口服亚硒酸钠和维生素E对高海拔地区心血管病患者甲状腺激素的影响

目的探讨使用亚硒酸钠和维生素E对高海拔地区心血管病患者甲状腺激素的影响.方法将心血管病患者随机分为3组A组42例患者口服亚硒酸钠,同时加服维生素E;B组28例患者口服亚硒酸钠;对照组20例,未服用亚硒酸钠及维生素E.观察对象分别于治疗前和治疗6个月后抽血检测血清硒(Se)、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量及甲状腺激素(T3、T4)等指标,以观察远期疗效.结果治疗后A组和B组血清Se含量[(0.71±0.22)、(0.68±0.18)μmol/L]明显高于治疗前[(0.31±0.17)、(0.33±0.14)μmol/L],差异有显著性(P＜0.01);A组和B组血浆GSH-Px活力分别为(87.12±13.61)、(84.79±12.13)U/L,较治疗前[分别为(58.43±18.93)、(57.12±17.36)U/L]明显增加.A组和B组MDA含量[(4.86±1.18)、(4.18±1.23)nmol/ml]较治疗前[(8.66±0.96)、(8.71±0.87)nmol/ml]明显降低,差异均有显著性(P＜0.01);A组和B组患者T3和T4较对照组明显降低,趋于正常.血清Se与血浆GSH-Px呈正相关(r=0.781,P＜0.01),与MDA、T3、T4浓度呈负相关(r=-0.385;r=-0.687;r=-0.412,均P＜0.05).甲状腺激素恢复正常者A组31例(73.81%)、B组20例(71.42%);部分恢复者A组4例(9.52%)、B组2例(7.43%),其恢复率明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05),远期疗效较好.结论补充适量硒和维生素E可纠正高原环境下因低Se而引起的甲状腺激素代谢异常.     

补充维生素A预防小儿腹泻和呼吸道感染性疾病的效果评价

205名1～5岁儿童,按血清维生素A含量和膳食中维生素A摄入水平分为2组。用单盲法每季度给实验组儿童补充50 000IU的维生素A,随访观察1年实验组和对照组儿童每人每年平均腹泻发病次数分别为0.089±0.02和0.347±0.30次;呼吸道感染性疾病分别为0.346±0.06和0.951±0.11次;每次病程天数分别为2.67±0.07与5.54±0.11和0.94±0.20与2.47±0.26天,均有统计学上的差异(P<0.05)。实验组儿童血清维生素A(1.22±0.06μmol/L)含量明显高于对照组(0.87±0.05μmol/L),也有非常显著性的差异(P<0.01)。结果说明该观察点儿童维生素A营养水平很低,补充维生素A后,可减少腹泻和呼吸道感染性疾病的发病率。     

手术前后补硒对结直肠癌患者免疫功能的影响

目的　研究手术前后服用酵母硒对结直肠癌患者免疫功能的作用。方法　1998 年3 月～1999 年3月,将我院的40 例大肠癌患者,随机分成对照组和治疗组,分别给予一般酵母和酵母硒(600μg/d) 持续2 周,观察治疗前后血硒水平、T 细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白,以及细胞因子αTNF 的变化。结果　补硒后,血硒由0 .79 ±0 .17μmol/L上升到0 .99 ±0 .23μmol/L,P< 0 .05 ;CD4 由24 .09 ±4 .10 % 上升到27 .95 ±4 .91 % ,CD8 由20 .18 ±2 .48 % 上升到23 .09 ±4 .47 % ,P< 0 .05 ;血清中Ig M 从83 .7 ±22 .37mg % 上升到103 .69 ±35 .49mg % ,P< 0 .05 。结论　手术前后给大肠癌患者服用酵母硒可明显地提高其血硒水平,改善机体的免疫功能并增强抗肿瘤的能力。     

病毒性心肌炎患儿血清一氧化氮与微量元素锌的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨一氧化氮(NO)和微量元素锌(Zn)在病毒性心肌炎(VMC)中的作用及临床意义。方法:采用比色法、原子吸收分光光度分析法测定42例VMC患儿及23例正常健康儿的血清NO、Zn水平。结果:急性期VMC患儿血清NO含量为(61.35±18.92)μmol/L,较对照组(23.81±5.37)μmol/L、恢复期(33.95±8.86)μmol/L患儿明显升高(P<0.01);而急性期VMC患儿血清Zn浓度为(76.81±11.05)μmol/L,较对照组(116.28±11.76)μmol/L、恢复期(89.75±9.90)μmol/L患儿降低(P<0.01);VMC患儿急性期NO与Zn呈高度负相关(P<0.05)。结论:血清NO、Zn含量变化与VMC的发生发展有关。     

隧道作业人员脂质过氧化水平及口服维生素C和维生素E的防护效果

目的探讨隧道作业人员脂质过氧化水平,以及口服维生素C、维生素E降低脂质过氧化危害的效果。方法检测某在建铁路50名隧道作业人员(实验组)和50名桥梁作业人员(对照组)体内血浆维生素C、维生素E、过氧化脂质(PLPO)含量及红细胞过氧化脂质(ELPO)含量、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(ESOD)活力、红细胞过氧化氢酶(ECAT)活力、红细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(EGSHPx)活力。结果实验组血浆维生素C、维生素E、ESOD、ECAT、EGSHPx的含量或活力分别为(40.320±4.699)、(11.174±1.558)μgml和(22996.77±2933.08)UgHb、(13.005±1.751)UmgHb、(65.193±8.531)UgHb,较对照组[分别为(43.596±5.080)、(13.165±2.901)μgml和(24321.05±2178.12)UgHb、(14.722±2.760)UmgHb、(69.000±8.452)UgHb]明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组PLPO、ELPO含量分别为(5.514±0.579)、(11.059±2.940)nmolml,较对照组[分别为(5.014±0.957)、(9.232±2.695)nmolml]明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。隧道作业人员服用维生素C、维生素E后,其体内ESOD、ECAT、EGSHPx活力分别较服用前明显升高,PLPO、ELPO含量分别较服用前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论隧道作业人员体内氧化和抗氧化平衡失调,过氧化和脂质过氧化加剧;补充一定剂量的维生素C、维生素E能有效降低隧道作业人员体内过氧化和脂质过氧化危害。     

高血压患者血清锌、铜、钙、钴、镉、镁、镍、铬、钛的测定

本文应用直流等离子体原子发射光电直读光谱仪测定了60例正常人,45例高血压患者血清锌、铜、钙、钴、镉、镁、镍、铬、钛含量。结果表明,正常人血清锌19.70±3.75μmol/L(1.2876±0.2457μg/ml),铜17.23±3.48μmol/L(1.0945±0.2213μg/ml),钙2211.09±430.72μmol/L(104.6523±17.2634μg/ml),钴2.87±1.05μmol/L(0.3694±0.0616μg/ml),锅0.44±0.27μmol/L(0.0491±0.0300μg/ml),镁783.71±294.29μmol/L(19.0520±7.1543μg/ml),镍0.42±0.27μmol/L(0.0252±0.0156μg/ml),铬0.28±0.24μmol/L(0.0148±0.0123μg/ml),钛0.82±0.50μmol/L(0.0391±0.0243μg/ml),与文献报道值类似。高血压患者血清锌16.45±2.85μmol/L(1.0754±0.1863μg/ml),钙2308.32±276.29μmol/L(92.5175±11.0738μg/ml),钴2.23±0.62μmol/L(0.1316±0.0368μg/ml)和钛0.61±0.31μmol/L(0.0292±0.0147μg/ml),均低于正常对照组(分别为p<0.001,p<0.05)。镉0.85±0.40μmol/L(0.0951±0.0452μg/ml),镁1022.20±399.91μmol/L (24.8497±9.721 8μg/ml)和镉/锌比值高于正常对照组(P<0.001)。而铜17.58±3.11μmol/L(1.1169±0.1973μg/ml),镍0.39±0.01μmol/L(0.0231±0.0045μg/ml),铬0.31±0.12μmol/L(0.0163±0.0     

生长期缺锌对大鼠血清元素的影响

目的:研究膳食锌缺乏对生长期大鼠血清各种元素的影响。方法:刚断奶的SD大鼠,按体重相近配伍,随机分为3组,每组8只:缺锌组(ZD),配饲组(PF),对照组(ZA)。缺锌饲料、正常饲料含锌量分别为0.4mg/kg3、0 mg/kg,实验期15 d。用等离子电感耦合质谱仪(ICP—MS)测定大鼠血清元素锌、铁、铜、硒、锰、钴、铬、钙、镁、镉的含量。结果:缺锌组大鼠:血清铁(573.86±201.71μg/L)明显低于配饲组(1372.37±118.69μg/L)和正常组(1463.55±331.66μg/L)(P<0.05);血清锰(12.28±5.33μg/L)明显高于配饲组(4.24±0.73μg/L)和正常组(3.10±1.10μg/L)(P<0.05);血清铜(534.71±113.77μg/L)、硒(262.55±38.57μg/L)、镁(25.26±9.29μg/dl)低于正常组(铜725.91±158.27μg/L,硒465.90±132.18μg/L,镁39.84±14.10μg/dl)(P<0.05),与配饲组无明显差异(铜566.86±134.96μg/L,硒336.71±112.30μg/L,镁29.59±6.99μg/dl)(P>0.05);相比于配饲组与正常组,血清钙有下降趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05),血清钴、铬、镉有升高趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:膳食锌缺乏影响生长期大鼠体内的微量元素水平。     

药食两用中药预防性驱铅效果研究

[目的]研究药食两用中药预防性驱铅效果。[方法]将66名血铅高于2.40μmol/L的铅接触工人 ,随机分为对照组和试验组 ;测定两组分别服用安慰剂和中药前后的血铅、尿铅含量以及红细胞中游离锌卟啉 (ZPP) ,同时 ,检查血、尿常规、肝肾功能等指标。[结果]服用中药前试验组和对照组之间血铅、尿铅无差异。服用中药后 ,试验组血铅[15d为(4.63±2.23) μmol/L,30d为 (3.28±1.55) μmol/L]明显低于服用中药前[(8.02±1.23) μmol/L] ;试验组尿铅[15d为(1.24±0.61) μmol/L,30d为 (0.88±0.33) μmol/L]明显高于服用中药前[(0.63±0.40) μmol/L] ,差异均有统计学意义 ,而对照组服用安慰剂前后血铅、尿铅无差异。服用中药前后试验和对照组血ZPP无差异 ,服用中药15、30d后 ,血ZPP[15d为 (20.05±11.5) μg/gHb,30d为 (18.30±11.3) μg/gHb]明显低于用药前[(25.24±20.2) μg/gHb,P<0.05]。服用中药前后血、尿常规、肝肾功能等指标无差异。[结论]本研究选用的药食两用中药具有一定的驱铅作用 ,同时不改变机体的其他生理功能。     

小儿弱视与微量元素硒的关系及其临床意义

目的:观察微量元素硒及相关生物活性物质对小儿弱视影响以及硒治疗的效果。方法:将弱视患儿随机分为两组:在常规使用遮盖加精细目力训练的基础上,A组37例患儿口服亚硒酸钠0.5 mg/d,连服1周,以后每周0.5 mg,疗程6个月;B组31例患儿未服用亚硒酸钠。观察对象分别于治疗前和治疗6个月后抽血检测血清硒(Se)、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量等指标,随访1年,以观察远期疗效。结果:治疗后A组血清Se(0.034±0.016)mg/L明显高于治疗前(0.013±0.008)mg/L,差异有显著性(P<0.01);A组血浆GSH-PX活力为(87.12±13.61)IU/L,较治疗前(53.62±18.70)IU/L明显增加,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。A组MDA含量(6.46±1.55)nmol/m l,较治疗前(8.68±1.49)nmol/m l明显降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。血清Se与血浆GSH-PX呈正相关(r值=0.781,P<0.01),与MDA呈负相关(r值=-0.385,P<0.05)。患儿视力恢复正常者A组22例(59.46%),B组11例(35.48%);视力进步者A组12例(32.43%),B组12例(38.71%);视力恢复率A组明显高于B组(2χ值=3.896,P<0.05),远期疗效较好。结论:用亚硒酸钠治疗该地区弱视患儿有明显的治疗效果;Se水平低表明该地区小儿弱视可能与缺硒有关。提示补充适量硒可提高该地区因低硒引起的弱视患儿的视力。     

窒息对新生儿高胆红素血症的影响

目的 探讨窒息对新生儿高胆红素血症的影响。方法 154名足月窒息新生儿和87名正常新生儿生后第1、2、3天监测血清胆红素及对有皮肤黄染的新生儿追踪监测。结果 轻度窒息新生儿生后第1、2、3天平均血清胆红素浓度为(49.7±11.l)μmol/L、(84.6±13.8)μmol/L和(152.6±15.3)μmol/L,重度窒息儿为(64.3±12.2)μmol/L、(10.3±13.3)μmol/L和(13.2±14.2)μmol/L,正常新生儿为(80.1±13.6)μmol/L、(126.3±16.2)μmol/L和(17.9±11.4)μmol/L,重度窒息组新生儿生后第1、2天血清胆红素水平高于轻度窒息组,而第3天低于轻度窒息组,2组血清胆红素均低于正常新生儿组,差异均有显著性(P相似文献   

花生油、茶油、牛油对大鼠脂质过氧化、膜磷脂脂肪酸组成及膜流动性的影响

用含11％花生油、茶油、牛油的饲料分别饲养SD大鼠，观察其血清和心、肝、脑丙二醛（MDA）、血清和肝超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平、生物膜磷脂脂肪酸组成及膜流动性的改变。结果发现：花生油组心线粒体及牛油组RBC膜磷脂脂肪酸含量与摄入脂肪酸呈正相关（r分别为0.6275和0.6967，P＜0.01）。喂饲花生油引起生物膜磷脂多不饱和脂肪酸含量增加，膜流动性增高，血清和肝SOD水平较低（分别为3.76±1.61mg／L、616±163μg／g），血清MDA较高（8.70±1.71μmol／L），提示脂质过氧化程度较高。喂饲茶油引起膜磷脂单不饱和脂肪酸含量增加，膜流动性和血清SOD（5.66±2.00mg／L）较高，血清及脑MDA较低（5.92±1.15μmol／L，2.45±0.44μmol／g），提示脂质过氧化程度较低。喂饲牛油引起膜磷脂饱和脂肪酸含量增加，膜流动性较低，血清及肝SOD较高（5.79±0.56mg／L，886±99μg／g），血清MDA较低（7.04±1.66μmol／L），脑MDA较高（3.96±1.68μmol／g），脂质过氧化程度介于花生油组与茶油组之间。     

牛初乳提取物（BCE）对老年人抗衰老作用的研究

用随机双盲对照法在老年人群中服用牛初乳提取物（ＢｏｖｉｎｅＣｏｌｏｓ一ｔｒｕｍＥｘｔｒａｃｔ，ＢＣＥ）三个月，观察抗衰老作用。结果表明，ＢＣＥ能提高老年人体内血清总超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活力（２．５２±２．９７Ｕ／ｍｇｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，Ｐ＜０．０１）和锰－超氧化物歧化酶（Ｍｎ一ＳＯＤ）活力（１．０８±１．８５Ｕ／ｍｇｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，Ｐ＜０．０１），降低脂质过氧化物（一２．５５±１．６１ｎｍｏｌ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＢＣＥ尚能提高老年人的液化智能，尤其在图样记忆测验（０．６６±１．０６，Ｐ＜０．０１）与瞬时记忆广度（０．２２±１．９１，Ｐ＜０．０１）方面，效果明显，能提高外周血中性粒细胞的吞噬百分率（８．７８±１０．０２％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；并能改善容易疲倦，腰酸痛，肢凉畏寒、多夜尿等衰老症状（一５．３１±５．１１，Ｐ＜０．０１）     

十堰市城区3-6岁儿童维生素A营养状况分析及比较

目的了解十堰市3-6岁儿童维生素A(VA)营养状况,将结果与湖北省往年的调查结果相比较,并对VA缺乏者进行干预。方法选取十堰市某幼儿园中班和大班的所有儿童进行膳食调查,健康检查和VA水平检测,对血清视黄醇浓度<1.05 mol/L的儿童给予口服VA补充剂,三个月后再次抽血检测血清中视黄醇浓度。结果十堰市3-6岁儿童VA平均水平为1.27±0.40 mol/L,亚临床缺乏(<0.07 mol/L)占5.3%,可疑亚临床缺乏(0.7-1.05 mol/L)占21.4%,与往年的调查结果比较有一定改善,但是并不显著。膳食调查发现VA摄入不足,视黄醇当量占供给量77.8%。口服VA补充剂三个月后再次检测发现血清视黄醇浓度明显上升,补充前后的差异有统计学意义(paired t-test,t=14.86,P<0.001)。结论儿童VA的营养状况并没用显著改善,提示我们发展经济的同时,也要加强营养宣教,普及婴幼儿科学喂养知识,降低儿童VA亚临床缺乏患病率,进一步提高儿童健康水平。     

镍作业工人细胞免疫功能、血清硒和过氧化脂质含量的变化

９６名镍作业工人测定结果：非特异酯酶阳性细胞百分率（ＡＮＡＥ＋％）为７６．８％±８．０％，Ｔ细胞亚群ＣＤ２、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８阳性细胞百分率（ＣＤ＋２％、ＣＤ＋４％、ＣＤ＋８％）及ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值分别为６５．６％±１０．５％、５６．３％±１２．１％、３４．３％±８．２％和１．７６±０．６；酵母多糖刺激的外周血多形核白细胞化学发光（ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ）本底和峰值分别为４８±２３和３０７３±６８４ＣＰＳ／１０６ＰＭＮ；血清硒和丙二醛含量分别为１．２２±０．２３和４．７６±０．８８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。与非镍作业的地区对照组比较，Ｔ细胞ＣＤ＋８％增高，ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值下降，化学发光的本底值降低，峰值增加，血清Ｓｅ含量下降，丙二醛含量升高。分析镍作业工人工龄与后三项指标变化的关系，工龄大于２０年与小于１０年有统计学上明显差别。这些观察指标为镍作业人员医学观察增加新的监护指标提供依据。     

The Influence of Smoking on Vitamin C Status During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy and on Vitamin C Levels in Maternal Milk

Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to determine the differences in vitamin C status of 57 Spanish women smokers (S) and nonsmokers (N) in their third trimester of pregnancy, and the concentrations of vitamin C in their milk.

Methods: Vitamin C intake during the third trimester was determined by recording the consumption of foods over a 5-day period (including a Sunday) and by registering vitamin C provided by dietary supplements. Vitamin C levels in maternal serum during this stage of pregnancy and in transition (days 13 to 14 of lactation) and mature milk (day 40 of lactation) were determined colorimetrically. Subjects also answered a questionnaire on their smoking habits during pregnancy.

Results: S subjects (n=16) showed a lower intake of fruits, vegetables and vitamin C than did N subjects (n=41), though these differences were not significant (17.1% of N subjects and 31.2% of S subjects took less than 80 mg of vitamin C per day). Neither were any differences found between the two groups in serum vitamin C levels. However, N subjects showed significantly greater vitamin C levels in both transition and mature milk (431.6±296.5 μmol/L and 496.1±325.6 μmol/L, respectively for N subjects, and 233.7±202.9 μmol/L and 241.3±293.1 μmol/L for S subjects). Further investigations are necessary to determine the clinical consequences of these observations, though it is already known that maternal smoking favors peroxidation events in newborn infants.

Conclusions: If the concentration of antioxidants (vitamin C) in smokers’ breast milk is also lower, this might aggravate the peroxidation problems of their newborn.     

维生素A营养状况对青年免疫功能的影响及补充效果观察

本文筛选血红蛋白、血清白蛋白及维生素Ｅ在正常范围的健康青年７１名，测定血清维生素Ａ含量及６项免疫学指标。结果显示，血清维生素Ａ平均含量为１．３６±０．４３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。与各项免疫指标的相关分析，维生素Ａ与外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞百分数和淋巴细胞转化率间呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．２３６６，Ｐ＜０．０５，ｒ＝０．３０８６，Ｐ＜０．０１），与其它免疫指标未见显著相关性。维生素Ａ含量较低人群的外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞百分数及淋巴细胞转化率明显低于维生素Ａ含量正常人群（Ｐ＜０．０５），于补充维生素Ａ后显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ含量在两组人群间及补充前后无显著性差别。研究结果表明，维生素Ａ对维持和增强人体细胞免疫功能具有一定作用，对体液免疫功能未见显著影响。     

Hyperhomocysteinemia,and low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12 in urban North India

Summary Background and Aim An adverse coronary risk profile has been reported amongst rural-to-urban migrant population living in urban slums undergoing stressful socio-economic transition. These individuals are likely to have low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12, which may have an adverse impact on serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy). To test this hypothesis, we studied serum levels of Hcy in subjects living in an urban slum of North India and healthy subjects from urban non-slum area. Methods Group I consisted of 46 subjects (22 males and 24 females) living in an urban slum, while group II consisted of healthy subjects (n = 26, 13 males and 13 females) living in the adjacent non-slum area. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical profile (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and fasting serum levels of Hcy were measured. Dietary intakes of folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B1, and iron were calculated by the 24-hour dietary recall method. Serum levels of Hcy were correlated with dietary intakes of nutrients, anthropometry, and metabolic variables. Results Sex-adjusted serum levels of Hcy in mmol/L (Mean ± SD) were high, though statistically comparable, in both the groups (group I: 20.8 ± 5.9 and group II: 23.2 ± 5.9). Overall, higher than normal serum levels of Hcy (> 15 μmol/L) were recorded in 84 % of the subjects. A substantial proportion of subjects in both groups had daily nutrient intakes below that recommended for the Asian Indian population (folic acid: 93.4 % in group I and 96.7 % in group II, vitamin B12: 76.1 % in group I and 88.4 % in group II). However, between the two groups, average daily dietary intakes of both the nutrients were statistically comparable. As compared to non-vegetarians, vegetarians showed lower intakes of folic acid (p < 0.01) and vitamin B12 (p < 0.01) in both groups. On multivariate linear regression analysis with serum Hcy as the response variable and vegetarian/non-vegetarian status and sex (male/female) as predictor variables, higher serum levels of Hcy were observed in vegetarians vs non-vegetarians (β = 4.6, p < 0.05) and males vs females (β = 5.3, p < 0.01). Conclusions Low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12, and hyperhomocysteinemia, in both the healthy population living in urban slums and adjacent urban non-slum areas, are important observations for the prevention of nutritional and cardiovascular diseases in the Indian subcontinent. Received: 30 October 2001, Accepted: 14 January 2002     

叶黄素干预对长期荧屏光暴露者视功能的影响

目的研究叶黄素干预对长期荧屏光暴露者视功能的影响。方法采用双盲随机空白对照研究,将37名22～30岁长期荧屏光暴露者随机分为低剂量组、高剂量组和安慰剂组,分别每天给予6mg叶黄素、12mg叶黄素及安慰剂,连续干预12w。在干预前及干预后12w时,测定血清叶黄素浓度,并检测泪膜破裂时间,临界闪烁融合频率,明视持久度,视觉反应时等视功能指标。结果叶黄素干预后,高剂量组和低剂量组血清叶黄素(μmol/L)水平分别由0.328±0.120和0.356±0.117上升至0.733±0.354和0.607±0.176。高剂量组左眼泪膜破裂时间较干预前显著延长,明视持久度得到显著改善,平均简单反应时较干预前明显缩短;干预后临界闪烁融合频率、辨别反应时和选择反应时无明显变化。结论叶黄素干预对长期荧屏光暴露者泪膜破裂时间、明视持久度及简单反应时有明显改善作用。     

Nutritional supplements and elevated serum vitamin A levels in children on chronic dialysis

Vitamin A is known to accumulate in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), but it is present in many micronutrient and all complete nutritional supplements. Measurements were made of serum vitamin A concentrations in eight children (mean age 6 years, range 2–15 years) on chronic dialysis six continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis patients (CCPD) and two haemodialysis (HD) patients, before and 6 months and 12 months after commencing a daily supplement containing vitamins A and D (Ketovite Liquid; Paines & Byrne Ltd, West Byfleet, Surrey, UK). Seven children were receiving complete nutritional supplements (two oral, five via gastrostomy buttons). Dietary energy and vitamin A intakes were determined by 3-day dietary records. Prior to Ketovite Liquid supplementation, a mean of 68% (range 28–103%) of the reference nutrient intake (RNI) for vitamin A was provided by the diet, with a significant contribution from complete nutritional supplements. When receiving Ketovite Liquid supplementation, mean vitamin A intakes exceeded twice the RNI. Mean serum vitamin A concentrations (2.7±0.8 μ mol/l) at baseline were above the revised normal reference range. Levels rose significantly post Ketovite Liquid supplementation at 6 months (mean 4.2±0.6 μ mol/l, P <0.05) and 12 months (mean 4.8±0.8 μ mol/l, P <0.05). This study confirms that vitamin A supplementation should be avoided in children on chronic dialysis. Any dietary supplement, either micronutrient or complete, must be carefully analysed for its potential contribution to total vitamin A intake.     

血浆总高半胱氨酸与心,脑血管病关系的研究

方法：采用高效液相色谱荧光检测法分别测定了冠心病及脑血管病患者和健康人的血浆总高半胱氨酸（Ｈｃｙｓ）含量，以探讨血浆Ｈｃｙｓ与心，脑血管硬化病变之间的关系。结果：冠心病与脑卒中患者血浆Ｈｃｙｓ显著高于健康人。冠心病患者中，恶化型劳累性心绞痛患者血浆Ｈｃｙｓ显著高于陈旧性心肌梗塞患者。结论：血浆Ｈｃｙｓ水平随着冠心病程度加重而增加，但脑梗塞与脑溢血患者血浆总Ｈｃｙｓ水平无显著性差异