CT机扫描中断故障分析与维修经验点滴

扫描中断是Ｘ射线ＣＴ机故障中的一种常见现象,引起的原因很多。例如开机后计算机工作正常,但到球管预热时机架断电致使预热中断,这可能是机架内的电源故障所致。又如扫描接口线路板接触不良可使扫描突然中断,机架自动断电,而关机后重新开机有时可恢复正常。准直器组件缩光器机械故障虽然不影响腹部的全野扫描,但却不能进行头部的半野扫描,如此等等。扫描中断故障一旦发生就会延误正常的诊断工作。遇到故障先分析后检查,找出中断原因,切忌盲目乱拆乱卸以免扩大故障。在检查中应先易后难,如先查电源,后查线路板。要充分利用诊断软…     

F78－ⅢA300mAX线机准直器的改进

Ｆ７８－ⅢＡ３００ｍＡＸ线机准直器的改进刘慧琴，韩丰谈在用Ｘ线机摄片时，有时忘了关闭准直器的模拟灯，时间一长，就会烧坏模拟灯或烧焦模拟灯插座。因此，有必要做一定时电路保护模拟灯。模拟灯的定时电路工作原理如下：由Ｘ线机准直器接线号Ｊｘ８４－１和Ｊｘ８４...     

Elscint 2 400 CT机高压故障一例

Ｅｌｓｃｉｎｔ２４００ＣＴ机高压故障一例聂聪故障现象：扫描中，开始高压不稳定，图像不重建，机上检测系统提示语句为：ＨＣＵ（高压控制单元）＃９１０：ｔｉｍｅｏｕｔｗａｉｔｉｎｇｆｏｒＸ－ｒａｙｔｏｓｔａｈｉｌｉｚｅ（等候Ｘ线稳定超时），ＨＣＵ＃５０９：...     

SCTA成像的操作方法及技术要点

ＳＣＴＡ是一种非创伤性的血管成像技术 ,应用于临床取得了初步经验 ,但报道内容大多为成像原理、成像技术和临床应用 ,这里不再赘述。我们经过对 2 0 0多例ＳＣＴＡ的检查操作取得了一定的经验 ,现就技术操作做一探讨。1　ＳＣＴＡ扫描技术1.1　设备情况应具有较高档螺旋ＣＴ机和可以处理容积数据的工作站后处理系统 ,我们采用ＰＱ - 6 0 0 0型高档螺旋ＣＴ机和Ｖｏｅｘ1工作站。同时配有高压注射器。1.2　源图像 (原始图像 )的扫描1.2 .1　扫描方式的选择 :应首先选择ＣＴＡ方式 ,如果机器软件未设ＣＴＡ选项时就根据机器情况在完成平片后…     

岛津3000TX全身CT机多圆环状伪影排除

我院于１９８９年底引进日本岛津ＳＣＴ－３０００ＴＸ全身ＣＴ机，运转已６年余。既往虽间断发生不同程度多圆环状伪影，但经检查确认数据收集通道（ＤＡＳ）积分电路板（ＤＥＴＥＣＴＯＲ）及相关电路，更换故障元件，清洁电路板或接口后，行水模校准（ＫＣＡＬＩＢ）后...     

影响螺旋CT血管成像图像质量的因素

螺旋ＣＴ血管成像（ＳＣＴＡ）是一种新的血管成像技术，但影响ＳＣＴＡ质量的因素较多，主要有：准直器宽度（层厚）、螺距（ｐｉｔｃｈ）、重建间隔、内插运算方法、背景密度的高低、小血管走行方向与扫描层面的关系、横断面图像噪声；成像体位和成像方法；造影剂的应用和生理病理性因素的影响等。上述各种因素对ＳＣＴＡ质量的影响程度和方式不同，且各因素之间存在互相影响。     

用集成电路限时器替换X线机电子管限时器

用电子管限时器控时的Ｘ线机大多是80年代或以前的产品,至今已较陈旧,故障率高且大部分出现在限时器部分。这类Ｘ线机在乡镇医院还很常见,其中有天津理疗仪器厂的Ｆ2001Ａ型、沈阳医疗器械厂的ＦＺＸ03200型、北京东方红医疗器械厂的Ｆ30ⅡＢ型。为发挥这部分Ｘ线机的作用,我们用集成电路设计了限时器、过载保护电路及部分控制线路,以替换电子管限时器。一、电路原理有关电路见图1。限时器主要由一图1　集成电路限时器电原理图块ＣＭＯＳ(互补型金属氧化物半导体器件)可编程定时电路ＭＣ14541或ＣＤ4541构成,其定时时间Ｔ≈23ＫＲＣ(Ｋ为时…     

螺旋CT机X线管灯丝故障检测

螺旋ＣＴ机Ｘ线管灯丝故障检测郭文辰１田新立２张晓京２黄佳慎２由于螺旋ＣＴ机应用了滑环技术和高效快速的信息采集系统，可以连续产生Ｘ线，连续取样，扫描速度更快所以得到的信息更多图像更清晰，但螺旋ＣＴ机要求Ｘ线管各项技术指标较高才能实现螺旋扫描。而该机的Ｘ...     

NEU-ALPINE CT上准直器故障检修

1　故障现象开机后 ,进行预热扫描 ,发现扫描不能正常进行 ,其他方面未见异常。2　故障的分析与检修ＮＥＵ -ＡＬＰＩＮＥ(东大阿尔派 )ＣＴ机是目前唯一的国产ＣＴ机 ,对于此机不能正常进行扫描 ,一般有以下四个方面的原因 :( 1)高压系统的故障。 ( 2 )病人床系统的故障。 ( 3)准直器的故障。 ( 4 )计算机系统的故障。上述故障只要出现一个 ,机器就不能进行正常扫描。在不能马上明确故障部位的情况下 ,依次按上述四种故障原因进行分析与检修。首先判断高压发生系统有无故障。观察一下高压发生器指示面板 ,发现故障指示灯不亮 ,其余均指示正…     

东芝KXO－850N型X线机透视千伏跟踪电路故障检修一例

东芝ＫＸＯ－８５０Ｎ型Ｘ线机透视千伏跟踪电路故障检修一例葛明掌故障现象：透视时监示器荧光屏有图像，随着检查需要移动病人不同部位，监示器图像时而清晰，时而模糊，人体薄的部位图像清晰，而厚的部位图像模糊。打开电源控制柜发现自耦变压器千伏调节滑轮不动。故障...     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.