小鼠进行 60 Coγ射线全身照射 ,1次 /天 ,1Gy/次 ,共 10次。照射前、后均喂饲含冬寒菜粉 (1.5 %、3.0 %、6 .0 %)饲料 ,末次辐照后 1周检测小鼠血浆和肝脏中丙二醛 (MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)和谷光甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH- Px)活力。结果　冬寒菜粉各组动物的血浆和肝中 MDA含量均明显低于辐射对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,血浆 SOD活力显著升高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,并存在剂量 -反应关系。结论　冬寒菜粉对 γ射线诱发小鼠脂质过氧化具有一定的保护作用。     

砷致小鼠肝肾脂质过氧化的实验研究

目的:探讨砷对小鼠肝肾脂质过氧化的影响及维生素 E的拮抗作用。 方法 :采用亚慢性毒性实验方法 ,实验结束后分别测定小鼠肝肾组织中脂质过氧化产物丙二醛 (MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH- Px)的活力 ,同时观察维生素 E(Vit E)干预后对染砷小鼠体内抗氧化水平的影响。结果 :随着砷染毒剂量的增加 ,小鼠肝肾组织中 MDA含量显著增加 ,SOD、GSH- Px活性显著降低 ,且呈剂量 -效应关系。Vit E能显著抑制 MDA生成量 ,提高 SOD、GSH- Px活性。结论:砷可致机体脂质过氧化 ,Vit E可拮抗其脂质过氧化作用     

乙二醛对小鼠抗氧化系统的影响

目的：通过观察乙二醛（glyoxal）急性染毒小鼠全血及组织中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase SOD）谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px）、巯基含量（T-SH、NP-SH）及脂质过氧化物（Lipid Peroxidation，LPO）含量的变化，探讨乙二醛对抗氧化系统的影响及毒作用机制。方法：实验用昆明种小鼠40只，分成4组。实验组分三组，腹腔注射乙二醛水溶液，剂量分别为1．3mmol／kg（1／8 LD50）、2．6mmol／kg（1／4 LD50）及5．2mmol／kg（1／2 LD50），对照组注射等量生理盐水。急性染毒后24h，采血并取心、肝、脑及肾组织。全血及组织中GSH-Px的活力测定．采用二硫双硝基苯甲酸（DTNB）法；SOD活力的测定用亚硝酸盐法。血清及组织中的LPO（主要为MDA）含量测定，用硫代巴比妥酸（TBA）法；全血及组织中总巯基（T-SH）和非蛋白巯基（NP-SH）含量测定，用Ellmans法，蛋白巯基（PB-SH）含量可由T-SH减去NP-SH求得。结果：各染毒组脑及高剂量组肝的LPO含量升高，与对照组比较差异具有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。低剂量组肝及高剂量组脑的SOD活力增高；各剂量组的全血和肾脏及中、低剂量组肝脏GSH-Px活力下降；各剂量组全血及高剂量组脑的总巯基及蛋白巯基含量增加，高剂量组脑、肾及中、低剂量组肝脏非蛋白巯基含量下降，均与对照组相比差异显著（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：小鼠脑及肝组织对毒物诱发的自由基的高度敏感，易致脂质过氧化损伤；血、肝及肾中GSH-Px为接触乙二醛的敏感指标。     

脂质过氧化与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病

对31名心绞痛或陈旧性心肌梗塞的男性冠心病患者及42名健康男性进行血液检测,冠心病患者的血清过氧化脂质(LPO) 含量较健康者显著增高,而血铜,锌,硒含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px) 和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD) 活力均较健康者显著降低。多因素分析结果,冠心病患者血LPO与GSH-Px,SOD及硒均呈负相关;血硒含量与GSH-Px活力及血铜含量与SOD活力均呈正相关。脂质过氧化增强在冠心病的发生发展过程中可能起着重要的促进作用。     

抗氧化系统对不同年龄患者冠状动脉病变程度的影响

目的:探讨不同年龄患者过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)以及谷胱甘肽系统对冠状动脉(冠脉)病变程度的影响。方法:选取179例年龄49～90岁的心内科住院患者,分为<60岁组(非老年组)77例,≥60岁组(老年组)102例。测定空腹血脂、血糖、CAT、SOD、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)等,测量身高、体质量等指标。根据每例患者的冠状动脉造影结果,采用Gensini评分系统对每支血管病变程度进行定量评分。结果:老年组患者血浆CAT、SOD、GSH、GR和GSH-Px水平均低于非老年组患者(P<0.05～P<0.01)。校正年龄因素后,血浆CAT、SOD、GSH、GR和GSH-Px水平与 Gensini积分仍呈显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,GSH-Px和CAT对Gensini积分的影响作用更大(P<0.01)。结论:随着年龄增长,血浆CAT、SOD、GSH、GR和GSH-Px明显降低,与冠脉病变程度具有一定的负相关性,且CAT和GSH-Px对冠脉病变的影响作用更大。     

实验感染肝片吸虫大鼠组织抗氧化功能的动态变化

目的 本文通过大鼠感染肝片吸虫复制感染模型，研究肝片吸虫感染后组织器官抗氧化功能的动态变化。方法 将60只大鼠随机分为感染组（ n=30)和对照组（n=30)，感染组大鼠一次口服25个囊蚴，对照组不感染，于感染前（0w)和感染后（1、3、5、7、9w)宰杀采集肝、肺、心、肾和脾组织，检测感染后GSH－Px,SOD,CAT活性和MDA含量的变化。结果 大鼠感染肝片吸虫后，肝组织的GSH－Px活性变化不明显，SOD活性缓慢下降后又缓慢升高；CAT活性降低；MDA含量开始有所升高，稍后有轻微下降。肾脏的GSH－Px活性先缓慢升高，以后则低于对照组；SOD活性呈现平稳下降的趋势，CAT活性开始升高，随后降低低于对照组，MDA含量开始缓慢下降，以后则上升。心组织的GSH－Px活性开始升高，以后迅速下降；SOD活性逐渐升高，然后又缓慢下降；CAT活性逐渐升高，然后又有所下降；MDA含量感染后有所下降。肺组织中的GSH－Px活性逐渐升高，以后逐渐下降；SOD活性5w后开始急剧下降；CAT活性的变化在整个实验期间，除第7w外，其他各周和对照组相比差异均不显著；MDA含量在感染后开始升高，以后又缓慢下降。脾组织中GSH－Px和SOD活性下降；试验组CAT活性先下降；然后升高；MDA含量在前3w变化不明显，基本上处于同一水平，随后缓慢下降，且在第7、9w与对照组差异极显著。结论 自由基参与了肝片吸虫病的发病过程，肝片吸虫感染后机体的器官组织发生了脂质过氧化损伤。     

心脑血管病患者血清LPO及SOD、GSH-PX、CAT监测及相关性的研究

目的 :探讨自由基与心脑血管疾病发病的关系。方法 :应用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和丙二醛法 ,对 10 6例冠心病 ,其中包括 2 9例心肌梗塞 ,16例心绞痛 ,6 1例陈旧性冠心病 ,31例脑血管病和 6 5例健康人 ,做血清 L PO和 SOD,GSH- PX,CAT水平的监测。结果 :冠心病、脑血管病患者血清 L PO量明显高于健康组含量 ,两组比较差异显著 (P<0 .0 1) ;冠心病组与脑血管病组的SOD、GSH- PX、CAT酶活性测定值明显低于健康组测定值 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :心脑血管病发病过程中 ,自由基参与了组织损伤 ,机体氧化及抗氧化代谢不断进行 ,密切相关 ,因此监测 L PO及系列氧化清除酶水平 ,对疾病的发展转归有其重要意义。     

Oxidative stress before and after operation in patients with chronic cholecystitis containing gallstone

To study the relationship of oxidative, antioxidative constituents and antioxidases in blood with chronic cholecystitis containing gallstone, levels of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C(VC), vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (beta-CAR) in plasma as well as level of LPO, activities of superoxide dismulase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in erythrocytes were investigated by spectrophotometric assay in 107 patients with this condition (PCg) and 100 healthy volunteers (HVs). Compared with HVs group, the average value of LPO and NO in plasma and that of LPO in erythrocytes of PCg group were significantly increased (P < 0.0001), while that of VC, VE and beta-CAR in plasma and the average activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in erythrocytes were significantly decreased (P < 0.0001). Linear regression and correlation analysis for 107 preoperative PCg showed that the value of LPO and NO in plasma and that of LPO in erythrocytes of PCg gradually increased (P < 0.0001), representing a significant linear positive correlation. The value of VC, VE and beta-CAR in plasma and that of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in erythrocytes of PCg gradually decreased (P < 0.0001), representing a significant linear negative correlation. Stepwise regression and correlation analysis for 107 preoperative PCg suggested that the closest correlation was observed between the course of disease and the value of NO and VC in plasma and that of SOD, GSH-Px and LPO in erythrocytes, r = 0.7306, F = 32.1408, P < 0.0001. Compared with the preoperative PCg group, the average value of LPO and NO in plasma and that of LPO in erythrocytes of the postoperative PCg group were significantly decreased (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the average value of VC in plasma and that of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in erythrocytes of the postoperative PCg group were significantly increased (P < 0.0001), whereas no significant difference was found between their average value of VE and beta-CAR in plasma. These findings suggested that oxidative stress was an aggravating pathological condition in PCg group. Therefore, we recommend that in treating PCg, antioxidants such as VC, VE, beta-CAR should be given in order to alleviate their potential oxidative damages.     

人参二醇组皂甙对游泳训练大鼠LPO和SOD的影响

目的 :观察人参二醇组皂甙 (PDS)对游泳训练大鼠超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)与脂质过氧化物(L PO)水平的影响。方法 :TBA比色法和邻苯三酚 -氯化硝基四氮唑蓝法。结果 :PDS可降低肝、肾、心与骨骼肌组织中的 L PO水平 ,提高红细胞与肺组织中 SOD活性 ,并且这些作用优于甲基睾酮对照组。结论 :PDS可通过减少自由基防治运动性疲劳和损伤     

大肠癌抗氧化体系的损伤

目的：探讨自由基与人体大肠癌的关系。方法：通过生物化学方法分别测定了大肠癌组织中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ Ｐｘ）的活性及脂质过氧化物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量、微量元素硒（Ｓｅ）的含量、维生素Ｅ的含量。同时采用患者正常粘膜为对照测定上述各项指标。结果：ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ、ＧＳＨ－ Ｐｘ 的活性在肿瘤组织中较正常粘膜显著降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１, Ｐ＜ ０．０５,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。ＭＤＡ、Ｓｅ 和维生素Ｅ 在肿瘤组织中较正常粘膜显著降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１,０．０１＜ Ｐ＜ ０．０５,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论：人类大肠癌的抗氧化酶系均有不同程度的损伤,脂质过氧化作用减弱,硒代谢异常,裂解类抗氧化剂也有损伤     

Abnormal metabolism of nitric oxide, oxidative stress and lipoperoxidative stress in patients with acute viral myocarditis

Objective To investigate metabolic status of nitric oxide (NO) as well as oxidative and li poperoxidative stress, pathological chain reactions of a series of free radicals , and oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in patients with acute viral myocar ditis (AVM). Methods Using a random paired control design, plasma levels of NO, lipoperoxides (LPO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and β- carotene (β- CAR), erythrocytic level of LPO as well as activities of erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH- Px) were investigated by spectrophotometr ic assays in 60 AVM patients and 60 healthy adult volunteers (HAV). Results Compared with the HAV group, plasma NO, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocyte of the AVM group significantly increased (P=0. 0001), while VC, VE, β- CAR, SO D, CAT and GSH- Px of the AVM group significantly decreased (P=0. 0001). Co mpared with the AVM group before treatment, plasma NO, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocyte of the AVM group post treatment significantly decreased (P&lt;0. 05 ), whereas plasma VC, VE and β- CAR as well as erythrocytic SOD, CAT and GSH- P x of the AVM group post treatment significantly increased (P&lt;0. 05). Conclusion The findings in this study suggested that in the AVM patients the metabolism of NO was disturbed, and the pathological chain reactions of a series of free radic als were severely aggravated, thus produced the oxidative damage and lipoperoxid ative damages. Therefore, we recommend that antioxidants at suitable dosage, su ch as VC, VE, β- CAR and others, should be given to AVM patients daily to allev iate potential oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in their bodies.     

Effects of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation on plasma constituents and enzyme activities related to oxidative stress

In order to study effects of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation on plasma constituents and enzyme activities related to oxidative stress, 1255 smokers and 524 healthy non-smokers were investigated in terms of plasma levels of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (beta-CAR). Additionally, erythrocytes were examined to determine the level of LPO, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The results showed that, when compared with the average values of the non-smoker group, the average plasma values of LPO, NO and the average erythrocyte value of LPO in the smoker group were significantly increased (P < 0. 001), while the average plasma values of VC, VE, beta-CAR, and the average erythrocyte activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). A linear regression and correlation analysis for 65 male smokers who were all 40 years old showed that with longer smoking duration and greater daily smoking quantity, the plasma values of LPO, NO and the erythrocyte value of LPO were elevated, while the plasma values of VC, VE, beta-CAR and erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px were decreased. In a group of 73 smokers who stopped smoking completely for six months, the average plasma values of LPO, NO and the average erythrocyte value of LPO decreased, although they were still significantly higher than those in the matched non-smoker group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the average plasma values of VC, VE, beta-CAR and the average erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px increased, although they were still significantly lower than those in the matched non-smoker group (P < 0.05). However, after smoking cessation for one year the above average values were not significantly different from those in the matched non-smoker group (P > 0.05). This finding indicates that the markedly increased oxidative stress in smokers might gradually return to normal but only after a long period of smoking cessation. In conclusion, in the bodies of smokers a series of free radical chain reactions were gravely aggravated, the dynamic balance between oxidation and antioxidation was seriously disrupted, and oxidative stress was clearly exacerbated, which is closely related to many disorders or diseases in smokers. The present study underscored the need, urgency and importance of complete smoking cessation.