蝶啶荧光分析法在丝光绿蝇成虫日龄推断中的应用

目的:探讨蝶啶荧光分析法用于丝光绿蝇Lucilia sericata成虫日龄及死亡时间推断的潜力。方法:将L.sericata成虫于16、20、24、28和32℃5种恒温下饲养,此后取样1次/2~3 d。取各日龄雌、雄成虫头壳于Tris-HCl(pH8.0)缓冲液中匀浆,离心,用荧光分光光度计测定上清液的荧光强度。结果:在5种恒温下,雌、雄成虫头壳蝶啶含量与日龄均呈显著线性关系(r2>0.77,P<0.01);蝶啶积累速率与温度也呈显著线性关系(r2>0.88,P<0.01)。应用蝶啶荧光分析法对自然温度下L.sericata雌、雄成虫日龄的估计表明,估计与实际日龄呈显著线性关系(r2>0.87,P<0.01),其中雌成虫日龄估计误差平均为±1.5 d,雄成虫±1.7 d。结论:蝶啶荧光分析法可有效用于L.sericata成虫日龄的推断。     

大头金蝇成虫蝶啶荧光分析的方法学研究

目的：建立大头金蝇（Chrysomyia megacephala，C．megacephala）成虫头壳蝶啶含量的分析方法。方法：取C．megacephala头壳于3mL Tris-HCl缓冲液（pH8．0）中匀浆，离心。应用荧光分光光度计分析上清液的荧光强度。结果：当蝶啶溶液浓度低于0．8个头壳，3mL时。其荧光强度随溶液浓度的增长呈线性增加（r^2=0．9907。P〈0．01）。浓度较高时，蝶啶溶液对其荧光有着显著的浓度淬灭效应。其荧光强度随溶液浓度增加逐渐降低（P〈0．01）。光照条件下。蝶啶溶液的荧光强度随放置时间的延长而显著增加（r^2=0．9676，P〈0．01）；黑暗条件下．虽然蝶啶溶液的荧光强度也随时间的延长而显著增加（P〈0．0S），但其增长速率比光照条件下小得多。结论：在进行蝶啶荧光分析时。必须控制蝶啶溶液的终浓度，注意避光，并缩短从匀浆到荧光分析的时间间隔。以减少分析误差。     

不同种类和不同品系蚊虫乙酰胆碱酯酶的差异

目的:探讨乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)在不同种类和不同品系蚊虫间的差异,为应用生物化学方法检测蚊虫的抗药性提供依据.方法:以碘化硫代乙酰胆碱为底物,5,5′-二硫-双(2-硝基苯甲酸)为显色剂,测定单个蚊虫AChE,以残杀威为抑制剂测定AChE不敏感性.结果:4种类敏感蚊虫AChE活性,Ⅳ龄幼虫间和3日龄雌成虫间均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),而且3日龄雌成虫的AChE活性均明显高于其Ⅳ龄幼虫(P<0.01).抗敌敌畏(Rd)、抗残杀威(Rp)品系淡色库蚊AChE活性水平高于敏感(S)品系(P<0.01),抗氯氰菊酯(Rc)品系淡色库蚊AChE活性与S品系相近(P>0.05).Rd、Rp品系淡色库蚊不敏感AChE个体频率高于S品系(P<0.01),Rc品系淡色库蚊不敏感AChE个体频率与S品系相近(P>0.05).结论:测定AChE可用来判断蚊虫抗药性状况,而测定对象宜选择3日龄雌成虫.     

不同周龄BWEL-SPF种鸡生理生化指标的测定

目的测定不同周龄的BWEL-SPF种鸡生理和生化指标,并对测定值进行t-检验。方法分别采用计数板法、血涂片法、血液全自动分析仪测定法、双缩尿法、溴甲酚绿法、酶比色法和硫氰酸汞比色法等测定了10、40和60周龄的雌、雄BWEL-SPF种鸡的生理生化指标,并对雌、雄差异进行了统计学分析。结果在所测定的生理生化指标中,不同周龄雌雄之间差异显著性表现项目不同,其中在10周龄时,只有总胆固醇(CHO)在雌、雄之间差异极显著(P<0.01);40周龄时,甘油三酯(TG)、在雌、雄之间差异极显著(P<0.01);总胆固醇(CHO)为雌、雄之间差异显著(P<0.05);60周龄时,出血时间(BT)、嗜碱性粒细胞(B)、单核细胞(M)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、葡萄糖(Glu)在雌、雄之间差异极显著(P<0.01),而凝血时间(CT)和甘油三酯(TG)在雌、雄之间差异显著(P<0.05),除此以外,其它生理生化指标在雌雄之间差异不显著。结论BWEL-SPF种鸡的生理和生化指标随周龄不同,在雌、雄之间的差异随之变化。     

HBK-SPF鸭主要解剖数据的测定

目的分别测定7日龄和56日龄的HBK-SPF鸭的解剖学数据,并分析比较性别之间的差异。方法采用常规方法测定7日龄和56日龄的雌、雄HBK-SPF鸭的解剖数据,并对雌雄差异进行了统计学分析。结果在所测定的解剖数据中,不同日龄、性别之间表现差异显著性的项目不同,其中7日龄时,左肾、右肾存在性别差异,达到极显著(P<0.01),胫围和盲肠2存在显著性别差异(P<0.05);56日龄时,只有胸腺存在极显著性别差异(P<0.01),盲肠1和直肠差异显著(P<0.05),其它解剖数据在雌雄之间差异不显著。结论不同日龄的HBK-SPF鸭的解剖数据和脏器参数存在性别差异。     

血糖控制对2型糖尿病患者载脂蛋白A水平的影响

目的 观察分析2型糖尿病患者载脂蛋白A(apoA)水平变化与血糖控制状态关系及其可能的影响机制.方法 采用自动生化仪检测213名2型糖尿病患者血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、载脂蛋白A(apoA)、载脂蛋白B(apoB),用离子交换高效液相色谱分析法测定糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc),比较其与血脂指标的相关性.结果 两组HDL-C水平差异无统计学意义[(1.26±0.45)mmol/vs(1.13±0.35)mmol/L,P>0.05];控制满意组apoA水平显著高于非满意组[(1.16±0.31)g/Lvs(0.98±0.32)g/L,P<0.01],apoB/apoA显著低于非满意组(P<0.05).TC、TG、LDL、VLDL水平两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).直线相关分析显示apoA与HbAlc、FBG呈显著负相关(r=-0.30,P<0.01;r=-0.24,P<0.01);apoA与HDL、TC呈显著正相关(r=0.74,P<0.01;r=0.39,P<0.01).结论 2型糖尿病患者血糖控制状态显著影响apoA水平,这可能是HDL功能紊乱的重要原因.     

新生儿心率正常值

本文应用DINAMAP新生儿生命体征监护仪测定了351例正常足月新生儿出生7日内心率正常值。测定结果显示足月新生儿出生7日内的心率平均值X±SD=130±16次/分,其95%正常范围为96～159次/分。日龄与心率值呈显著的正相关(r=0.98,P<0.01)。心率与日龄的直线回归方程式Y=115 3.23X。(Y为心率,X为日龄),7日合计男女性别间比较,女性>男性,差异显著。体重与胎龄对足月新生儿的心率无显著影响。     

线粒体自噬在百草枯中毒大鼠模型肺纤维化中的作用研究

目的:建立百草枯(paraquat,PQ)中毒大鼠模型,观察不同阶段肺线粒体膜电位(JC-1染色)、调控线粒体自噬关键性蛋白PINK1、Parkin及活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的变化,探讨线粒体自噬是否参与PQ中毒肺纤维化的发生。方法:成年雄性SD大鼠42只,随机分为正常对照组(n=6)、模型组(n=36),模型组下设2 h、12 h、1 d、3 d、7 d和14 d共6个时间点,每个时间点各6只大鼠。使用20%PQ溶液50 mg/kg一次性灌胃大鼠建立PQ中毒模型。通过流式细胞仪检测血红细胞ROS浓度;HE染色和Masson染色观察PQ中毒后肺组织病理损害;JC-1染色检测肺组织线粒体膜电位变化;Western blot检测PINK1、Parkin蛋白变化。结果:与对照组相比,随着PQ中毒时间的延长,肺纤维化病理评分较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PQ组ROS荧光阳性强度率比值在中毒后2 h显著升高,中毒后12 h达高峰后逐渐下降(P<0.05),中毒后14 d与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PQ组肺组织JC-1红绿荧光比均较对照组降低,Western blot提示随中毒时间延长,PINK1及Parkin蛋白表达均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。PQ组肺组织JC-1红绿荧光比与PINK1及Parkin、肺纤维化病理评分均呈负相关(r=-0.890,P<0.01;r=-0.845,P<0.01;r=-0.794,P<0.01)。在PQ中毒12 h内,血红细胞ROS荧光强度阳性率与JC-1红绿荧光比呈负相关(r=-0.712,P<0.01),与PINK1及Parkin、肺纤维化病理评分呈正相关(r=0.571,P<0.01;r=0.484,P<0.01;r=0.602,P<0.05)。结论:PQ中毒导致大鼠产生了明显氧化应激,诱发了线粒体自噬。ROS的产生与线粒体自噬的发生密切相关,共同参与了PQ大鼠肺纤维化的发生发展。     

糖尿病患者左心室功能检测及其意义

用心阻抗血流图(Impedance cardiogram,ICG)对30例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者和30例正常人进行了左心功能检测,结果显示糖尿病患者的左心室射血前期(PEP)延长,射血期(LVET)无变化,PEP/LVET值增大,等容舒张期(A_2-O)延长,房缩波(A)增高,A/C值增大,心脏指数(CI)减低。相关分析表明CI与A_2-O、A A/C呈显著负相关(r=-0.63 P<0.01,r=0.52 P<0.01,r=0.56P<0.01),与PEP/LVET呈弱负相关,(=-0.34,P<0.05)。说明糖尿病患者的左心室舒张功能和收缩功能均存在异常,舒张功能障碍出现较早,程度较重。     

血浆vWF与2型糖尿病患者颈动脉内中膜厚度的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者颈动脉内中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)与血浆vwF的关系.方法 2型糖尿病71例患者分为预动脉IMT正常组(A组)37例,颈动脉IMT增厚组(B组)34例,另设正常对照组(C组)30例.采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法,检测血浆vWF水平;颈动脉IMT测定采用美国飞利浦IVV型超声诊断仪(7.5 MHz).结果 A组及B组血浆vWF水平较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.01),B组明显高于A组(P<0.01).血浆vWF与糖尿病病程(r=0.356,P<0.01)、IMT(r=0.699,P<0.01)、总胆固醇(r=0.351,P<0.01)、低密度脂蛋白(r=0.459,P<0.01)、收缩压(r=0.472,P<0.01)、舒张压(r=0.252,P<0.05)呈正相关.结论 2型糖尿病颈动脉增厚患者血浆vWF水平增高,血浆vWF与IMT呈显著正相关,血浆vWF可能参与颈动脉粥样硬化的发生.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.