High order aberration and straylight evaluation after cataract surgery with implantation of an aspheric, aberration correcting monofocal intraocular lens

AIM:To evaluate the quality of vision in respect to high order aberrations and straylight perception after implantation of an aspheric, aberration correcting, monofocal intraocular lens (IOL).METHODS:Twenty-one patients (34 eyes) aged 50 to 83y underwent cataract surgery with implantation of an aspheric, aberration correcting IOL (Tecnis ZCB00, Abbott Medical Optics). Three months after surgery they were examined for uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), contrast sensitivity (CS) under photopic and mesopic conditions with and without glare source, ocular high order aberrations (HOA, Zywave II) and retinal straylight (C-Quant).RESULTS:Postoperatively, patients achieved a postoperative CDVA of 0.0 logMAR or better in 97.1% of eyes. Mean values of high order abberations were +0.02±0.27 (primary coma components) and -0.04±0.16 (spherical aberration term). Straylight values of the C-Quant were 1.35±0.44 log which is within normal range of age matched phakic patients. The CS measurements under mesopic and photopic conditions in combination with and without glare did not show any statistical significance in the patient group observed (P≥0.28).CONCLUSION:The implantation of an aspherical aberration correcting monofocal IOL after cataract surgery resulted in very low residual higher order aberration (HOA) and normal straylight.     

Implantation of refractive multifocal intraocular lens with a surface-embedded near section for cataract eyes complicated with a coexisting ocular pathology

Purpose

To evaluate the postoperative outcomes of cataract eyes complicated with coexisting ocular pathologies that underwent implantation of a refractive multifocal intraocular lens (MIOL) with a surface-embedded near section.

Methods

LENTIS MPlus (Oculentis GmbH) refractive MIOLs were implanted in 15 eyes with ocular pathologies other than cataract (ie, six high-myopia eyes with an axial length longer than 28 mm, two fundus albipunctatus eyes, two branch retinal-vein occlusion eyes, four glaucoma eyes (one with high myopia), and two keratoconus eyes). Uncorrected or corrected distance and near visual acuity (VA) (UDVA, UNVA, CDVA, and CNVA), contrast sensitivity, and defocus curve were measured at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively, and each patient completed a 6-month postoperative questionnaire regarding vision quality and eyeglass use.

Results

Thirteen eyes (87%) registered 0 or better in CDVA and 12 eyes (73%) registered better than 0 in CNVA. Contrast sensitivity in the eyes of all patients was comparable to that of normal healthy subjects. No patient required eyeglasses for distance vision, but three patients (20%) required them for near vision. No patient reported poor or very poor vision quality.

Conclusion

With careful case selection, sectorial refractive MIOL implantation is effective for treating cataract eyes complicated with ocular pathologies.     

多焦点人工晶状体与非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床研究

目的客观与主观检测结合评价非球面设计的多焦点与单焦点人工晶状体植入术后的视觉质量。方法132例（207只眼）白内障患者分别植入非球面的多焦点人工晶状体AcrySof IQ ReSTOR IOL和单焦点人工晶状体AcrySof IQ IOL。记录患者手术后的裸眼远、近视力,矫正远、近视力。术后3个月检测患者明视、暗视和暗视眩光状态的对比敏感度。采用VF-14（Visual function-14）视功能和生存质量调查问卷评价患者主观的视觉质量。结果术后两组裸眼远视力（t=0．61,P〉0．05）最佳矫正近视力（t=1．877,P〉0．05）差异无统计学意义。非矫正近视力多焦点组优于单焦点组（t=11．38,P〈0．001）,单焦点组在明光、暗光、暗光眩光条件下各空间频率对比敏感度均高于多焦点组,明光条件下3cpd和6cpd空间频率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,暗光眩光条件下中高频率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,两组无患者存在严重的视觉干扰现象。两组术后视远时脱镜率均大于98％,视近时脱镜率多焦点组为78．9％,单焦点组为10．9％。结论与单焦点人工晶状体相比,除了对比敏感度下降,多焦点人工晶状体能提供令人满意的术后视功能和生活质量,患者能获得较高的视觉质量。     

ReSTOR intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery: quality of vision

PURPOSE: To compare the visual outcome and subjective visual symptoms in patients who had implantation of the AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) with those in patients who received the AcrySof SA60AT monofocal IOL (Alcon Laboratories) in cataract surgery. SETTING: Southend Hospital, Essex, United Kingdom. METHODS: Eighty eyes of 40 patients received the ReSTOR multifocal IOL after cataract extraction. They were closely paired in age, sex, and ocular findings with patients who had monofocal IOL implantation during the same period. The distance and near visual acuities were compared, and patient satisfaction with their vision, visual symptoms, and spectacle dependence was assessed using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the mean uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuities between the groups. An uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/30 or better was achieved in 93.8% eyes in the multifocal group and 82.5% in the monofocal group and of 20/20 or better in 57.5% and 40.0%, respectively (P = .18). Uncorrected near visual acuity was 20/30 or better in 75.0% of eyes in the multifocal group and 3.8% in the monofocal group. Reading glasses were required by 2.5% in the multifocal group and by 92.5% in the monofocal group. Satisfactory uncorrected intermediate distance vision was achieved in 75.0% of eyes in the multifocal group and 87.5% in the monofocal group (P = .089); 85.0% of patients in the multifocal group and 7.5% in the monofocal group never had to wear glasses. Moderate glare was reported by 21.3% in the multifocal group and 7.5% in the monofocal group (P = .008); no patient reported severe glare. In the multifocal group, severe halos and moderate halos occurred in 3.8% [corrected] of eyes and 16.3% [corrected] of eyes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The AcrySof ReSTOR IOL provided predictably good uncorrected distance and uncorrected near acuities. Spectacle independence was significantly higher with this multifocal IOL, which outweighed the photic symptoms it caused.     

Mini-incision cataract surgery and toric lens implantation for the reduction of high myopic astigmatism in patients with pellucid marginal degeneration

Purpose

To evaluate the clinical outcomes, safety, and efficacy of cataract surgery with the implantation of a toric intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes with stable pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD).

Methods

Eleven eyes (eight patients) diagnosed as stable PMD and cataract underwent mini-incision 2.2 mm cataract surgery followed by the implantation of hydrophobic toric aspheric IOL (AcrySof IQ Toric IOL, Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA). Perioperative variables of interest included uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, manifest refraction, and corneal topography. Paired samples t-tests were used to analyze preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, astigmatism, and spherical equivalent (SE) parameters. Follow-up was 6 months.

Results

The mean CDVA was 0.62±0.26 logMAR preoperatively and 0.07±0.07 logMAR postoperatively. The mean preoperative sphere and cylinder was −3.14±3.58D and −4.84±2.02D, respectively. The mean postoperative manifest refractive sphere and cylinder was −0.30±0.51D and −0.81±1.51D, respectively. There was a significant reduction in refractive astigmatism after toric IOL implantation (P<0.002). The toric IOL axis rotation was <5° in all cases at the final follow-up.

Conclusions

Implantation of hydrophobic toric IOL was a safe and effective surgical procedure to correct mild to moderate stable PMD.     

Internal spherical aberration by ray tracing-type aberrometry in multifocal pseudophakic eyes

Purpose

To demonstrate the results of the ray tracing-type aberrometer in measuring spherical aberration (SA) in pseudophakic eyes with monofocal intraocular lens (IOL), aspheric monofocal IOL, or aspheric diffractive multifocal IOL.

Methods

Total, corneal, and internal SA were measured using iTrace at a 6-mm pupil size in 27 eyes of 27 patients implanted with a monofocal spherical IOL (group 1: Natural, SN60AT), 30 eyes of 30 patients implanted with a monofocal aspheric IOL (group 2: IQ, SN60WF), and 30 eyes of 30 patients implanted with a multifocal aspheric IOL (group 3: ReSTOR, SN6AD1) at 3 months after cataract surgery. We compared the internal SAs of these IOLs in pupil sizes of 3, 4, 5, and 6 mm.

Results

There were no demographic statistically significant differences among the groups. The internal SA of group 1 had a positive value. The internal SA of group 2 was −0.175±0.135 μm in 5-mm pupils and −0.227±0.253 μm in 6-mm pupils. The internal SA of group 3 was −0.072±0.128 μm in 5-mm pupils and −0.173±0.231 μm in 6-mm pupils.

Conclusion

Measuring internal SA with iTrace yields relatively accurate results in all types of IOLs with adequate pupil sizes.     

Assessment of visual outcomes of cataract surgery in Tujia nationality in Xianfeng County, China

AIM: To evaluate the visual outcome and factors influencing visual outcome of manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in the rural area in the Xianfeng County. METHODS: Eighty-two eyes of 82 patients who underwent cataract surgery performed by using MSICS technique were identified. Data collected included each patient’s age, gender, the level of education. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA) at presentation and at 1, 6, 8wk postoperatively, pre-existing eye disease, operative findings and complications, the risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS: In 82 patients, the average age was 69.6±0.6y, illiterate were 52 (63.4%). Of 82 eyes, pseudophakia was present in 77 eyes (93.9%). At 1wk postoperatively, 47 eyes (57.3%) had the UDVA of ≥6/18, and 52 eyes (63.4%) had the CDVA of ≥6/18. At 6 to 8wk postoperatively, 50 eyes (61.0%) had UDVA of ≥6/18, and 57 eyes (69.5%) had the CDVA of ≥6/18. Postoperative visual status was significantly related to the co-morbidities, such as corneal pathology, glaucoma (P<0.001). Operative complications, such as posterior capsule opacity and cystoid macular edema were main operative cause for the poor visual outcome. CONCLUSION: MSICS provides a good visual recovery in our study but the vision outcome did not fulfill the standards proposed by WHO, which highlights the need for an improvement in local socioeconomic understanding, population education and surgery quality.     

The Recovery of Optical Quality after Laser Vision Correction

Purpose

To evaluate the optical quality after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or serial photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) using a double-pass system and to follow the recovery of optical quality after laser vision correction.

Methods

This study measured the visual acuity, manifest refraction and optical quality before and one day, one week, one month, and three months after laser vision correction. Optical quality parameters including the modulation transfer function, Strehl ratio and intraocular scattering were evaluated with a double-pass system.

Results

This study included 51 eyes that underwent LASIK and 57 that underwent PRK. The optical quality three months post-surgery did not differ significantly between these laser vision correction techniques. Furthermore, the preoperative and postoperative optical quality did not differ significantly in either group. Optical quality recovered within one week after LASIK but took between one and three months to recover after PRK. The optical quality of patients in the PRK group seemed to recover slightly more slowly than their uncorrected distance visual acuity.

Conclusions

Optical quality recovers to the preoperative level after laser vision correction, so laser vision correction is efficacious for correcting myopia. The double-pass system is a useful tool for clinical assessment of optical quality.     

Optical quality of toric intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery

AIM: To analyze the optical quality after implantation of toric intraocular lens with optical quality analysis system. METHODS: Fifty-two eyes of forty-four patients with regular corneal astigmatism of at least 1.00 D underwent implantation of AcrySof toric intraocular lens, including T3 group 19 eyes, T4 group 18 eyes, T5 group 10 eyes, T6 group 5 eyes. Main outcomes evaluated at 3mo of follow-up, included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), residual refractive cylinder and intraocular lens (IOL) axis rotation. Objective optical quality were measured using optical quality analysis system (OQAS Ⅱ?, Visiometrics, Spain), included the cutoff frequency of modulation transfer function (MTFcutoff), objective scattering index (OSI), Strehl ratio, optical quality analysis system value (OV) 100%, OV 20% and OV 9% [the optical quality analysis system (OQAS) values at contrasts of 100%, 20%, and 9%]. RESULTS: At 3mo postoperative, the mean UDVA and CDVA was 0.18±0.11 and 0.07±0.08 logMAR; the mean residual refractive cylinder was 0.50±0.29 D; the mean toric IOL axis rotation was 3.62±1.76 degrees, the mean MTFcutoff, OSI, Strehl ratio, OV 100%, OV 20% and OV 9% were 22.862±5.584, 1.80±0.84, 0.155±0.038, 0.76±0.18, 0.77±0.19 and 0.78±0.21. The values of UDVA, CDVA, IOL axis rotation, MTFcutoff, OSI, Strehl ratio, OV100%, OV20% and OV9% depending on the power of the cylinder of the implantation were not significantly different (P>0.05), except the residual refractive cylinder (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The optical quality analysis system was useful for characterizing the optical quality of AcrySof toric IOL implantation. Implantation of an AcrySof toric IOL is an effective and safe method to correct corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery.     

Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity: AcrySof ReSTOR apodized diffractive versus AcrySof SA60AT monofocal intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To compare the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in eyes with the AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon) and eyes with the monofocal AcrySof SA60AT IOL. SETTING: Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Ophthalmology, Rome, and private clinical practice, Rome, Italy. METHODS: One hundred eyes had phacoemulsification cataract extraction and implantation of a ReSTOR multifocal IOL in the capsular bag. Inclusion criteria were corneal astigmatism less than 1.5 diopters (D), myopia less than 4.0 D, and no associated ocular disease. A complete ophthalmic examination, including uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity, was performed 6 months postoperatively. Results were compared with those in 40 eyes with the AcrySof monofocal IOL single-piece IOL. RESULTS: In the multifocal group, 90 eyes (90%) had an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/25 or better (logMAR<0.10) and an uncorrected near visual acuity at 35 cm of J3 or better (logMAR 0.14). The multifocal group and monofocal group had similar distance uncorrected and best corrected visual acuities; however, the multifocal group had significantly better near uncorrected acuity. The mean contrast sensitivity values were 18.28 dB (static program) and 17.95 dB (dynamic program) in the multifocal group and 19.18 dB (static program) and 21.2 dB (dynamic program) in the monofocal group. CONCLUSIONS: The ReSTOR multifocal IOL provided a satisfactory full range of vision; 92% of the patients achieved total spectacle independence. Contrast sensitivity was lower than with the SA60AT monofocal IOL.     

Predicting anatomical results of surgical treatment of idiopathic macular hole

AIM: To determine the parameters most informative in predicting the anatomical results of surgical treatment of idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (IMH). METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two consecutive patients (170 eyes) after primary operation for IMH were enrolled. Outcomes were classified as anatomical success when both IMH closure and restoration of the outer retinal structure were achieved. “Prospective” group included 108 patients (115 eyes) followed with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and microperimetry for 1y after surgery. Potential prognostic criteria, except microperimetry data, were tested in “retrospective” group (54 patients, 55 eyes). Prognostic value of each parameter was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Combined predictive power of the best prognostic parameters was tested with the use of linear discriminant analysis. RESULTS: IMH closure was achieved in 106 eyes (92%) in the prospective group and 49 eyes (89%) in the retrospective group. Despite anatomical closure, the outer retinal structure was not restored in two eyes in the first group and in one eye in the second group. Preoperative central subfield retinal thickness demonstrated the best discriminatory capability between eyes with anatomical success and failure: area under the ROC-curve (AUC) 0.938 (95% CI: 0.881-0.995), sensitivity 64% at fixed specificity 95% (cut-off value 300 µm) in the prospective group; sensitivity 57% and specificity 90% in the retrospective group. Other continuous parameters except tractional hole index (AUC: 0.796, 95% CI: 0.591-1.000) had significantly lower AUCs (P<0.05). The best combination of the parameters, established by discriminant analysis in the prospective group, could not confirm its predictive value in the retrospective group. CONCLUSION: Preoperative central subfield retinal thickness is a strong and probably the best predictor of anatomical results of IMH surgical treatment.     

非球面散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体在白内障中的临床观察

目的:通过对非球面矫正型多焦点人工晶状体与非球面人工晶状体的比较,探讨白内障超声乳化联合非球面散光矫正型人工晶状体植入术后患者的远近视力、剩余散光、视远脱镜率、视近脱镜率、视觉质量和患者满意度等情况.方法:选取2014-02/2016-06在我院确诊为年龄相关性白内障的患者46例48眼,实行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,分别植入AcrySof IQ ReSTOR Toric人工晶状体23例24眼作为试验组;AcrySof IQ 人工晶状体23例24眼作为对照组.术后随访6mo,观察两组患者术后裸眼远视力(UCDVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、裸眼近视力(UCNVA)、最佳矫正近视力(BCNVA)、剩余散光和术后患者视远脱镜率、视近脱镜率、患者对手术疗效的满意度.结果:术后1、3、6mo两组患者最佳矫正远视力和最佳矫正近视力无统计学差异(P>0.05),而裸眼远视力、裸眼近视力均有统计学差异(P<0.05).两组患者术后1wk,1、3、6mo的剩余散光差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后6mo时两组患者对疗效满意度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6mo视近视远脱镜率,试验组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:非球面散光矫正型人工晶状体具有良好的近附加和散光矫正,可为患者提高良好的裸眼远视力和裸眼近视力,明显提高患者术后的脱镜率和对疗效的满意度,是白内障术后患者尤其是散光伴有明显视近阅读需求患者的福音.     

Predictive factor and kappa angle analysis for visual satisfactions in patients with multifocal IOL implantation

Purpose

To evaluate the visual acuity and quality-related satisfaction of patients implanted with a refractive design multifocal intraocular lens (IOL), and evaluate the factors predicting it including angle kappa.

Setting

Dr Agarwal''s Eye Hospital and Eye Research Centre, Chennai.

Methods

In this prospective trial, 50 eyes of 44 consecutive patients were included. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with multifocal IOL implantation (Rezoom IOL, Abbott Medical Optics). The preoperative and postoperative assessment included slit lamp biomicroscopy, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and kappa angle assessment. At 1 year, 37 patients (43 eyes), who finished follow-up, were asked to rate their symptoms on a graded questionnaire (0–5 for five queries).

Results

The decimal scores for UCVA and BCVA were 0.38±0.21 and 0.47±0.17 (preoperative), and 0.75±0.22 and 0.99±0.11 (postoperative), respectively. Symptom scores were haloes 0.98±1.7, glare 0.69±1.48, blurred distance 1.0±1.7, intermediate 1.34±1.6, near 1.06±1.8. On regression analysis haloes depended on angle kappa and distance UCVA (R ²=0.26, P=0.029), and glare on angle kappa (R ²=0.26, P=0.033). Poor satisfactions with distance, intermediate, and near vision were linked with distance UCVA (R ²=0.17, P=2.3 × 10⁻⁴), distance UCVA (R ²=0.1, P=0.04), and near UCVA (R ²=0.12, P=0.03), respectively. The strongest predictor, however, for overall visual discomfort was distance UCVA (R ²=0.1, P=0.04).

Conclusions

Our study suggests that there may be a role of misalignment between the visual and pupillary axis (angle kappa) in the occurrence of photic phenomenon after refractive multifocal IOL implantation.     

非球面AcrySof ReSTOR +3D人工晶状体的临床应用观察

目的:与非球面AcrySof ReSTOR +4D人工晶状体比较,初步观察植入ReSTOR +3D和ReSTOR +4D人工晶状体眼的视功能,以评价非球面AcrySof ReSTOR +3D人工晶状体植入术后的效果。方法:全组36例40眼老年性白内障患者行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,术后3mo检查患者的裸眼远、中(60cm)、近视力(40cm),最佳矫正远视力和中、近视力,对比敏感度,进行生活问卷。结果:两组术后的远视力,近视力均无统计学差异(P>0.05),植入非球面AcrySof ReSTOR +3D人工晶状体组平均中距离视力比植入非球面AcrySof ReSTOR +4D人工晶状体组有显著提高(P<0.01)。结论:非球面AcrySof ReSTOR +3D人工晶状体在远、中、近距离均能提供良好的视力,尤其是中距离视力比+4D有了显著改善,有极高的患者满意度和脱镜率。     

多焦点与单焦点非球面人工晶状体植入后视觉质量的临床观察

目的 评价多焦点非球面阶梯渐进衍射型人工晶状体(IOL)植入术后患者的视觉质量.方法 前瞻性非随机对照研究.2008年1月到2009年1月于首都医科大学附属北京同仁眼科中心诊断为双眼白内障的患者50例(100只眼)分别植入单焦点非球面AcrySof IQ(SN60WF)或多焦点非球面AcrySof IQ ReSTOR(SN6AD3)IOL.记录两组患者手术前后裸眼远、近及中间距离视力,矫正远、近距离视力.术后6个月,检测患者明视和暗视、有或无眩光状态的对比敏感度并在正常瞳孔下检测波阵面相差.视功能和生存质量调查问卷评价患者主观的视觉功能.术前、术后及组间计量资料采用配对样本t检验.计数资料采用x2检验.结果 术后两组裸眼远视力(t=1.018,P=0.265),最佳矫正近视力(t=0.679,P=0.501),等效球镜度数(t=0.233,P=0.876)差异无统计学意义,最佳矫正远视力单焦点组较好(t=2.388,P=0.021).裸眼近视力多焦点组明显优于单焦点组(t=11.311,P=0.000),未矫正中间距离视力多焦点组则低于单焦点组(t=2.414,P=0.020).术后,多焦点组较单焦点组的总像差(F=5.169,P=0.041),总低阶像差(F=4.973,P=0.036),总高阶像差高(F=4.640,P=0.048),两组间离焦(F=0.862,P=0.358)散光(F=3.893,P=0.052),彗差(F=2.724,P=0.105),球差(F=1.743,P=0.055),三叶草差(F=3.014,P=0.109)差异无统计学意义.两组术后最佳镜片矫正的远距离对比敏感度在暗视无眩光6 c/d频段差异有统计学意义(t=2.16,P=0.041).在暗视有眩光3 c/d(t=2.329,P=0.029)和6 c/d(t=2.087,P=0.048)频段差异有统计学意义.两组术后视远时脱镜率均大于96%.看近时多焦点组16%(4/25),单焦点组60%(15/25)戴镜.日常总戴镜频率单焦与多焦点组分别为64%(16/25)和24%(6/25).主要视觉干扰中复视、夜间视物困难和眩光多焦点组比例较高,近距视物模糊单焦点组较多.结论 与单焦点IOL比较,多焦点IOL可提供更宽的焦距范围,因此患者裸眼近视力较好,阅读脱镜率较高,具有较好的视觉功能,但对比敏感度有所下降.     

衍射型多焦点人工晶状体眼对比敏感度和高阶像差研究

目的 对比研究衍射型多焦点和单焦点人工晶状体眼的对比敏感度和高阶像差.方法 所有患者按照植入的人工晶状体类型分成多焦组和单焦组.多焦组植入衍射型多焦点人工晶状体AcrySofReSTOR(Alton),72例(109只眼);单焦组植入单焦点人工晶状体AcrySofSA60AT(Alcon),88例(130只眼).术后随访6～24月,观察远近视力,脱镜率,对比敏感度,高阶像差.结果 单焦组在明光、暗光、暗光眩光条件下各空间频率对比敏感度均高于多焦组,明光条件下3epd和6cpd(中频)空间频率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),暗光眩光条件下中高频率(除1.5cpd外)差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后3阶慧差,4阶球差,总高阶像差均方根(RMS)多焦组略高于单焦组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组间远视力无显著性差异,近视力多焦组101只眼(91.8%)≥J3,单焦组12只眼(9.2%).两组完全脱镜率分别为98只眼(89.1%)和9只眼(6.9%).结论 衍射型多焦点人工晶状体在某些空间频率对比敏感度低于单焦组,没有明显增加高阶像差和视觉干扰;患者具有良好的远近视力和较高的脱镜率.     

Combined 23-gauge microincisonal vitrectomy surgery and phacoemulsification with AcrySof toric intraocular lens implantation: a comparative study

Aim

To compare AcrySof toric intraocular lens (IOL) and non-toric IOL in patients who had combined 23-gauge microincisional vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) and phacoemulsification for vitreoretinal diseases and cataract with pre-existing corneal astigmatism.

Methods

This is a prospective comparative study comprised of 30 patients (30 eyes) who had combined 23-gauge MIVS and phacoemulsification for vitreoretinal diseases and cataract with pre-existing regular corneal astigmatism greater than 1 diopters (D). In all, 15 eyes had AcrySof toric IOL (Alcon Laboratories) and 15 eyes had non-toric IOL (Akreos AO MI60; Bausch & Lomb) implantation. Main outcome measures were uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), refractive cylinder, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and IOL misalignment during 6 months.

Results

The mean UCVA of the toric IOL group was better than the non-toric IOL group at postoperative months 1, 3, and 6 (P<0.001, respectively). The mean absolute residual refractive cylinder of the toric IOL group at postoperative week 1, and months 1, 3, and 6 was less than the non-toric IOL group (P=0.008, <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). There was no difference in the mean SIA between the two groups (P>0.05, respectively). The mean toric IOL axis rotation was 3.52±2.75°, which was within 5° in 66.7% of the toric IOL group and within 10° in 100%.

Conclusions

Combined 23-gauge MIVS and phacoemulsification with AcrySof toric IOL implantation is an effective method of correcting vitreoretinal diseases and cataract and pre-existing corneal astigmatism, and the toric IOL showed good rotational stability, even in vitrectomized eyes for 6 months.     

Clinical profile and visual outcomes after treatment in patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy

Purpose

To report the clinical data and visual outcomes after treatment of patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and orbital images of 40 patients (65 eyes) with DON and analyzed the visual outcomes after treatment with intravenous steroids pulse therapy, radiotherapy and orbital decompression.

Results

The study included 21 men and 19 women, with 10 (25%) being diabetic patients. Visual field test results revealed defects in 88.7% of DON eyes; afferent pupillary defects in 63.2%; reduced color vision in 78.5%; and abnormal visual evoked potentials in 84%. Orbital imaging showed moderate to severe apical crowding in 95% of the orbits and intracranial fat prolapse in 24.2%. Median best corrected visual acuity improved from 0.4 to 1.0 after one year of treatment (p < 0.001). We noted more improvement in vision with the use of decompressive surgery than with non-surgical methods (p < 0.05). Recurrences occurred in 7 patients who had not received orbital radiotherapy.

Conclusions

Visual field defects and apical crowding seen on orbital imaging were the most sensitive indicators for the detection of DON. Treatment with intravenous steroids pulse therapy, radiotherapy and orbital decompression effectively improved visual outcomes in cases of DON.     

Analysis of glistenings in hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses on visual performance

AIM:To assess patients’ visual performance with glistenings in one piece soft hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) (Alcon) 2 years postoperatively.METHODS:This cross section trial included 120 eyes with one piece IOL at 2 years postoperatively. Glistening was classified in 4 groups, ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (most evident) according to their severity in IOLs optics observed under a slit lamp. All eyes underwent a uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity evaluation (UCVA and BCVA, LogMAR scale), a complete clinical examination, a contrast sensitivity (CS) evaluation by F.A.C.T chart, and a visual field test by Humphrey Field AnalyzerⅡ(HFA). One-way ANOVA was used for quantitative data, while Pearson χ² test was used for qualitative data to analyze the visual function of 4 glistening groups.RESULTS: Totally 120 eyes were enrolled with 30 eyes in each glistening group. There was no statistical correlation between glistening grades and patients’ age, IOLs power, postoperative UCVA and BCVA (P>0.05). Quantificationally, CS values among each group were not statistically different. However, qualitative analysis showed there were more eyes in grade 3 group than in grade 0 group having abnormally declined CS at high spatial frequency (10% vs 36.7% at 18 cpd, P=0.029; 6.7% vs 26.7% at 12 cpd, P=0.013). Mean deviation (MD) of the visual field test was -2.14±2.31, -1.97±2.23, -3.02±3.17, -4.12±3.38 in group 0 to 3 respectively. There was a significant decrease in the most serious glistenings group (P =0.018).CONCLUSION:Glistenings may potentially have an impact on contrast sensitivity at high spatial frequencyand MD in visual field test.     

In vitro optical performance of a new aberration-free intraocular lens

Purpose

To assess the optical performance of the new EnVista intraocular lens (IOL).

Materials and methods

Four aspheric IOLs were evaluated; the new EnVista is one amoung them. This IOL, similarly to the Z-Flex HB and the Bi-Flex 1.8 667AB ones, has a neutral aspheric design, whereas the fourth IOL under test (AcrySof IQ IOL SN60WF) presents a negative spherical aberration (SA). The IOL''s aberration patterns were measured in vitro, by setting them up on an optical bench. From these aberration-pattern data, the modulation transfer function (MTF), the average modulation values, and the points spread function (PSF) were calculated. Furthermore, in order to assess the potential optical quality that these IOLs would yield once they are implanted, an average corneal-aberration pattern was juxtaposed to the in-vitro profiles and the same parameters were calculated again.

Results

For the IOL-only scenario (ie, without including the corneal factor), it was the EnVista IOL, which is aberration-free that showed the higher MTF, PSF values. This was followed by the other two aberration-free IOL models. However, when the effect of an average corneal pattern was also taken into consideration, the AcrySof IQ IOL SN60WF always outperformed the other neutral-asphericity IOLs.

Conclusions

The in-vitro optical performance of the EnVista IOL was good, but it decreases substantially in a whole-eye scenario, when the wavefront profile of an average cornea is added. Other designs with different degrees of SA should be considered for this IOL in order to surpass these results.