儿童单纯性肥胖与血压关系的调查分析

本文对沈阳市、盘锦市两所小学校1850名9～11岁学龄儿童进行身体体格检查,检出单纯性肥胖188名,其中同年龄组(10岁,月差不超过6个月)单纯性肥胖儿童66名,对66名单纯性肥胖儿童进行肥胖度和血压测试分析。调查结果表明:肥胖儿童检出率为10.16％,肥胖儿童高血压检出率35.11％。提示单纯性肥胖是发生高血压的一个因素,预防肥胖是防止高血压的措施之一。     

西布曲明对超重及单纯性肥胖患者血浆神经肽Y水平的影响

为研究超重和单纯性肥胖患者空腹血浆神经肽Y（NPN）水平，探讨减肥药物－西布曲明对其的影响。32名超重和单纯性肥胖患者被随机、双盲地分为西布曲明组（A组）、安慰剂组（B组），16名健康者作为对照组（C组），采用放免法测定治疗6月前后患者空腹NPY、胰岛素水平。结果显示，治疗前A、B两组NPY水平明显高于C组；治疗后A、B两组NPY水平与治疗前相比差异不显著。提示超重和单纯性肥胖患者空腹NPY水平升高；西布曲明对超重和单纯性肥胖患者空腹NPY水平无影响。     

超声心动图监测单纯性肥胖儿童心脏改变

近年来单纯性肥胖儿童的发生率逐年上升，本研究对68例单纯性肥胖儿童采用超声心动图（UCG）观察心脏变化，以探讨小儿肥胖对心血管疾病发生的情况影响。     

单纯性肥胖儿童心血管功能的测定

探讨儿童期单纯性肥胖与心血管的关系。为某些的防治提供参考。方法用无创性方法测量单纯性肥胖儿童和正常儿童的心血管功能。资料借助于计算机进行了方差分析。结论阻抗血流图能反映单纯性肥胖儿童的血液动力学变化,ＳＰＢ、ＱＳ２、ＰＥＰ、ＩＶＣＴ指标更敏感。     

单纯肥胖症脂质代谢紊乱的运动防治Ⅰ.有氧运动对饮食诱导单纯性肥胖大鼠脂蛋白代谢的影响

在建立饮食诱导单纯性肥胖及高胆固醇血症实验动物模型基础上，分别观察有氧运动和饮食干预单纯性肥胖大鼠脂蛋白、载脂蛋白水平的影响。结果表明，运动和／或运动与饮食联合干预明显地改善与单纯性肥胖并存的脂质代谢紊乱，降低某些致动脉粥样硬化的高危因素。     

阿克苏城区3~7岁儿童肥胖的发生率及其影响因素分析研究

目的:探讨阿克苏城区3~7岁儿童肥胖症的发生率及其影响因素。方法:随机抽取阿克苏城区4所幼儿园3-7岁儿童1731名作为研究对象,测量他们的身高、体重,采用问卷调查儿童的饮食行为、家庭情况、家长的营养知识水平等相关影响因素,按照身高标准体重法判定肥胖,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响肥胖的因素。结果:阿克苏城区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率为7.05%,超重率为13.23%,以5岁以上儿童肥胖发生率最高。肥胖发生的危险因素有家族中肥胖人数、母亲的BMI、父亲较少参加运动、家庭不正确的运动和饮食习惯及父母的错误认知。结论:阿克苏城区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率较高,应尽快采取相应的干预措施,且预防肥胖重点应放在学龄前期。     

运动与肥胖

肥胖是遗传和环境因素相互作用而引起的一种慢性代谢性疾病 ,是体内脂肪蓄积过多的一种状态。按病因可分为原发性肥胖 (又称单纯性肥胖 )和继发性肥胖两种类型。肥胖患者中 99%是单纯性肥胖 ,其发生与遗传、饮食结构不合理和体力活动 /运动不足等生活方式密切相关。世界卫生组织 (WHO)已将它与心血管病、糖尿病、高血压、癌症等并列为慢性病 ,而不只是这些疾病的危险因素。活跃的生活方式和合理的饮食可减少体内脂肪堆积。目前 ,饮食调整结合适量运动是世界公认的防治肥胖的经济、有效、无毒副作用的方法和根本措施 ,也是终身科学地管理体…     

肥胖儿童的运动治疗

观察对象北京某小学单纯性肥胖儿童(体重超过WHO身高标准体重20%以上的非病理性肥胖者)24名,均分为治疗组和非治疗组。另选正常对照组儿童21名。治疗组、非治疗组、正常组的男/女生人数分别为10/2、9/3、17/4;平     

肥胖对飞行的影响及矫治

近年来,飞行人员中身体超重者不断增加(约占10％),多因长期摄入过多热量导致营养代谢性肥胖(或称单纯性肥胖)所致。肥胖及其并发症可影响飞行人员的身体健康,而且降低了飞行耐力,缩短了飞行年限。所以,积极有效地预防和矫治肥胖,对提高空军部队战斗力是有现实意义的。     

单纯性肥胖少儿血内皮素、血脂的改变及耐力运动对其影响的研究

目的研究单纯性肥胖少儿血ET、血脂及血压的改变及耐力运动对其的影响。方法将受试对象分为3组,肥胖组（21人）、对照组（18人）和运动组（7人）,比较两组间及运动组运动前后血ET、血脂和血压的改变,并进行统计学处理。结果肥胖组少儿的血ET、TC、TG、LDL、ApoB、收缩压及舒张压与非肥胖组比较均明显增高;单纯性肥胖少儿经过2个月的耐力运动训练后,体重和血ET水平明显降低,运动后TC、TG、LDL及ApoB也明显降低,HDL和ApoB无明显改变。结论单纯性肥胖可引起血ET水平明显升高,说明单纯性肥胖已使少儿的血管内皮细胞受到了损伤;运动在降低体重的同时还可以明显降低血ET水平,并使血脂发生良性改变,提示运动在减肥过程中有不可替代的作用。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.