The prognostic significance of resection of primary tumor in gastric and colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis

The significance of primary tumor resection in gastric and colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis (H(+)) was evaluated in terms of operative mortality and survival rate by dividing the materials [293 gastric cancer and 80 colorectal cancer patients (53 colon and 27 rectum) with synchronous liver metastasis] into the following groups: Firstly, with or without peritoneal dissemination (P), secondly, with or without resection of the primary tumor and thirdly, with or without postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The following results were obtained: (1) The direct operative death rate of primary tumor resection, excluding death from other causes, showed an absence of statistically significant differences between the P0H(+) and P(+)H(+) gastric and colorectal cancer patients. (2) There was no significance in the prognosis between the primary tumor resection + postoperative chemotherapy group and the non-resectable group in the P(+)H(+) gastric and colorectal cancer patients, revealing no prognostic value of the primary tumor. (3) In the P0H(+) gastric and colorectal cancer patients, the primary tumor resection + postoperative chemotherapy group was significantly more favorable in prognosis than was the primary tumor resection alone group or the non-resectable group, showing the value of primary tumor resection.     

Basic and clinical studies on metastatic cancer--with special reference of multidisciplinary treatment of gastric and colorectal cancer patients with hepatic metastasis

We studied 161 gastric cancer patients with P0, H(+) and 51 colorectal cancer patients with P0, H(+) from among cancer patients of the digestive organs and obtained the following conclusions. The effective treatment for synchronous hepatic metastasis was regarded as the group with surgical removal of the primary lesion plus hepatic resection plus chemotherapy, demonstrating most favorable prognosis in both gastric and colorectal cancer patients. Prognosis of the group treated with surgical removal of the primary lesion plus hepatic resection plus chemotherapy, was the most excellent and was followed by the group with surgical removal of the primary lesion plus chemotherapy and group with surgical removal of the primary lesions and group surgical removal of the primary lesion in this order. Concerning chemotherapy after surgical removal of the primary lesion, continuous intraarterial infusion therapy with FML regimen combining Lentinan revealed more favorable prognosis also in both gastric and colorectal cancer patients. Hepatic resection with aggressive reduction surgery was of significance in the treatment for the patients with hepatic metastasis of H1 and H2. Long-term survival is also expected for the patients with metachronous hepatic metastasis of H1 by hepatic resection plus chemotherapy.     

Nonoperative Management of Primary Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Stage IV Disease

Background: Traditional teaching maintains that patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma require timely resection to prevent bleeding, perforation, or obstruction. The true benefits of primary tumor resection remain undocumented for patients presenting with metastatic disease, however. We postulated that resection of primary colorectal tumors could be avoided safely in a select population of asymptomatic colorectal cancer patients presenting with incurable stage IV disease.Methods: A retrospective review of the Vanderbilt University Hospital tumor registry was performed for the years 1985 to 1997. During this period, 955 patients presented for management of primary colorectal cancer. From this group, all patients with stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis were identified. Patients who initially underwent resection of their primary lesion were included in the resection group; those who underwent initial nonoperative primary tumor management were included in the nonresection group. Data were obtained regarding age, extent of disease, nonsurgical therapy, tumor-specific complications, and palliative surgical procedures. Surgery-free survival and overall survival were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. For patients with liver metastases, hepatic tumor burden was defined as either H1 (<25% parenchymal replacement), H2 (25% to 50%), or H3 (>50%) disease.Results: Sixty-six patients were included in the resection group, and 23 patients with intact asymptomatic primary colorectal lesions were included in the nonresection group. Among patients with hepatic metastases, most of the patients in both groups had H1 disease. Ten patients in the resection group and 3 patients in the nonresection group presented with exclusively extrahepatic metastases. In the nonresection group, primary therapy included chemotherapy in 13 patients, external beam radiation therapy in 1 patient, and combination chemoradiation in 9 patients. The median survival in the nonresection group was 16.6 months. The 2-year actuarial survival was 18%, and the surgery-free survival was 91.3%. Only 2 of 23 patients (8.7%) managed without resection eventually developed obstruction at the primary tumor site requiring emergent diversion. There were no episodes of tumor-related hemorrhage or perforation. For the resection group, the operative morbidity was 30.3%, and the perioperative mortality rate was 4.6%. The median survival in the resection group was 14.5 months (P = 0.59, log-rank test vs. nonresection group).Conclusions: Selected patients with asymptomatic primary colorectal tumors who present with incurable metastatic disease may safely avoid resection of their primary lesions, with an anticipated low rate of hemorrhage, perforation, or obstruction before death from systemic disease. No survival advantage is gained by resection of an asymptomatic primary lesion in the setting of incurable stage IV colorectal cancer.     

腹腔镜联合辅助化疗及内镜治疗进展期结直肠癌合并腺瘤的应用研究

目的：探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌切除术加辅助化疗加二期内镜下治疗结直肠癌合并根治术切除范围外结直肠腺瘤的临床应用价值。方法：2005年1月-2010年6月对54例进展期结直肠癌合并根治术切除范围外结直肠腺瘤（〉1．0cm）的患者（研究组）行腹腔镜结直肠癌切除术加辅助化疗（FOLFOX4方案）加二期内镜下腺瘤切除的综合治疗,对同期396例单发进展期结直肠癌患者（对照组）行腹腔镜结直肠癌切除术加辅助化疗（FOLFOX4方案）。通过并发症发生率、长期随访等评价治疗效果。结果：2组患者在年龄、性别、手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量、并发症发生率、平均住院时间、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、TNM分期及1、3和5年存活率差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。研究组辅助化疗后对合并腺瘤进行内镜下切除治疗,4例出血经保守治疗后成功止血,未发生穿孔、狭窄等严重并发症;3例患者术后病理组织学检查为腺瘤癌变,其中2例癌变局限于腺瘤中,1例癌细胞侵犯达黏膜下层,该例患者再次行腹腔镜下切除,术后随访无复发。结论：腹腔镜联合辅助化疗及内镜为合并结直肠癌根治术切除范围外腺瘤的患者提供了一种安全有效的微创治疗方法,值得临床推厂和应用。     

结直肠癌伴不可切除的同时性肝转移的腹腔镜治疗

目的:探讨结直肠癌伴有同时性不可切除肝转移灶的腹腔镜治疗的可行性及临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析2011年6月至2012年12月31例结直肠癌伴不可切除的同时性肝转移患者的临床资料及随访结果。按原发灶手术切除方式分为两组,A组行开腹手术切除结直肠癌原发灶(n=18),B组行腹腔镜手术(n=13)。术后均采取mFOLFOX6方案化疗。对比分析两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、术后住院时间、术后接受首次化疗时间及治疗效果。结果:31例均成功施行结直肠癌切除术,腹腔镜组无一例中转开腹及严重并发症发生。术后患者行mFOLFOX6方案化疗至少2个周期。经统计学分析发现,两组患者手术时间、治疗效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但腹腔镜组术中出血量明显减少(P<0.01),术后排气时间明显缩短(P<0.05),术后住院时间明显减少(P<0.05),术后接受首次化疗的时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论:对于不可切除的同时性结直肠癌肝转移患者,行腹腔镜原发肿瘤切除是安全、可行的;与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌伴不可切除的同时性肝转移,在切除原发灶的手术中具有出血量少、创伤小、术后肠功能恢复快、住院时间明显缩短并促进术后早期化疗等优势。腹腔镜手术对原发肿瘤及转移灶的治疗效果与开腹手术无明显差别,具有良好的临床应用价值。     

腹腔镜联合胸腔镜一期切除结直肠癌肺转移的疗效及预后因素

目的：探讨腹腔镜联合胸腔镜（双镜）一期切除结直肠癌肺转移的疗效及预后相关因素。方法：回顾性分析35例结直肠癌同时肺转移患者的临床资料,其中17例进行了双镜一期手术切除（双镜手术组）,术后接受化疗;其余18例仅接受全身化疗（非手术组）,比较两组疗效并分析双镜手术患者的预后因素。结果：双镜手术组患者原发性病灶及肺转移灶均达到R0切除。双镜手术组与非手术组1、2年生存率分别为82.3%、44.4%（P=0.028）和52.3%、22.2%（P=0.001）。单因素分析显示,肺转移瘤数量（P=0.002）及纵膈淋巴结阳性（P<0.001）与患者术后生存有关,而患者的性别、年龄,原发肿瘤部位、病理类型、T分期,肺转移瘤大小、切除方式,手术前CEA水平,化疗方案均与其术后生存时间无关（均P>0.05）;多因素分析显示,肺转移瘤数量（P=0.005）、纵膈淋巴结转移（P=0.006）是患者术后的预后独立影响因素。结论：结直肠癌肺转移双镜一期手术切除可提高患者的总生存率;肺转移瘤数量及有无纵膈淋巴结转移是影响术后预后的独立因素。

     

Ⅳ期结直肠癌78例的手术治疗及预后因素分析

目的探讨Ⅳ期结直肠癌姑息性手术治疗效果和影响预后的因素.方法回顾性分析1999年8月至2004年3月诊治的78例Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者的临床病理资料.结果姑息性手术治疗组73例,未手术组5例.全组患者中位生存时间11个月.单因素分析显示：原发灶切除,肿瘤合并症,肿瘤转移范围,CEA水平,是否接受化疗等因素与预后相关.Cox多因素分析仅显示肿瘤多发性转移、CEA水平升高和未化疗是Ⅳ期结直肠癌的独立危险因素.分析53例无肿瘤外科合并症患者的预后因素,原发灶切除组和未切除组的中位生存时间分别是12个月和10个月,预后差异无统计学意义（P=0.1568）,而肿瘤转移范围,CEA水平,是否接受化疗是患者生存的独立相关因素.结论对结直肠癌原发肿瘤引起的肠梗阻、消化道出血等合并症者,应争取积极手术切除;无外科合并症患者切除原发肿瘤并不能改善Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者的预后.     

Surgical resection of colorectal recurrence of gastric cancer more than 5 years after primary resection

INTRODUCTION

Intestinal metastasis from gastric cancer is rare, although the most common cause of secondary neoplastic infiltration of the colon is gastric cancer. However, little data is available on recurrence or death in patients with gastric cancer surviving >5 years post-gastrectomy. Here we report two cases of lower intestinal metastasis from gastric cancer >5 years after primary resection and discuss with reference to the literature.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

Case 1: A 61-year-old man with a history of total gastrectomy for gastric cancer 9 years earlier was referred to our hospital with constipation and abdominal distention. We diagnosed primary colon cancer and subsequently performed extended left hemicolectomy. Histological examination revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma resembling the gastric tumor he had 9 years earlier. The patient refused postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and remained alive with cancerous peritonitis and skin metastases as of 17 months later. Case 2: A 46-year-old woman with a history of total gastrectomy for gastric cancer 9 years earlier presented with constipation. She also had a history of Krukenberg tumor 3 years earlier. We diagnosed metastatic rectal cancer and subsequently performed low anterior resection and hysterectomy. Pathological examination revealed poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, resembling the gastric tumor. The patient remained alive without recurrence as of 17 months later.

DISCUSSION

We found 19 reported cases of patients with resection of colon metastases from gastric cancer. Median disease-free interval was 74 months.

CONCLUSION

Resection of late-onset colorectal recurrence from gastric cancer appears worthwhile for selected patients.     

围手术期化疗与术后化疗对行手术切除晚期胃癌病人预后影响对比研究

目的 研究围手术期化疗与术后化疗对行手术切除晚期胃癌病人的预后影响。 方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2016年12月南方医科大学南方医院普通外科行胃切除手术治疗的Ⅳ期胃癌病人资料。其中,行手术切除联合术后辅助化疗228例（术后化疗组,A 组）,行术前化疗+手术切除+术后化疗49例（围手术期化疗组,B组）。采用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）均衡组间混杂因素的影响,选取8个协变量进行1∶1匹配 (性别、年龄、肿瘤生物学分类、化疗完成度、术后病理的肿瘤浸润深度分期、淋巴结转移分期、淋巴结清扫范围、胃切除范围),最终49例A组病人和49例B组病人成功进行匹配。采用Kaplan-Merier法进行生存分析,应用Cox比例风险回归模型对行手术切除的晚期胃癌病人进行独立生存危险因素的分析。 结果 匹配前,两组病人的肿瘤生物学分类（P<0.001）、化疗周期（P<0.001）、肿瘤浸润深度分期（P<0.001）、淋巴结转移分期（P=0.049）、淋巴结清扫范围（P=0.001）、胃切除范围（P=0.001）等差异有统计学意义,而匹配之后,仅有化疗完成度（P<0.001）在两组间差异有统计学意义,B组的化疗完成度优于A组。匹配之后,A组中位生存时间（MST）为16个月（95%CI 10.36～21.64）,与B组MST 29个月（95%CI 17.24～40.76）之间差异无统计学意义（P=0.191）。生存单因素分析显示,生物学分类、化疗周期、淋巴结转移情况和淋巴结清扫情况等四个因素可影响行手术切除晚期胃癌病人的生存预后,进一步多因素分析提示,化疗周期≤2次,淋巴结转移、淋巴结清扫范围不足D2等3个因素为独立预后不良因素。化疗与手术的先后次序（围手术期化疗相比术后化疗）并不影响病人生存预后（HR 0.986,95%CI 0.539～1.806,P=0.964）。 结论 相比术后化疗,围手术期化疗并不是改善行手术切除晚期胃癌病人生存预后的独立因素,但能够使病人有更好的化疗耐受性和依从性,从而使其生存显著优于术后开始化疗的病人。这可为后续晚期胃癌治疗的前瞻性研究设计提供参考和指导。     

Perioperative complications after hepatectomy with or without intra-arterial chemotherapy for bilobar colorectal cancer liver metastases

BACKGROUND: We investigated perioperative complications of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy preceding major hepatectomy for multiple bilobar colorectal cancer metastases. No consensus exists concerning operative feasibility or perioperative course in patients undergoing major liver resection with neoadjuvant chemotherapy--partly because such chemotherapy is considered hepatotoxic, increasing the risk of postoperative liver failure. METHODS: Clinicopathologic data were available for 41 consecutive patients with 5 or more bilobar liver metastases from colorectal cancer who underwent major liver resection with or without prior hepatic arterial chemotherapy. Data concerning operative feasibility, postoperative liver function, complication rates, and histologic findings in the non-neoplastic liver were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Prehepatectomy and postoperative day 1 platelet counts were lower (P < .01 and P < .05), alkaline phosphatase on postoperative day 3 was higher (P < .01), and prothrombin time on day 1 was more prolonged (P < .01) in the chemotherapy group. No significant difference was seen between groups in intraoperative data, morbidity, or duration of hospitalization. Histologic examination of adjacent non-neoplastic liver confirmed mild to severe fatty degeneration in 91% of the patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, compared with 53% in those without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = .023). Although the number of neoplasms in chemotherapy patients was greater than that of the other group, overall and disease-free survival rates were comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite mild postoperative liver dysfunction, pre-resection hepatic arterial chemotherapy did not increase morbidity.     

结直肠癌根治术后肺转移的危险因素分析

目的了解结直肠癌根治术后单纯肺转移的危险因素,以提高高危患者随访的针对性和早诊率。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2006年12月间在北京大学肿瘤医院行结直肠癌根治术的268例患者的临床病理及术后随访资料,其中16例（6．0％）患者术后出现单纯性肺转移。采用单因素和多因素分析筛选结直肠癌根治术后肺转移的高危因素。结果16例术后单纯肺转移患者中单侧肺转移10例,双侧肺转移6例;原发灶根治术后至诊断肺转移的中位时间为13．9月;81.3％（13／16）的肺转移患者是经胸部增强CT诊断。单因素分析显示：术前CEA水平、原发肿瘤部位、TNM分期及术后辅助化疗与术后肺转移有关（均P〈0．05）。多因素分析显示,原发肿瘤部位（P=0．003,OR=5．503,95％CI：1．794—16．884）和术前CEA水平（P=0．019,OR=4．319,95％CI：1．269—14．692）是结直肠癌根治术后肺转移的独立危险因素。结论直肠癌和术前CEA水平异常增高是结直肠癌根治术后肺转移的高危因素,对这部分患者术后要加强随访,常规行胸部增强CT检查。     

术中失血量对胃癌根治术后腹膜复发的预测价值

目的 讨论术中失血量与进展期胃癌根治术后复发率及预后的关系.方法 自2003年1月至2005年12月收治行根治性手术的进展期胃癌患者157例,收集术中失血量、肿瘤浸润深度(T期)、术后化疗、淋巴结转移情况、围手术期输血、术后肿瘤复发情况及生存时间等资料,观察术中失血量对术后肿瘤复发及生存时间的影响.结果 腹膜复发组术中失血量(517±287)ml高于无腹膜复发组(372±253)ml(P＜0.05);T3-4组、围手术期输血组、术后未行化疗组和淋巴结未见转移组术后出现腹膜复发患者术中失血量分别为(522±270)ml、(539±331)ml、(516±322)ml、(513±343)ml,显著高于同组中未出现腹膜复发者[(371±276)ml、(347±248)ml、(290±211)ml、(353±249)ml](P＜0.05).多因素logistics回归分析:进展期胃癌患者淋巴结转移、术中出血和术后化疗情况与根治术后腹膜复发相关(P＜0.05);术中失血量≤400 ml组的生存时间长于术中失血量＞400ml组,两者相比差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 术中失血量是进展期胃癌根治术后腹膜复发的重要预测指标之一.     

Major hepatectomy for metastasis of colorectal cancer improves survival in the elderly

OBJECTIVE: Assessing impact of major liver resection (LR) for hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer (HMCC) on post operative courses and long term survival in the elderly. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Thirty-three consecutive patients aged over 70 years-old were treated in our institution for up to 3 resectable metachronous HMCC. Fifteen patients had major LR (9 right hepatectomy, 3 extended right hepatectomy, 3 left hepatectomy) without pre or postoperative chemotherapy (group 1) and 18 patients were exclusively treated by chemotherapy (group 2) because of high ASA score (ASA 3) or patients refusal. RESULTS: No patients died of another cause that colorectal cancer disease during observation time. All patients of group 2 died during observation time. Post operative mortality and morbidity of group 1 were respectively 0% and 33%. Survival at 1 and 2 years of group 1-2 were respectively 73-50% (P=0,04) and 47-15% (P=0,05). Median survival of group 1 and 2 were respectively 22 and 12 months (P=0,03). CONCLUSIONS: Major LR for HMCC could be proposed regardless the age. High ASA score, multiple (more than 4) metastasis location, evolutive disease could justify an exclusive medical approach.     

Outcome of Patients with Known Metastatic Gastric Cancer Undergoing Resection with Therapeutic Intent

Background Metastatic gastric cancer has a dismal prognosis. We identified a subset of patients where surgical resection with therapeutic intent was undertaken in the setting of known metastatic disease. Methods Review of a prospectively maintained database of gastric cancer patients at a single institution over a 19-year period was performed. Results Thirty-seven patients with metastatic disease known prior to resection with therapeutic intent were identified out of 3384 patients with gastric cancer (1%). Twelve patients had positive peritoneal cytology as the only evidence of metastasis, 21 had gross metastasis limited to peritoneal surfaces, one had peritoneal and ovarian metastasis, one had liver metastasis, one had retropancreatic lymph node metastasis, and one had a malignant pleural effusion. Thirty-six patients (97%) received chemotherapy prior to resection, and 30 (81%) received postoperative chemotherapy. The median time from diagnosis to resection was 4.5 months (range 1–22) in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy. Median survival was 12 months after resection with no three-year survivors. Predictors of worse prognosis were cytologic or pathologic evidence of persistent metastatic disease at the time of resection or at laparoscopy within six weeks of resection (P < .01), N3 disease (P = .03), and total gastrectomy or additional organ resection (P = .04). Metastatic disease as evidenced by cytology only was not associated with improved prognosis. Conclusions Highly selected patients with metastatic gastric cancer undergoing surgical resection with therapeutic intent have a relatively poor prognosis. Persistent detectable metastatic disease after preoperative chemotherapy portends a particularly poor prognosis.     

Postoperative chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer.

The relationship between postoperative chemotherapy and survival time after gastric resection in patients with advanced gastric cancer was examined by retrospectively reviewing data on 916 patients treated in our clinics between 1965 and 1985. Of these patients, 738 were treated postoperatively with antitumor drugs. Postoperative chemotherapy was more often prescribed for those in the advanced stages of malignancy. Univariate analysis revealed that the survival time of patients given postoperative chemotherapy was shorter than for those not receiving chemotherapy, but there was no statistical significance. Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, and other covariants indicated that operative curability, liver metastasis, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, and tumor size were the important prognostic factors. There was no correlation with postoperative chemotherapy. Our findings rule out any relationship between postoperative chemotherapy and length of survival time for patients with advanced gastric cancer undergoing gastric resection.     

Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Resectable Synchronous and Metachronous Colorectal Liver Metastasis

Introduction Hepatic resection may offer long-term survival for patients with colorectal metastases. However, controversies exist regarding the prognostic factors. Herein, the impact of synchronicity of liver metastasis on patient clinicopathological features and prognosis was evaluated. Methods One hundred and fifty-five patients who underwent hepatectomy for colon cancer metastasis, from 1995 to 2004, were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: synchronous and metachronous colorectal liver metastasis. Patient demographics, the nature of the primary and metastatic tumors, surgery-related complications, and long-term outcome were analyzed. Results Patients included in the synchronous group tended to be younger than those in the metachronous group. Compared to the metachronous group, patients in the synchronous group showed more metastases (P = 0.008) and bilobarly distributed metastases (P = 0.016). Bile leakage was the most common surgical complication. The estimated 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 16.8 and 41.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that synchronous metastases, advanced stage of the primary tumor, bilobar distribution of the metastases, more than three metastases, and colonic versus rectal location of the primary tumor were prognostic factors of shorter disease-free survival, but not overall survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that synchronous metastases and the advanced stage of the primary tumor were indicators for a worse disease-free survival. Conclusion The synchronous presence of primary colon cancer and liver metastasis may indicate a more disseminated disease status and is associated with a shorter disease-free survival than metachronous metastasis. These patients may need more careful monitoring and aggressive chemotherapy following curative resection.     

Evaluation of the necessity of primary tumor resection for synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer

Purpose

We evaluated the need for primary tumor resection in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and synchronous unresectable metastases who underwent chemotherapy, and identified the associations between the primary tumor characteristics and risk of intestinal obstruction or perforation.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the survival and complication rates of patients with synchronous metastatic CRC treated between April 2005 and December 2011.

Results

Of 131 patients, 68 underwent primary tumor resection before chemotherapy, and 63 were treated without resection before chemotherapy. The overall survival (OS) did not significantly differ between the two groups (log-rank P = 0.53). In the resection group, 12 patients (17.6 %) developed postoperative complications. In the non-resection group, 16 patients (25.4 %) required surgical intervention owing to obstruction or perforation during their treatment. Surgical intervention did not affect the OS. A circumferential tumor was a risk factor for obstruction or perforation of the colorectum in non-resected patients (odds ratio = 11.163; P = 0.006).

Conclusion

Resection of primary tumors before chemotherapy is unnecessary in selected patients with synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer. A circumferential tumor is a risk factor for obstruction or perforation during chemotherapy in cases without primary tumor resection.     

胰腺癌术后预后因素的探讨

目的　探讨胰腺癌术后影响预后的因素。方法　回顾分析 72例行手术治疗的胰腺癌病人的临床病理特点、手术方式和术后化疗效果 ,分析术后生存时间之间的差异。结果　 72例胰腺癌病人 ,淋巴结无转移组与淋巴结转移组相比较 ,前者的生存率显著增高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;同样 ,无远隔脏器转移组、肿瘤细胞呈高分化组、行根治术组、术后化疗组与他们各自对照组相比较 ,生存率均显著增高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,而且在进展期癌也得到相同结果 ;但肿瘤大小与生存率无差异 (P=0 .2 193)。结论　有无淋巴结转移和远隔脏器转移、肿瘤细胞的分化度是判断胰腺癌术后预后的重要因素 ,根治性手术和术后适当化疗是延长胰腺癌患者生存时间的有效途径     

Lung metastasectomy for postoperative colorectal cancer in patients with a history of hepatic metastasis

Objectives

Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of pulmonary metastasectomy for postoperative colorectal cancer with hepatic metastasis, and to investigate the role of clinicopathological factors as predictors of outcome.

Methods

Consecutive patients undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer with (group PH, n = 27) or without (group P, n = 46) a history of hepatic metastasis were included in the study. Clinicopathological variables, including sex, age, site, carcinoembryonic antigen in the primary tumor, disease-free interval, prior hepatic resection, timing of pulmonary metastases, preoperative chemotherapy, type of pulmonary resection, and number, size, and location of pulmonary metastases were retrospectively collected and investigated for prognostic significance.

Results

Five-year survival rates were 59.5 and 70.0 % for patients with and without a history of hepatic metastasis, respectively; these values did not differ significantly. Among all investigated prognostic variables, sex and number of pulmonary metastases (1 vs. >1) were the most important factors affecting the outcome after colorectal and pulmonary resection. There was no significant difference in overall survival whether it was calculated from the time of resection of the primary colorectal cancer or of pulmonary metastases.

Conclusions

Pulmonary resection is not contraindicated in clinical practice. Significant factors indicating a good prognosis were female sex and the number of pulmonary metastases. Special attention should be paid to comparison of survival among studies.     

SOX新辅助化疗在进展期胃癌的治疗体会

目的 观察奥沙利铂联合替吉奥（SOX方案）新辅助化疗对进展期胃癌手术切除率及临床疗效的影响。方法 选取青海省人民医院和南方医科大学附属花都医院2016年5月~2019年7月收治的40例无远处转移的进展期胃癌患者,根据治疗方法的不同分为化疗组（n=20）与非化疗组（n=20）,两组都给予常规手术治疗,化疗组在此基础上给予SOX方案化疗。观察如下指标：化疗组比较化疗前后胃壁、局部淋巴结、门静脉癌栓影像学表现;术中比较两组之间幽门不全梗阻、胃壁组织水肿情况及肿瘤与周围组织的粘连情况;术后比较两组手术切除率、术中出血量、淋巴结转移、平均住院日、R0切除情况及术后肿瘤TNM分期情况。结果 化疗组化疗后胃壁变薄,肿瘤缩小,周围肿大淋巴结减少缩小,门静脉癌栓明显好转;与对照组相比,化疗组术中的幽门不全梗阻、胃壁组织水肿情况、肿瘤与周围组织的粘连情况较非化疗组获得了明显的改善（P<0.05）;化疗组的术后切除率高、淋巴结转移少、手术平均住院日短,且提高了R0切除率并降低了术后TNM分期,两组之间差别均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对于术前评估分期在ⅢA~Ⅵ期无远处转移的进展期胃癌患者,SOX新辅助化疗方案可显著提高根治性手术切除率,且患者耐受性良好。