经右外侧小切口与正中剖胸切口矫治房间隔与室间隔缺损的对比研究

目的 评价经右外侧小切口矫治房间隔与室间隔缺损手术的优点.方法 回顾性分析经右外侧切口48例患者(右外侧切口组)和正中切口 56例患者(正中剖胸切口组)矫治房间隔与室间隔缺损手术的结果 、主要并发症及随访资料,并进行比较.结果 两组患者的体外循环时间、心肌循环阻断时间、术后机械通气时间、术后住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组均无死亡;术后胸液量右外侧切口组为(103.6±58.3)mL,正中剖胸切口组为(153.1±63.5)mL,两组比较差异统计学意义(P<0.05):随访(60.1±16.3)个月,右外侧切口组无并发鸡胸,正中剖胸切口组有1例并发鸡胸.结论 经右外侧小切口矫治房间隔与室间隔缺损安全、有效,与正中剖胸切口手术相比具有创伤小、出血少、瘢痕隐蔽、不破坏胸廓的骨性连续性等优点.     

右侧腋下小切口直视手术治疗小儿先天性心脏病的临床应用

目的:探讨先天性心脏病(先心病)患儿行右侧腋下小切口直视手术临床应用效果。方法:把给予右侧腋下小切口直视手术的患者纳入研究组,行胸骨正中切口直视手术的患者纳入对照组。记录两组患儿手术情况、预后情况、随访结果。结果:研究组先心病患儿手术时间、辅助通气时间(术后)、引流量(术后24h)、住院时间(术后)均显著少于对照组(P<0.05);两组体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、术后不良反应发生率(分别为11.8%、8.2%)对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组给予1年随访可知心功能均恢复正常(P>0.05),研究组"鸡胸"发生率显著低于对照组(21.2%,P<0.05)。结论:先心病患儿经右侧腋下小切口直视手术治疗效果显著,有利于患儿尽快恢复健康并保障其生活质量。     

微创右腋下直切口与胸骨正中切口在心内直视手术中的对比

目的:比较右腋下直切口与胸部正中切口两种手术路径,在心内直视手术治疗常见先天性心脏病(先心病)的临床结果。方法:回顾性分析2012年5月至2014年2月,常见简单先心病房间隔缺损、室间隔膜部缺损、部分性心内膜垫缺损行微创右腋下直切口心内直视手术33例,选取既往相同疾病行传统胸部正中切口41例。对比两组患者手术时间、体外循环时间、输血量、术后引流量、术后呼吸机使用时间、术后住院时间及预后并进行总结。结果:两组患者均无死亡、出血致二次手术等重大并发症,在体外循环时间、术后呼吸机使用时间上两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在手术时间、输血量、术后引流量和术后住院时间方面微创右腋下直切口组均优于传统胸骨正中切口组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后随访6个月,两组患者超声心动图(UCG)均未发现残余分流、心包积液等并发症,传统胸部正中切口组4例患者出现鸡胸畸形,而微创切口组均恢复良好。结论:在常见先心病心内直视手术治疗中,微创右腋下直切口安全美观,并不增加术后并发症的发生,在术后恢复上显著优于传统胸骨正中切口。     

3个月以下婴儿经右外侧小切口手术入路室间隔缺损修补

目的:通过分析3个月以下婴儿经右外侧小切口手术入路室间隔缺损(VSD)修补的病例,探讨右外侧小切口在VSD修补术的应用和推广。方法:对2016年1月至2018年1月期间,我中心3个月以下婴儿VSD经右外侧小切口修补组(n=28)与经正中切口VSD修补组(n=40)进行比较,分析指标包括:手术主动脉阻断时间、体外循环时间,术后引流量、呼吸机使用时间、ICU时间、术后住院时间。结果:两组患儿手术均无死亡,两组在主动脉阻断时间(P=0.260)和体外循环时间(P=0.324)无明显差异;右外侧小切口组的呼吸机使用时间、引流量、ICU住院时间、术后住院时间明显少于正中切口组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:3个月以下婴儿VSD经右外侧小切口和正中切口一样安全可靠,效果确切,但创伤更小,术后恢复更快。     

心内直视手术中右腋下直切口的应用及体外循环插管的策略

目的探讨右腋下直切口在体外循环(CPB)心内直视手术中的应用.方法1999年3月-2005年6月,采用右腋下直切口经右第3肋床进胸行心内直视手术,其中房间隔缺损(ASD)67例,室间隔缺损(VSD)141例,ASD加VSD 15例,共计223例.结果心肌阻断时间为22.0min±5.5 min,1/3病人不输血,无死亡,术后住院时间6.0 d±4.5 d.结论采用右腋下直切口在CBP心内直视手术治疗单纯ASD、VSD,创伤小,恢复快,住院时间短,输血量少,术后并发症少以及切口隐蔽、美观.     

右胸微创小切口切除心脏黏液瘤疗效评价

目的:对比标准胸骨正中切口,探讨经右胸微创小切口行心脏黏液瘤切除术的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012年3月至2015年5月在西南医科大学附属医院37例行心脏黏液瘤切除术病例的临床资料,其中经右胸微创切口切除15例(右胸微创组),经标准胸骨正中切口手术22例(标准正中组)。比较2组手术时间、体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、呼吸机辅助通气时间、ICU停留时间、住院时间、术后输血量、术后相关并发症、术后疼痛评分情况、住院死亡率和肿瘤复发率。结果:2组患者术前一般临床资料比较差异无统计学意义。在体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、术后呼吸机辅助通气时间及ICU停留时间上,2组比较差异无统计学意义;但右胸微创组住院时间[(11.2±1.3)d对(14.5±1.4)d,P0.05]、术后输血量[(0.7±0.8)U对(1.8±1.4)U,P0.05]及疼痛评分(4.6±0.9对6.0±1.3,P0.05)明显低于标准正中组。2组患者随访期间均无复发。结论:与标准胸骨正中切口相比,经右胸微创小切口行心脏黏液瘤切除安全、可靠,疗效确切。     

改良右后外侧小切口体外循环下不停跳心内直视术临床观察

对32例心脏病患者经右后外侧保留胸肌小切口在体外循环心脏不停跳下进行心脏直视手术.全组平均切口长度为(8.42±1.37)cm,体外循环时间为(36.26±14.28)min,术后呼吸机辅助时间为(8.63±3.36)h,胸腔引流量为(152.19±48.21)ml,术后住院时间为(8.62±2.36)d.术后恢复良好,无栓塞、心律失常及脑部并发症.认为改良右后外侧小切口心脏不停跳行心内直视手术创伤小,安全,患者恢复快.     

右外侧小切口剖胸行婴幼儿法洛四联症根治术治疗体会

目的:总结0～3岁婴幼儿经右外侧小切口剖胸行法洛四联症(TOF)根治手术的结果及治疗体会。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2011年12月完成的0～3岁TOF根治术142例,经右外侧小切口剖胸进行的TOF根治术47例,经正中剖胸进行的TOF根治术95例,对比2组患儿的术前血氧饱和度、血红蛋白、McGoon比值,术中体外循环时间和主动脉阻断时间以及术后当日胸腔引流量、左心房压、正性肌力药物评分、呼吸机使用时间,监护室停留时间和术后住院时间。结果:经右外侧小切口剖胸进行的TOF根治术47例,其中跨环补片15例(占32%)。本组平均年龄(13.34±6.41)个月(5～34个月),平均体质量(9.58±1.17)kg(6～14 kg),术前血氧饱和度(87.57±9.02)%(69%～99%),McGoon比值2.06±0.48(1.11～3.36),术中体外循环时间(95.95±26.31)min(40～170 min),主动脉阻断时间(67.95±17.57)min(30～117 min),术后当日胸腔引流量(10～850 mL),中位数胸腔引流量110(80,167)mL,左心房压(9.19±2.12)mmHg(3～14 mmHg),正性肌力药物评分8.57±3.97(2～19),呼吸机使用时间(4～165 h),中位数呼吸机使用时间21.5(14.2,36.5)h,监护室停留时间(2.86±1.94)d(0～9 d)。术后因胸腔引流过多二次开胸探查2例。残余分流2例(2 mm)。与同期相匹配95例正中剖胸TOF根治术相比,术前临床资料无差异,术中体外循环时间和主动脉阻断时间无差异,术后右外侧小切口剖胸组监护室停留时间明显短于正中剖胸组,正性肌力药物评分及术后左心房压明显低于正中剖胸组。其余各项均与正中剖胸组无差异。结论:在熟练掌握手术技巧,严格手术适应证选择的基础上,右外侧小切口剖胸可以在TOF根治手术中应用。     

389例先天性心脏病右外侧小切口剖胸心内直视手术

目的:总结经右胸外侧小切口体外循环下行先天性心脏病心内直视手术经验。方法:1996年11月至2011年12月,我科室应用右胸小切口完成各类先天性心脏病(先心病)的心内直视手术389例。年龄1.5～57岁,平均13.5岁。体质量7.6～68 kg,平均24.5 kg。手术切口后缘自右腋中线第3肋间处,向前下斜行达锁骨中线第6肋间处做8～12 cm弧形切口,第4肋间入胸。手术方式:房间隔缺损修补157例,室间隔缺损修补150例,部分房室隔缺损矫治8例;右心室流出道疏通术24例;法洛三联症矫治32例,法洛四联症矫治5例以及其他畸形矫治13例。随机选择同期常规手术(胸正中切口)患者100例作为对照。结果:研究组切口长度、手术时间及术后引流量都显著低于对照组;研究组术后呼吸机辅助时间明显低于对照组;术后监护时间各组间差异无统计学意义。研究组手术死亡4例(1.03%),2例死于术后脑栓塞,另外2例死于低心排出量综合征(低心排)。结论:右胸小切口手术入路,可安全有效地行常见先心病的矫治。该技术创伤小、恢复快、美观,并提高了患者的生活质量,值得进一步推广应用。     

右后外侧小切口剖胸治疗冠状动脉右心室和/或右心房瘘

目的:总结经右外侧腋下小切口入胸体外循环辅助直视下治疗冠状动脉右心室右心房瘘的手术经验及效果。方法:选取本院2002年1月至2018年12月,行冠状动脉右心室和/或右心房瘘矫治术患儿31例,其中经胸骨正中开胸完成手术矫治的患儿16例(正中组),男性9例,女性7例,中位年龄11.8个月(6～32)个月,中位体质量12.7 kg(7.5～29 kg)。其中右冠状动脉右心室瘘9例,左冠状动脉右心室瘘5例,右冠状动脉右心房瘘2例;经右外侧小切口剖胸(右侧组)行手术矫治的患儿15例,男性9例,女性6例。中位年龄10.8个月(5～28个月),中位体质量11.6 kg(5.6～18)kg。右冠状动脉右心室瘘9例,左冠状动脉右心室瘘4例,右冠状动脉右心房瘘2例。均在全身麻醉体外循环辅助下完成冠状动脉右心室和/或右心房瘘矫治术。结果:右侧组术后无死亡。术后残余瘘2例。正中死亡1例,死于低心排出量综合征(低心排);术后残余瘘2例。右侧组手术时间、切口长度、ICU停留时间、术后引流量、术后输血量、术后呼吸机辅助时间以及住院时间都显著低于正中组;主动脉阻断时间差异无统计学意义。随访3～38个月,心脏功能恢复良好。结论:经右侧腋下小切口直视下行冠状动脉右心室右心房瘘矫治手术,手术安全可靠,术野清晰,创伤小,术后恢复良好。     

Comparison of clinical outcomes and postoperative recovery between two open heart surgeries:minimally invasive right subaxillary vertical thoracomy and traditional median sternotomy

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive right subaxillary vertical thoracotomy and traditional median sternotomy through right atrium in treatment of common congenital heart diseases.Methods:Clinical data of 59 cases of common congenital heart diseases treated with minimally invasive right axillary vertical thoracotomv from May,2011 to February,2013 and 77 cases of same diseases with traditional median sternotomy in the past three years were retrospectively analyzed,including atrial septal defect,membranous ventricular septal defect and partial endocardial cushion defect.The results were compared from the two groups,including the time for operation and cardiopulmonary bypass,amount of blood transfusion,postoperative drainage,ventilation time,hospital stay,and prognosis.Results:No severe complications happened in both groups,like deaths or secondery surgery caused by bleeding.No significant differences were in CPB time and postoperative ventilator time between groups(P0.05),while for all of the operative time,the length of incision,postoperative drainage and hospital stay,minimally invasive right axillary vertical thoracotomy was superior to median sternotomy,with statistically significant differences(P0.05).In six-month lollowup after operation,no complications of residual deformity and pericardial effusion were found in both groups bv doing echocardiography,but mild pectus carinatum was found in X patients in the traditional median sternotomy group(traditional groupi.whereas patients in another group were well recovered.Conclusions:Minimally invasive right subaxillary vertical thoracotomv for common congenital heart diseases is as safe as traditional median sternotomy,without the increasing incidence of postoperative complications.Additionally,compared with traditional median sternotomy,minimally invasive right subaxillary vertical thoracotomv is better in the aspects of hidden incision,appearance,and postoperative recovery.     

Clinical relevance of video-angiocardiometry in the pediatric age group

Routine quantitative assessment of diagnostic angiocardiograms of children with congenital heart disease is only practiced by a few groups. General availability of high quality computer technology and software as well as the increasing surgical treatment of complex congenital heart diseases warrants a critical review of the potential of quantitative angiocardiography in the pediatric age group. Video techniques allow recording and evaluation of the respective anterior-posterior and lateral projections side by side on one TV-field, obviating time consuming handling of conventional films with separately recorded projections. Reproducibility of this observer dependent technique is excellent. The statistical error of the clinically important normal values during the period of growth is in the range observed for other biological methods and allows separation of normal and overloaded ventricles. Angiocardiometric parameters quantitatively describing ventricular spatial orientation, shape, size, and function characterize overloaded left and right ventricles of simple congenital heart diseases. For the assessment of the severity, prognosis, and indication for an operation in an individual patient angiocardiometry in most cases adds only information which has to be evaluated in conjunction with that of clinical examinations and other laboratory techniques. Angiocardiometry is of particular value - also for the individual patient - in more complex congenital heart diseases for the monitoring of ventricular size and function before and after one- or more-stage operations. Thus deficiencies of operative methods can be delineated and may lead to improvement and introduction of new ones. Application of contrast medium and X-ray saving digital subtraction methods, possibly in conjunction with semi-automated contour detecting techniques, will allow an even more detailed angiocardiometric evaluation with broader acceptance in pediatric cardiology.     

右外侧小切口剖胸先天性心脏病矫治术近远期疗效观察

目的:调查右外侧小切口先天性心脏病(先心病)矫治术近、远期疗效。方法:1994年10月至2004年4月,所完成的1 386例右外侧小切口先心病矫治术患者为完全组,其中单纯室间隔缺损矫治术患者共488例为处理组,随机抽取同期185例相同年龄正中开胸室间隔缺损修补术患者为对照组。调查以上患者近、远期疗效。近期疗效包括体外循环时间、心肌阻断时间、术后机械通气时间、术后引流液量、术后住院时间、院内死亡情况及并发症发生情况等。远期疗效包括与心脏有关的症状、异常体征及收到随访信1个月以内的超声心动图、胸片及心电图等检查结果。结果:完全组病种包括房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、法乐氏四联症及部分心内膜垫缺损;共死亡9例(0.65%),并发症发生37例(2.67%)。与对照组相比,处理组在引流液量(106.71 mL vs.146.70 mL)、鸡胸(零例vs.3例)发生等方面具明显优势。结论:右外侧小切口先心病矫治术近、远期疗效不落后于甚至优于正中开胸手术。     

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and cardiopathies

Forty-nine cases of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) were diagnosed out of 10 750 patients with cardiac disease (0.45 p. 100), 24 cases out of 3 761 congenital malformations and 25 cases in the 6 989 patients with acquired heart disease. Right ventricular pre-excitation was recorded in 31 cases; 13 in the lateral zone, 12 in the posterior paraseptal zone and 6 in the anterior paraseptal zone. Left ventricular pre-excitation was recorded in 18 cases: 8 in the lateral zone, 5 in the anterior paraseptal and 5 in the posterior paraseptal zones. WPW and congenital heart disease: Out of 20 cases of Ebstein's anomaly, 5 cases of WPW were observed: 4 right posterior and 1 right lateral pre-excitations. Out of 218 cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, 7 cases of WPW were observed, 4 of which were congenital. Three cases of WPW were recorded in 699 patients with ventricular septal defects. Out of 1 348 cases of atrial septal defect, 5 cases of pre-excitation were recorded, including 3 right posterior pre-excitations associated with an ostium primum defect. Pre-excitation was also observed in isolated cases of corrected transposition of the great arteries, supravalvular aortic stenosis, aortic incompetence and patent ductus arteriosus. Pre-excitation and acquired heart disease: Five cases of pre-excitation were recorded out of 305 cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (1.62 p. 100). Eleven cases of pre-excitation were recorded in a total of 3 471 cases of valvular heart disease (0.31 p. 100): 9 in rheumatic valve disease and 2 in mitral valve prolapse. Nine cases of pre-excitation were observed in 2 850 cases of coronary artery disease. Intermittent Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: Ventricular pre-excitation masks the ECG changes of complete right bundle branch block in Ebstein's anomaly, complete left bundle branch block in aortic incompetence and dilated cardiomyopathy, and the in-complete right bundle branch block often seen in mitral valve prolapse. The characteristic appearances of WPW depend on the zone of pre-excitation. Right ventricular hypertrophy observed in ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis and mitral stenosis may be masked by right lateral pre-excitation. Changes of inferior wall myocardial infarction may be masked by left anterior wall pre-excitation. On the other hand, the effects of WPW on left ventricular hypertrophy are variable, high amplitudes of the resultant forces seeming to depend on late and isolated activation of one of the left ventricular walls.     

葡萄糖溶液对小儿非发绀型先天性心脏病矫治术中血糖的影响

目的:观察术中输注5%葡萄糖溶液和乳酸林格溶液,对小儿非发绀型先天性心脏病(先心病)矫治术中血糖的影响。方法:选择60例行择期非发绀型先天性心脏病心脏畸形矫治手术的患儿,随机分为A组和B组。在常规静脉通路建立后,A组以2.4 mL.kg-1.h-1的速度输注5%葡萄糖溶液,B组以相同速度输注乳酸林格溶液。常规注射鱼精蛋白时停止输注。分析术前(T1)、切皮前1 min(T2)、主动脉阻断后10 min(T3)、主动脉开放后10 min(T4)和注射鱼精蛋白后5 min(T5)的血糖、血乳酸和血钾水平。结果:A组和B组病例一般情况,包括年龄、性别、体质量、诊断、手术时间、体外循环时间及主动脉阻断时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组的血糖在T2、T3、T4时间点显著高于B组(P<0.01和P<0.05)。B组血糖在T2时间点较T1明显降低,并且有5例发生低血糖。结论:对于行心脏手术的非发绀型先心病小儿术中输注5%葡萄糖溶液,能有效防止术中的血糖降低。     

少见冠状动脉畸形18例

目的 :探讨 18例少见冠状动脉 (冠脉 )畸形特征及评价选择性冠脉造影在其诊断中的作用。方法 :对17例患者进行冠脉造影 ,13例患者进行手术纠正治疗。另 1例二维超声心动图误诊为动脉导管未闭 ,术中证实为右冠脉 -右室瘘。结果 :18例患者中共发现有 9种冠脉畸形 ,包括冠脉起源异常 2例 ;左冠脉回旋支缺如 1例 ;左、右冠脉 -肺动脉瘘 3例 ;左冠脉 -肺动脉瘘 3例 ;右冠脉 -右心房瘘 3例 ;右冠脉 -右室瘘 2例 ;右冠脉 -静脉瘘 1例 ;左冠脉 -右室瘘 1例 ;左冠脉 -左心室瘘 2例。其中 13例患者经手术治疗得到再证实。结论 :冠脉畸形是少见的先天性血管畸形 ,选择性冠脉造影是确诊的重要手段 ,需与先天性心脏病和冠心病心绞痛鉴别 ,术后效果良好。     

先天性心脏病患儿术后血淀粉酶升高峰值延迟的影响因素

目的 先天性心脏病患儿术后血淀粉酶升高在既往已有研究报道。对于血淀粉酶变化趋势的规律研究较少。本研究旨在探索先天性心脏病术后患儿血淀粉酶变化趋势及对于血淀粉酶升高峰值延迟原因的探索。 方法 本研究为一项回顾性研究。连续入组阜外医院2019年1月1日至2019年12月31日先天性心脏病术后（1个月至6岁）血淀粉酶升高大于正常值3倍以上的180名患儿。按照血淀粉是否在48 h内达峰值,分为两组,正常达峰组和延迟达峰组,比较两组在人口学基本特征、体外循环时间、先天性心脏病种类、手术方式、重症监护时间及有创呼吸机时间等的差别。探索血淀粉酶高峰延迟的影响因素。对于血淀粉酶峰值延后的因素探索采用logistic回归。 结果 血淀粉酶在两组患儿性别、年龄、体质量指数等人口基本学特征、阻断时间、谷丙转氨酶、甘油三酯、肌酸激酶、乳酸最高值水平、淀粉酶最高值水平、呼吸机时间上无统计学差异。淀粉酶峰值在术后48 h后出现组右心病变的比例较高(P<0.01),有更长的转机时间(P<0.01),相对更长的ICU时间(P<0.01)。右心病变为术后淀粉酶峰值延迟的独立危险因素。 结论 右心病变是血淀粉酶术后48 h仍处于上升趋势的独立危险因素。     

Origin of left main and right coronary arteries from right aortic sinus of Valsalva

Coronary anomalies may be a part of complex congenital malformations of the heart or be an isolated defect. Anomalous coronary arteries are associated with a higher incidence of congenital heart diseases, but do not appear to be associated with an increased risk for development of coronary atherosclerosis. Coronary anomalies are recognized readily on angiography. Unexpected findings during invasive procedures would suggest a possibly existing coronary anomaly, especially when main branches cannot be opacified by selective contrast medium injection. This case report illustrates the clinical and angiographic findings of a patient undergoing coronary angiography for evaluation of ischemic heart disease with an unexpected presence of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right aortic sinus.     

先天性心脏病手术两种麻醉药物的比较

目的:通过观察心内直视手术中,舒芬太尼或瑞芬太尼复合七氟烷快通道麻醉对婴幼儿血流动力学,及对术后拔管时间,术后躁动情况和ICU逗留时间的影响。方法: 2011年2月~2012年3月择期行单纯房间隔缺损或室间隔缺损修补术患儿132（男70,女62）例,年龄8个月～5岁,术前NYHA心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。随机分为两组,舒芬太尼组（n=66）和瑞芬太尼组（n=66）。两组均用咪唑安定和维库溴铵诱导麻醉, 舒芬太尼组诱导用舒芬太尼1 μg/kg,术中维持持续泵入舒芬太尼2～2.5 μg/（kg·h）;瑞芬太尼组诱导用瑞芬太尼2 μg/kg,术中维持持续泵入瑞芬太尼0.1～1 μg/（kg·min）维持麻醉,两组均吸入七氟烷,持续泵入维库溴铵80～120 μg/（kg·h）。观察两组患者术前、术中、术后血流动力学变化,分别记录患儿闭眼入睡(基础,T0)、气管插管后(T1)、切皮(T2)、劈胸骨(T3)、开始转机(T4)、转机10 min(T5)、复温5 min(T6)、停机即刻(T7)、停机10 min(T8)、穿钢丝(T9)、手术结束(T10)和拔除气管插管时(T11)的心率（HR）、血压、脑电双频指数（BIS）及术后清醒时间、拔管时间、术后躁动情况和ICU逗留时间的影响。手术结束至拔除气管插管间时间为拔管时间。结果: 与T0 比较,两组患者T8、T9、 T10、T11 HR明显增快（P<0.05）,T1、T5、T6、T8平均血压（MAP）下降（P<0.05））;苏醒情况:舒芬太尼组清醒时间、拔管时间较瑞芬太尼组长（P<0.01）,瑞芬太尼组躁动发生率较舒芬太尼组高（P<0.05）。结论: 舒芬太尼或瑞芬尼复合七氟烷静吸复合麻醉用于婴幼儿单纯ASD或VSD等心内直视手术具有血流动力学稳定,能有效抑制应激反应,术后能早期拔管等特点,均能为婴幼儿先天性心脏病手术提供安全、快捷的快通道麻醉。