恶性骨肿瘤患者外周血单核细胞体外诱生NO和TNF-α的测定

分离１５例恶性骨肿瘤患者和１２例健康志愿者的外周血单核细胞，经脂多糖诱生培养４８ｈ，收集上清液；用Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ法及ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定其一氧化氮（ＮＯ）及肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）的含量。结果发现：恶性骨肿瘤组ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ－α明显高于正常对照组，且二者呈高度正相关（ｒ＝０．８９０９，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示恶性骨肿瘤患者体内活化巨噬细胞产生的ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ－α可能与恶性骨肿瘤的发病机制有关     

一氧化氮和肿瘤坏死因子—α在子宫内膜异位症发病中的作用

目的 探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）在子宫内膜异位症（内异症）发病中的作用。方法 分离内异症患者外周血单个核细胞,体外经脂多糖、植物血凝素诱生,培养,４８ｈ收集上清液,用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定ＴＮＦ－α的含量,用Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ法测定反映一化氮（ＮＯ）水平的亚硝酸盐及硝酸盐含量的比值（ＮＯ２＾－／ＮＯ３＾－）结果 内异症患者外周血单个核细胞诱生ＴＮＦ－α的含量轻度组为（３．４７±０．３     

结核性与新型隐球菌性脑膜炎脑脊液中NO,TNF-α及IL-8水平

对结核性脑膜炎（结脑）和新型隐球菌性脑膜炎（隐脑）患者脑脊液中一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）及白细胞介素８（ＩＬ－８）的含量进行测定。结果发现：结脑和隐脑患者脑脊液中ＮＯ－２／ＮＯ－３浓度及ＴＮＦ－α，ＩＬ－８含量均显著高于正常脑脊液。结果提示ＮＯ，ＴＮＦ－α及ＩＬ－８参与中枢神经系统感染的炎症过程。     

结核性与新型隐球菌性膜炎脑脊液中的NO,TNF—α及IL—8水平

对结核性脑膜炎（结脑）和新型隐球菌性脑膜炎（隐脑）患者脑脊液中一氧化氮（ＮＯ）肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）及白细胞介素８（ＩＬ－８）的含量进行研究，结果发现：离和隐脑患者脑脊液中的ＮＯ＾－２／ＮＯ＾－３浓度及ＴＮＦ－α，ＩＬ－８含量均显著高于正常脑脊液，结果提示ＮＯ，ＴＮＦ－α及ＩＬ－８参与中枢神经系统感染的炎症过程。     

慢性肝病病人外周血中NO和TNF-α含量的检测

（１）目的 探讨慢性肝病病人外周血中一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）含量的变化及其意义。（２）方法 采用Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ法和双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定１１例慢性迁延性肝炎（ＣＰＨ）、１２例慢性活动性肝炎（ＣＡＨ）、１７例肝硬化（ＬＣ）病人外周血中ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ－α的含量，并与３３例正常人进行了比较。（３）结果 慢性肝病病人血清中ＴＮＦ－α与ＮＯ明显高于对照组（ｔ＝２．３７７￣７．０７４，Ｐ     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病一氧化氮,肿瘤坏死因子研究

目的：了解老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者血清肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦα）和一氧化氮（ＮＯ）的相互关系,探讨在临床发病中的作用。方法：测定老年ＣＯＰＤ急性加重期患者４５例,稳定期３５例及健康人１５例血清ＴＮＦα、ＮＯ２＾－水平。ＴＮＦα测定用ＥＬＩＳＡ法,ＮＯ２＾－测定用萘乙烯二胺盐酸盐比色法。结果老年ＣＯＰＤ患者急性期血清ＴＮＦα、ＮＯ２＾－均显著高于ＣＯＰＤ稳定期及健康人（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＴＮ     

肝硬变患者血清一氧化氮和肿瘤坏死因子水平的变化

目的 观察一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦα）与乙肝后肝硬变（ＰＨＣ）２病情变化的关系,方法 将４２例乙肝后肝硬变患者按Ｃｈｉｌｄ－Ｐｕｇｈ分级法分成Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三组,检测各组患者血清ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ－α水平,并以２０例健康献血员作为对照组。结果 ＰＨＣ组血清ＮＯ、ＴＮＦ－α含量明显高于对照组,且按Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ各组依次递增,各组间有性差异,ＮＯ与ＴＮＦ－α呈直线正相关。结论 肝硬变时ＮＯ和ＴＮＦ     

肺癌患者肺泡巨噬细胞抗肿瘤免疫功能研究

用镀铜镉还原法、放射免疫法、比色法、酶标双抗体夹心法及逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）研究肺癌患者肺泡巨噬细胞（ＡＭ）抗肿瘤免疫功能状态。结果显示肺癌患者荷瘤侧肺ＢＡＬＦ中ＮＯ，ＡＭ培养上清中ＮＯ和ＴＮＦα活性低于非荷瘤侧肺与对照组，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ活性高于对照组；经ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ刺激后ＡＭ培养上清中ＮＯ，ＴＮＦα及ＳＯＤ活性增强，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平降低；两组ＡＭ ｉＮＯＳ ｍＲＮＡ表达强度明显弱于     

47例妊高征患者单核细胞的细胞因子及一氧化氮测定

目的：了解妊高征患者外周血单核细胞产生的细胞因子及 ＮＯ浓度的变化,探讨其与妊高征发病的关系。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法及镀铜镉还原法（Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ法）分别检测 ４７例妊高征患者外周血单核细胞培养的上清液内白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）、白细胞介素－８（ＩＬ－８）、肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）及一氧化氮（ＮＯ）水平,３０例正常妊娠妇女作对照。结果：妊高征组 ＩＬ－６、ＩＬ－８及 ＴＮＦ－α水平明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,妊高征轻、中、重三组间水平二异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而妊高征组ＮＯ水平明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,轻、中、重三组间ＮＯ水平差异有显著性Ｐ＜０．０１）。妊高征组 ＴＮＦ－α水平与 ＮＯ－２／ＮＯ－３ 比值呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．７７２,Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：妊高征患者体内单核细胞产生过多的 ＩＬ－６、ＩＬ－８、ＴＮＦ－α及 ＮＯ产生减少,可能参与妊高征的发病过程。     

肺癌患者肺泡巨噬细胞抗肿瘤免疫功能研究

用镀铜镉还原法、放射免疫法、比色法、酶标双抗体夹心法及逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）研究肺癌患者肺泡巨噬细胞（ＡＭ）抗肿瘤免疫功能状态。结果显示肺癌患者荷瘤侧肺ＢＡＬＦ中ＮＯ，ＡＭ培养上清中ＮＯ和ＴＮＦα活性低于非荷瘤侧肺与对照组，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ活性高于对照组；经ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ刺激后ＡＭ培养上清中ＮＯ，ＴＮＦα及ＳＯＤ活性增强，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平降低；两组ＡＭｉＮＯＳｍＲＮＡ表达强度明显弱于对照组。表明肺癌患者机体免疫功能及肿瘤局部ＡＭ抗肿瘤功能均存在不均一性缺陷。     

二维超声与彩色多普勒超声联合应用诊断骨肿瘤的价值探讨

目的：探讨二维超声与彩色多普勒超声联合应用诊断骨肿瘤的临床价值。方法随机选取我院骨肿瘤患者80例,均行二维超声及彩色多普勒超声检查,对比联合超声诊断与病理诊断结果,分析良恶性肿瘤血流分布及血流参数情况。结果超声联合诊断结果显示恶性骨肿瘤57例,良性骨肿瘤23例,符合率为91.25%。恶性肿瘤血流分布主要为2级和3级,而良性肿瘤分布主要为0级和1级（P<0.05）。恶性肿瘤患者Vmax,Vmin 明显高于良性患者,恶性肿瘤患者 RI 和 PI 明显低于良性患者（P<0.05）。结论二维联合彩色多普勒超声诊断可改善对骨肿瘤的显像效果,提高诊断准确率。     

An analysis of DNA content in 405 cases of human tumor by flow cytometry]

This study was intended to evaluate the relationship between the DNA content of cell cycle and the histology in human tumors. We detected the DNA content in 405 cases of fresh human tumor tissue by means of flow cytometry and observed the histology of tumor with light microscopy. The occurrences of aneuploidy in 22 cases of benign tumor and 383 cases of malignant tumor were 27% and 52% respectively. There were differences in aneuploidy in different histologic types of tumor. The aneuploidy in adenocarcinoma was about 50%, that in sarcoma was more than 37%, and that in squamous carcinoma less than 17%. S > or = 10, G2/m > or = 10 or S > or = 20, G2/m > or = 5 were present in malignant tumors, but were not found in benign tumors. The results suggest that there is obvious difference in the occurrences of aneuploidy in benign and malignant tumors and in different histologic type of tumor(P < 0.05). Benign and malignant tumor may be distinguished when SPF and G2/m reach a higher level (P < 0.01).     

Preliminary study of 3T 1H MR spectroscopy in bone and soft tissue tumors

Background Magnetic resonance spectroscopy （MRS） is one method that can examine noninvasively the alive specimen of the organ, metabolism of the organ and cell, and the biochemistry change. MRS provides the biochemistry information that may be used to diagnose tumors or differentiate the malignant tumor from benign. The objective of this study is to investigate the benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors by 1H-MR spectroscopy （^1H-MRS） on a 3 Tesla MR scanner, then to assess the usefulness of ^1H-MRS in diagnosing bone and soft tissue tumors and distinguishing benign from malignant tumors.
Methods Fifty-six patients with bone and soft tissue tumors proved clinically and pathologically were examined with ^1H-MRS. ^1H-MRS was performed to study malignant musculoskeletal tumors, benign tumors and normal muscle adjacent to lesions to analyze the characteristics, and single-voxel point-resolved spectroscopy sequence was used. Proton brain exam-single voxel of ^1H-MRS which directly appeared in the spectrum, was observed to find the peak height of choline compounds （Cho） opposite to the creatine （Cr）, and whether there was a Cho peak. Metabolite values were calculated automatically from the area under each metabolite peak by the Functool 3.1 software. Metabolite ratios of Cho/Cr were manually calculated. Then according to the results, it was judged whether there existed benign or malignant tumors. The Kappa statistical test was used to analyze the MRS results, the histopathology data and the surgical situation. Statistics processing was performed using the software packaqe SPSS11.5 for Windows.
Results ^1H-MRS spectra style of bone and soft tissue tumors was different from that of normal muscle, and differences also existed between benign and malignant tumors. Choline level in malignant tumor was markedly higher than that in benign tumors. Cho/Cr in malignant tumor was higher than in benign tumor significantly （P〈0.05）. The true positive rate of bone and soft tissue between benign and malignant tumors was 34/36, the true negative rate was 15/18, the false positive rate was 3/18 and the false negative rate was 2/36. Therefore in the group, sensitivity of the ^1H-MRS was 94% （34/36）, specificity was 83% （15/18）, positive predictive value was 92% （34/37）, negative predictive value was 88% （15/17） and the accuracy rate was 91% （49/54）. The MRS results and the histopathology inspection conclusions had very good uniformity. The K value was 0.76±0.10 （P 〈0.01）.
Conclusions The increase of Cho level measured by ^1H-MRS is related to the bone and soft tissue malignant tumor. Cho/Cr in malignant tumor was higher than in benign tumor, so they will play a vital role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bone and soft tissue tumors.     

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of bone tumor of the knee and its clinical implication

The tumor of knee is a relatively common dis-ease and can be divided into bone tumor of knee andsoft tissue tumor of knee,mainly consisting of bonetumor in distal femurand proximaltibia,cystofknee( including popliteal cyst,cyst of meniscus,ganglioncyst and so on) ,neurilemmoma and hemangioma,etc.It has been already reported about ultrasono-graphic diagnosis of the cystof knee[1] ,butthe diag-nosisof the bone tumor of knee generally depends onX- ray,CT or MRI.This study analyzed the resultsof…     

彩色多普勒超声在乳腺良恶性病灶诊断中的应用

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声在乳腺良、恶性病灶诊断中的应用。方法:168例患者经彩色多普勒超声检查及观察二维超声图谱特征、普勒血流成像(CDFI),与病理学的结果进行对照,统计误诊率等。结果:本研究168例病例当中,良性肿瘤为110例,占65.5%;恶性肿瘤为58例,占34.5%。在110良性肿瘤当中,与病理诊断符合的共有98例,误诊12例,符合率89.1%;58例恶性肿瘤中,正确诊断48例,误诊10例,符合率82.8%,良性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤误诊率之间,差异无统计学意义,(X2=1.13,P>0.05)。CDFI结果表明,良性肿瘤Ⅰ级发生率明显高于恶性肿瘤Ⅰ级(X2=4.07,P<0.05)。对于Ⅱ级,良性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤发生率无显著性差异(X2=1,P>0.05)。良性肿瘤Ⅲ级发生率明显低于恶性肿瘤,结果有统计学意义(X2=4.07,P<0.05)。乳腺肿块二维声像图谱特征显示,与恶性肿瘤相比,良性肿瘤形态更为规则(X2=62.67,P<0.01)、肿瘤包膜更为多见(X2=69.56,P<0.01)、内部回声更为均匀(X2=85.16,P<0.01)、斑点钙化情况更少(X2=116.17,P<0.01)、探头加压后变形率更高(X2=75.86,P<0.01)。结论:彩色多普勒对良、恶性肿瘤的诊断价值较高,其能够快速、准确且全面的反应血管的分布及血流情况,与二维超声结合可提高乳腺癌的诊断率。     

单核细胞趋化蛋白-1在恶性骨肿瘤中高表达

目的探讨单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(monocyte chemotactic protein-1,MCP-1)在人转移性骨肿瘤、恶性原发性骨肿瘤、良性骨肿瘤组织中差异性表达及其意义。方法 2008年12月至2010年9月期间,收集转移性骨肿瘤15例、原发性恶性骨肿瘤15例、良性骨肿瘤15例,总共45例骨肿瘤标本。半定量RT-PCR检测各组MCP-1 mRNA的表达水平。应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测MCP-1蛋白的表达水平、Image-Pro Plus(IPP)分析标本中阳性细胞的累积光密度值和阳性表达面积。结果转移性骨肿瘤组MCP-1 mRNA相对表达量(0.862±0.042)高于恶性原发组(0.612±0.051)和良性组(0.171±0.021)(P<0.05)。转移性骨肿瘤组织中MCP-1免疫组化累积光密度(4 532.12±190.02)和阳性面积[(513.32±89.08)μm2]均高于原发性恶性骨肿瘤组[(2 592.11±120.21)、(308.34±79.33)μm2]和良性骨肿瘤组[(551.22±79.12)、(115.91±32.68)μm2],且其在原发恶性组中的表达水平也高于良性组(P<0.05)。结论 MCP-1在恶性骨肿瘤中高表达,在转移性骨肿瘤表达更显著。     

骨关节肿瘤450例分析

目的:探讨骨关节肿瘤及瘤样病变的发病情况及好发率、好发部位与性别年龄的差异性。方法:选取骨关节肿瘤及瘤样病变患者450例,按类别、发生部位、性别、年龄进行统计分析。结果:良性骨肿瘤患者215例(47.78%),好发于骨软骨瘤病(77例,35.81%);恶性骨肿瘤患者178例(39.56%),好发于转移瘤(80例,44.94%);骨瘤样病变25例(5.56%),好发于单纯性骨囊肿(9例,36%);关节肿瘤及瘤样病变患者32例(7%),好发于腱鞘巨细胞瘤(12例,37.5%);结论:骨关节肿瘤良性多于恶性,男性多于女性。     

MRI对原发恶性骨肿瘤跨骶髂关节侵犯的临床诊断价值

目的探讨MRI对原发恶性骨肿瘤跨骶髂关节侵犯的临床诊断价值。方法将2014年7月至2018年7月我院收治的85例原发恶性骨肿瘤患者作为研究对象,其中高度恶性52例、低度恶性33例,髂骨60例、骶骨25例。分析MRI对原发恶性骨肿瘤跨关节侵犯的诊断价值,及不同部位、不同病理跨关节侵犯的发生率情况。结果85例原发恶性骨肿瘤患者手术病理显示跨骶髂关节侵犯21例,MRI检查检出20例,诊断符合率为98.82%(84/85),诊断敏感性为95.24%(20/21),特异性为100.0%(64/64)。高度恶性、低度恶性跨关节侵犯率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。髂骨、骶骨跨关节侵犯的方式差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高度恶性、低度恶性跨关节侵犯的方式无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论MRI对原发恶性骨肿瘤跨关节侵犯诊断价值高,恶性程度越高,跨关节侵犯率也越高,而侵犯方式与肿瘤部位、肿瘤病理恶性程度无关,值得临床选择。     

骨和软组织肿瘤中明胶酶的定位与活性分析

为探讨明胶酶（ＭＭＰ－２和ＭＭＰ－９０在间叶肿瘤的浸润与转移中的意义,用免疫组化和酶谱分析的方法,对多种病理分类的４５例骨和软组织肿瘤中,ＭＭＰ－２和ＭＭＰ－９的表达和活性进行了检测。结果发现骨和软组织来源的恶性肿瘤中,ＭＭＰ－２和ＭＭＰ－９的阳性表达率和活性均高于良性肿瘤和正常组织。