bcl—2,p53蛋白在肺癌中的表达

目的：探讨ｂｃｌ－２和ｐ５３蛋白的异常表达与肺癌临床病理因素之间的关系。方法：应用免疫组化方法检测了术后随访５年以上的１２９例肺癌标本中ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３蛋白的表达。结果：ｂｃｌ－２及ｐ５３蛋白在肺癌中的阳性表达率分别为２８．７％和５２．７％，两种蛋白表达间呈显著正相关关系。在不同组织学类型中，两种蛋白阳性表达率间无显著差异。淋巴结癌转移阳性组中ｂｃｌ－２蛋白阳性表达率显著高于淋巴结转移阴性组（Ｐ     

鼻咽癌组织中bcl—2,bax和p53的表达及其与瘤细胞？…

目的;了解鼻咽癌细胞中瘤细胞ｂｃｌ－２、ｂａｘ和ｐ５３的表达及其与瘤细胞凋亡指数的关系。方法：对３８例未经治疗的鼻咽癌组织,应用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法检测瘤ｂｃｌ－２、ｂａｘ和ｐ５３的表达;末端标记细胞死亡检测法（ＴＵＮＥＬ）计算癌细胞的凋亡指数。结果：（１）３７例（９７．４％）中有９０％左右的瘤细胞呈ｂｃｌ－２过表达;（２）３８例（１００％）中有７０％左右的瘤细胞过表达ｂａｘ;（３）２９例（７６．３     

大肠肿瘤中抑凋亡基因bcl－2和p53蛋白产物的表达和意义

用免疫组化方法观察４５例大肠腺瘤和６１例大肠腺癌中ｂｃ１－２和ｐ５３蛋白的表达。结果显示：正常大肠粘膜中ｂｃ１－２和ｐ５３均未见表达，而大肠腺瘤及大肠腺癌阳性率均较正常组织明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）．大肠腺瘤中ｂｃ１－２表达位于不典型增生较重区域。大肠腺瘤ｐ５３表达随腺瘤直径增加而增加，其中≥２０ｍｍ组阳性率显著高于＜１０ｍｍ组（ｐ＜０．０５）。ｐ５３蛋白阳性率也随不典型增生程度增加而增高。ｐ５３表达与大肠腺癌分化程度及Ｄｕｋｅｓ分期有关。大肠腺瘤中ｂｃ１－２和ｐ５３蛋白的表达呈负相关。结果表明，ｂｃ１－２蛋白表达对大肠腺瘤的增殖有一定意义，ｐ５３在大肠腺瘤癌变和大肠腺癌进展中起重要作用。     

黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤和凋亡相关基因

细胞凋亡受抑是黏膜相关淋巴组织(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, MALT)淋巴瘤发生的重要机制。MALT淋巴瘤凋亡相关基因的研究逐渐引起了重视。API2-MALT1融合基因和bcl-10过表达分别激活NF-κB,以NF-κB激活为核心,涉及到p53,Fas,API2,MALT1等凋亡相关基因,导致细胞凋亡受抑。     

bcl—2／bax对不同乳腺癌细胞凋亡的调节作用

目的：了解bcl-2/bax在乳腺癌细胞的p53依赖性凋亡和p53非依赖性凋亡中的作用。方法：用原位杂交的方法检测化疗药物VM-26诱导入乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7和MDA-MB-435S凋亡前后bcl-2和bax的mRNA表达情况。结果：与MDA-MB-435S细胞相比,MCF-7细胞的bcl-2 mRNA水平较高。两株细胞均能在VM-26的作用下发生凋亡。药物诱导后,MCF-7细胞的bcl-2 mRNA表达下降,bax mRNA表达增加;MDA-MB-435S细胞bax mRNA表达增加,bcl-2、mRNA无明显变化。结论：wt p53可在转录水平调节bcl-2/bax的表达,从而介导凋亡作用;bax在p53非依赖性凋亡中也发挥一定作用;bcl-2的高表达可能与肿瘤耐药性有关。     

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的诊治进展

目的：综述胃黏膜相关淋巴组织（macosa—associatedlymphoidtissue,MALT）淋巴瘤的临床诊治现状与存在的问题,并展望其前景。方法：广泛查阅近年来有关胃MALT淋巴瘤的临床诊治的相关文献,并作进一步综合分析。结果：胃MALT淋巴瘤是一种临床较为少见的胃恶性肿瘤,长期以来对其诊断治疗一直存在争议。结论：联合应用X线胃肠气钡双重造影、CT、胃镜、及内镜超声等多种检查手段可明显提高诊断的阳性率;传统的观点认为手术是治愈的最主要手段,但随着对幽门螺旋杆菌（Hpyloft）感染与该病发病机制的认识提高,这一观点不断受到冲击。     

大肠肿瘤中p53和bcl-2蛋白的表达

目的：研究Ｐ５３和ｂｃｌ－２在大肠肿瘤发生中的作用。方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法分别检测大肠正常、腺瘤及腺癌中Ｐ５３和ｂｃｌ－２表达。结果：大肠腺癌Ｐ５３表达率高于腺瘤组;Ｐ５３表达与大肠癌的临床病理因素无关,ｂｃｌ－２在正常粘膜基底部上皮细胞表达,在腺瘤（７７．５％）和腺（５５％）ｂｃｌ－２表达差异显著,高分化腺癌ｂｃｌ－２表达率（７３．７％）高于差分化癌（４１．２％）,在腺瘤和腺癌中ｂｃｌ－２和     

黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤

黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤 (ｍｕｃｏｓａａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｌｙｍｐｈｏｉｄｔｉｓｓｕｅｌｙｍｐｈｏｍａ,ＭＡＬＴ ＭＬ )起初是指起源在胃肠道ＭＡＬＴ的一种Ｂ细胞淋巴瘤。早期的观点认为胃肠道的淋巴瘤基本都是ＭＡＬＴ ＭＬ ,并且是低度恶性的淋巴瘤 ,后来认识到有高度恶性的ＭＡＬＴ ＭＬ。但目前认为全身各处均可发生 ,无论有无ＭＡＬＴ ,只要有获得性ＭＡＬＴ/Ｐｅｙｅｒ小结样结构即可发生 ,小结中心为生发中心 ,周围有套细胞和边缘区细胞 ,故在黏膜层既可发生ＭＡＬＴ ＭＬ ,也可发生黏膜滤泡性淋巴瘤和黏膜套细胞淋巴瘤 ,因此…     

Synchronous adenocarcinoma and low grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of the stomach

We describe nine cases of gastric adenocarcinoma (six intestinal and three diffuse type) occurring in the stomach synchronously with primary low grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. In four cases the two neoplasms were admixed to form collision tumours. Where collision was present between lymphoma and adenocarcinoma of intestinal type no lymphoepithelial lesions were seen involving neoplastic glands. Helicobacter pylori-like organisms were seen in seven cases (78%) which is consistent with an aetiological role for this organism in both tumours in the stomach.     

睾丸粘膜相关淋巴组织型淋巴瘤临床病理特征

探讨睾丸粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤的临床病理特征，为临床早期诊断提供依据。方法：对４例睾丸ＭＡＬＴ淋巴瘤作临床病理观察，同时采用Ｓ－Ｐ法或ＡＢＣ法进行ＬＣＡ、Ｌ２６、ＵＣＨＬ１、Ｂｃｌ－２免疫组化标记。结果：患者临床症状为睾丸不同程度肿大。     

Higher frequency of p53 gene mutations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with MALT component

p53 gene mutation is not a frequent event in the tumorigenesis of lymphomas and the expression of p53 protein is independent of p53 gene mutations. The present study aimed to investigate mutations in the p53 gene in a series of extranodal B-cell lymphomas, and its association with p53 protein expression. A total of 52 cases were graded histologically into Grade 1, Grade 2 and Grade 3 tumors and p53 protein expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. Mutations in the p53 gene were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and mobility shifts were confirmed by direct sequencing. The tumors comprised 26 (50%) Grade 1, 9 (17%) Grade 2 and 15 (29%) Grade 3. A high proportion of Grade 2 (25%) tumors expressed p53 protein (P = 0.051) and carried p53 gene mutation (33%) (P = 0.218). However, p53 protein expression was not associated with p53 gene mutations (P = 0.057). Transversion mutations (88%) were more frequently detected than transition mutations (12%). The present study revealed that p53 gene mutations and p53 protein expression occurred in higher frequencies in Grade 2 tumors, which may be of pathogenetic importance. The high frequency of transversion mutations may reflect the influence of an etiological agent in the tumorigenesis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma).     

宫颈粘膜相关淋巴瘤及假性淋巴瘤临床病理和免疫组化研究

目的：探讨宫颈粘膜相关淋巴瘤（ＣＭＡＬＴ－ｏｍａ）及假性淋巴瘤（ＣＰＬ）的诊断标准、鉴别诊断及发病机理。方法：ＣＭＡＬＴ－ｏｍａ及ＣＰＬ各５例，活检或手术标本做石蜡切片及免疫组化（ＡＢＣ法）染色。结果：ＣＭＡＬＴ－ｏｍａ出现“淋巴上皮病变”及单克隆增殖，２例为Ｔ小多形细胞性，３例为Ｂ细胞性（ＣＣＬ和淋巴浆细胞型）。ＣＰＬ均有多克隆性的多种炎细胞浸润。结论：大多数ＭＡＬＴ－ｏｍａ为低度恶性并有“回归”现象。因此，手术为首选治疗方法。如果肿瘤侵犯邻近脏器或转移至淋巴结，应加用化疗或放疗。ＣＰＬ应予以有效的抗菌治疗，否则，有转变成ＭＡＬＴ－ｏｍａ的可能。自身免疫性疾病及感染，可导致机体产生获得性ＭＡＬＴ，并在持续性刺激下发展为ＣＰＬ，进而转变为ＣＭＡＬＴ－ｏｍａ。     

乳腺粘膜相关型淋巴瘤临床病理观察

目的：探讨乳腺粘膜相关性淋巴瘤（MALT-ML）的病理特征。方法：对4例乳腺MALT-ML的手术根治及（或）活检标本做常规石蜡切片、HE染色和免疫组化ABC法标记。结果：4例乳腺MALT-ML中2例为CCL细胞型,1例为CCL细胞型向母细胞样转化,另1例炎单核样B细胞型。4例均显示B细胞单克隆性及滤泡克隆化和淋巴上皮病变。结论：乳腺MALT-ML有与其他部位MALT-ML相似的形态特征。     

bcl-2 and p53 protein expression in follicular lymphoma

Recent studies have shown bcl-2 to be regulated by p53. Other studies have suggested an inverse relationship between p53 and bcl-2 protein expression in breast and colonic cancers and in a variety of subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study investigates the relationship between bcl-2 and p53 protein expression and the correlation between these findings and the grade and cell type of follicular lymphomas according to the REAL classification. Paraffin-embedded nodal follicular lymphomas (n=37) were subjected to bcl-2 and p53 immunohistochemistry on tissue sections using a three-step ABC system. Positive immunostaining for both oncoproteins was scored using a three-tiered scale: +, <10 per cent cells; ++, 10–50 per cent cells; and +++, >50 per cent cells (<10 per cent was used as a cut-off to define negative tumours). Ninety-seven per cent (36/37) of follicular lymphomas expressed bcl-2 protein in all three grades, manifesting in the small cell (grade 1) through to the large cell (grade 3). p53 protein expression showed a pattern of increasing immunostaining with progression towards the high-grade follicular lymphoma: grade 1=6 per cent (1/16); grade 2=48 per cent (10/21); grade 3=100 per cent (6/6). Five cases comprised varying combinations of grades. This latter finding suggests a role for p53 mutation in the progression/transformation of follicular lymphoma. The mechanism, however, differs from that suggested in breast and colonic cancers, since an inverse relationship between bcl-2 and p53 was not demonstrated in the present study. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Collision of EBV‐associated gastric carcinoma and primary gastric extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue in the remnant stomach

Reported herein is a case of EBV‐associated gastric carcinoma with primary gastric extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). A 69‐year‐old Japanese man was found to have an ulcer lesion in his stomach on endoscopy, and a biopsy indicated malignancy. He underwent gastrectomy. Microscopically the tumor had features typical of lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma. The neoplastic epithelial cells proliferated in a trabecular fashion. On in situ hybridization for EBV‐encoded RNA, positive signals were observed in most neoplastic epithelial cells. Numerous lymphocytes surrounded the neoplastic epithelial cells. In the stroma, numerous lymphocytes with mild atypia were positive for CD20 and CD79a. In addition, monoclonal proliferation of B cells was confirmed on polymerase chain reaction for IgH. These findings supported MALT lymphoma. The coexistence of EBV‐associated gastric carcinoma and MALT lymphoma is extremely rare.     

Primary low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with polypoid appearance. Polypoid gastric MALT lymphoma: A clinicopathologic study of eight cases

In the current study, we report eight cases with primary low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma endoscopically characterized by polypoid lesions in order to highlight their clinicopathologic significance. Four patients were male, their ages ranging from 40 to 78 years old. The resected specimens revealed a histology of low-grade MALT lymphoma characterized by dense lymphocytic infiltration predominantly in the submucosa and a relatively monotonous proliferation of centrocyte-like cells with reactive follicles and infrequent lymphoepithelial lesions. The tumor cells were of CD5-, CD10-, CD20+, BCL2+ and cycline D1- phenotype, and showed a monoclonal rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the five of six cases examined. Interestingly, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was detected in three (37.5%) of the eight patients, which was significantly lower than previous reports. Two of the H. pylori-positive cases initially underwent H. pylori eradication, but showed no change in their lymphomas after the cure of H. pylori infection. The clinicopathologic findings of the present cases appeared to closely resemble those of colorectal MALT lymphoma with a polypoid appearance and few association of H. pylori infection in their pathogenesis. These gastric polypoid cases may merit separate consideration because of the therapeutic problems they pose.     

胆囊粘膜相关型淋巴瘤4例临床病理观察及文献复习

目的：探讨胆囊粘膜相关型淋巴瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断及其发病机制。方法：手术切除标本常规石蜡切片和免疫组化ＡＢＣ法标记。结果：４例胆囊ＭＡＬＴ－ＭＬ均 反应性滤泡。免疫表型：４例ＬＣＡ、Ｌ２６均呈阳性ＩｇＭ／ｋ３例,ＩｇＧ／λ１例,ｂｃｌ－２阳性３例。结论：胆囊ＭＡＬＴ－ＭＬ大多为低度恶性,以手术治疗为主。临床应积极控制胆囊慢性炎性病变,防止产生获得性ＭＡＬＴ,进一步发展为ＭＡＬＴ－ＭＬ。     

肝脏粘膜相关淋巴瘤——附3例报道及文献复习

报道３例肝脏粘膜相关淋巴瘤，起源于汇管区淋巴细胞。具有诊断性淋巴上皮病变，分别为中心细胞样细胞型（２例）及淋巴浆细胞型（１例），经免疫组化证实为单克隆Ｂ细胞性。其临床特点为：生长缓慢，局部受累，很少转移，低度恶性。以手术切除为主，预后较好。本文对其发病机理进行了探讨。