血管内皮细胞受损后急性低氧性肺血管收缩反应减弱

为了探明血管内皮细胞在急性低无性肺动脉高压中的作用进行了本研究。雄性ＳＤ大鼠经２０％乌拉坦麻醉，气管插管，呼吸机通气。动物分为两组：单纯低氧组（ｎ＝１０只）吸１０．５％低氧混合气体５分钟；另一组为肺损伤低无组（ｎ＝７只），ＡＮＴＵｌｍｇ／ｋｇ缓慢注入肺动脉内，再吸入１０．５％低氧混合气体。实验结果表明：大鼠吸入低氧混合气体后肺动脉平均压ＰＰａ）增加２０．４±６．５％，而肺损伤后再吸入低氧气体，ＰＰａ仅增加８．７±３．８％，显著低于单纯低氧组（Ｐ＜０．０１）．结果提示：血管内皮细胞受损后急性低氧性肺血管收缩反应明显减弱。     

急性氧中毒五例

急性氧中毒五例余长青，王仁德，郭一龙氧中毒临床上不多，现将我们遇到的５例报告如下。一、病历摘要发生于高压氧治疗中３例：例１女，６０岁。１９９４年１１月１０日因肺炎住院。因低氧血症而进行高压氧治疗，方案为０．２５ＭＰａ（２．５ＡＴＡ），面罩吸氧３０分钟...     

神经节苷酯对低氧大鼠脑钙,钙调素及蛋白激酶Ⅱ的影响

观察了神经节苷酯对急性低氧组大鼠（Ａ组：模拟海拔７００ｍ，５ｈ；Ｂ组：给神经节苷酯）和常氧对照组大鼠（Ｃ组：常氧；Ｄ组：给神经节苷酯）脑组织Ｃａ￣（２＋）、钙调素（ＣａＭ）及ＣａＭ依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ（ＣａＭＰＫⅡ）活性的影响。用Ｆｕｒａ－２测得Ｃａ￣（２＋）水平分别为７２２．１±８１．２．６４０．６±７４．４、２５８。７±３９．２和２６３．８±４１．３ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ａ组明显高于常氧对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ｂ组明显低于Ａ组（Ｐ＜＜０．０５）。用流式细胞仪（ＦＡＣＳ）所测ＣａＭ平均荧光强度分别为４０．２±４．７、４４．３±４．８．４６．１±５．１和４５．９±５．０道；Ａ组明显低于常氧对照组。用同位素（ｒ￣（３２）－ＡＴＰ）液闪计数法所测ＣａＭＰＫⅡ活性分别为１８２．９±７．９、１９２．３±８．２、１９７．９±９．２和１９８．２±９．３ｐｍｏｌｐｉ．ｍｉｎ￣（－１）ｍｇ￣（－１）ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，Ａ组明显低于其它三组，急性低氧Ｂ组与常氧对照组比无明显差别。表明，低氧时神经节苷酯可以减少胞内Ｃａ￣（２＋）蓄积和稳定ＣａＭ和ＣａＭＫｉｎａｓｅⅡ的变化．     

静脉输含氧液纠正肝移植术后低氧血症的临床研究

目的研究静脉输含氧液改善肝移植术后低氧血症，防止贫氧性组织损伤的有效性。方法对10例肝移植患者术中置入Swan-Ganz导管，术后早期撤离机械通气（PaO2／FiO2〉150）、拔除气管插管后，给予500ml含氧林格液以200ml／h速度输入。检测输含氧液前、输含氧液结束时及结束后1h动脉血气、静脉血气、血乳酸，并记录心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、平均肺动脉压（PAP）、肺毛细血管楔入压（PAWP）等血流动力学指标，通过自身对照，观察静脉输含氧液前后各项指标的变化。结果在相同FiO2条件下（41％左右），静脉输氧后Pa（轻度升高．但SpO2从89．5％上升至94．7％，并且静脉血氧饱和度显著升高（59％至75％），提示组织氧合改善，但输含氧液结束后1h降低至输含氧液前水平。PaCO2及血液pH值输含氧液前后比较无明显变化。血流动力学监测发现HR、MAP及PAWP输含氧液前后无明显变化，但平均肺动脉压（PAP）在输含氧液后显著降低，而在输含氧液结束后1h PAP恢复至输含氧液前水平。血乳酸值输含氧液结束时明显降低，并持续至输含氧液后1h。结论静脉输入含氧液不仅可以改善肝移植患者术毕早期机械通气撤离后低氧血症，改善组织氧代谢，而且具有显著降低肺动脉高压、改善肺循环的作用。     

BMI联合术前氧合指数对Stanford A型主动脉夹层术后低氧血症的预测价值

目的 探讨Stanford A型主动脉夹层(TAAD)患者术后发生低氧血症的危险因素及其预测价值。方法 收集2018年1月-2021年6月南方医科大学南方医院收治的146例诊断为TAAD并接受孙氏手术的患者进行回顾性分析。根据术后24 h内的氧合指数将患者分为低氧血症组(PaO₂/FiO₂≤200 mmHg)与非低氧血症组(PaO₂/FiO₂>200 mmHg)。比较两组患者术前氧合指数、气管插管时间和院内病死率等临床结局的差异，采用多因素logistic回归分析患者术后发生低氧血症的危险因素，并利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各危险因素的预测价值。结果 TAAD患者术后低氧血症发生率为45.9%。与非低氧血症组比较，低氧血症组机械通气时间(P<0.001)和ICU停留时间(P=0.039)明显延长，且病死率明显增高(P=0.011)。多因素logistic回归分析显示，体重指数(BMI)高是TAAD患者术后发生低氧血症的独立危险因素(OR=1.701,P<0.001)，而术前...     

全麻术后患者雾化吸氧的疗效观察

全麻术后早期低氧血症屡有发生，合理应用氧疗是预防和早期治疗的关键，也是外科监护病房（ＳＩＣＵ）常见的护理操作。我们对４８例全麻术后病人分别给予湿化瓶给氧及雾化给氧，监测ＳＰＯ２，发现雾化给氧更能有效纠正低氧血症，报告如下。１临床资料与方法本组男性３１...     

经眼眶开放性颅脑损伤

经眼眶开放性颅骨损伤临床上少见，并发症多，处理不当后果严重。自１９７８年１月～１９９３年１月收治２４例，报告如下。临床资料男２０例，女４例；年龄１．５～５０岁。伤后入院时间：２０分钟～２天。致伤原因：交通事故伤４例，锐器伤９例，飞行物伤７例，火器伤３...     

原发性骨横纹肌肉瘤(附8例报告及29例文献分析)

目的：探讨原发性骨横纹肌肉瘤的临床与Ｘ线特点，材料与方法；对本组８例及文献中２９例共３７例临床和Ｘ线资料进行了分析。结果：３７例中男２８例，女９例，年龄９～６１岁，平均３７．４岁，病程２～１４个月，平均７．５个月，病变位于胫骨１３例，占３５．１％，股骨１０例，占２７％，肱骨５例，占１３．５％；胸椎２例，占５．４％，骶骨２例，占５．４％，颅骨２例，占５．４％，腓骨１例，占２．７％，腰椎１例，占２．７     

急性缺氧对飞行员胃液体排空功能的影响

为探讨急性缺氧对飞行人员胃液体排空功能的影响，在常压下吸入不同浓度氧（１７％、１６％、１４％、１２％、１０．５％及９％）的低氧混合气体３０ｍｉｎ，采用Ｂ型超声波在实验前后分别测量了６４名男性飞行员的胃液体排空功能。结果表明，吸入１７％低氧混合气胃排空延迟，但经统计学处理无显著性差异，吸入１６％以下的低氧混合气后胃排空延迟，经统计学处理有显著性差异，且随着缺氧程度加重，胃液体排空时间延长更加明显。提     

氧合高渗高胶液对高原失血性休克家兔的复苏作用及对内源性内皮素和一氧化氮释放的影响

目的：寻找简便有效地高原失血性休克防治措施和救治方法。方法：在海拔４７００ｍ的昆仑山口泵站对氧合高渗高胶液复苏高原失血性休克家兔进行了高原现场观察。结果：氧合高渗高胶液能明显升高高原失血性休克动物的血压和心室内压以及心室内压的上升速度，加快舒张时心室内压的下降速度，提高休克动物的存活时间和存活率，明显改善休克动物的肺肾功能，而无其它任何不良反应，其作用明显优于等渗液体加维生素Ｃ和纳洛酮的作用。实验同时证明输入氧合高渗高胶液能明显降低休克动物的血浆ＥＴ水平，增高血浆ＮＯ水平，并维持肾内ＥＴ与ＮＯ的平衡，说明氧合液输入后能不同程度地影响血管内皮细胞及其它细胞对ＥＴ和ＮＯ的释放。结论：氧合高渗高胶液对高原失血性休克家兔有较好的复苏作用，其作用优于其它抗休克液     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）