不同脐部护理方法对新生儿脐部愈合的影响及效果评价

[目的]观察自然干燥法与传统护理法对新生儿脐部感染、脐带残端脱落时间及新生儿高胆红素血症的影响。[方法]选取产科60例新生儿,采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组各30例。试验组新生儿严格无菌操作下断脐后暴露脐带残端,无纱布覆盖,直至脐带残端脱落;对照组新生儿,断脐后定期用0.5%碘伏消毒残端,纱布覆盖包扎。观察两组新生儿脐部感染、脐带残端脱落时间及新生儿高胆红素血症情况。[结果]对照组脐部感染1例,试验组无脐部感染发生;试验组脐带残端脱落时间为11.50d±5.89d、对照组脐带残端脱落时间为14.80d±8.65d,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组第1天、第2天、第3天及第30天经皮胆红素水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]新生儿断脐后自然干燥可预防脐部感染,促进脐带残端脱落,其效果与传统法比较差异无统计学意义,减少护理工作量。     

新生儿晚断脐联合自然干燥法的护理效果

目的探讨晚断脐联合自然干燥法用于新生儿脐部护理的效果。方法选择2013年1—8月在我院足月阴道自然分娩的105例新生儿为观察组,出生后脐部处理采取晚断脐(脐带搏动停止后断脐),脐带残端保留4 cm,断脐后脐部暴露直至干燥自然脱落方法;选择2012年6—12月在我院足月阴道自然分娩的100例新生儿为对照组,出生后脐部处理采取常规断脐法,即早断脐(出生后10 s内),脐带残端保留1~2 cm,断脐后脐部采取无菌脐贴覆盖直至自然脱落的方法。观察两组新生儿脐带脱落时间、脐部渗血、脐部外翻、脐疝、脐部感染发生的情况。结果观察组新生儿脐带脱落所需时间短于对照组,脐部感染、脐部渗血发生例数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且不增加脐部外翻、脐疝的发生率。结论晚断脐联合自然干燥法可有效的缩短新生儿脐带脱落时间,降低新生儿脐部感染、脐部渗血的发生率。     

对比分析不同脐部护理方法在预防新生儿脐炎方面的效果

目的:对比分析不同脐部护理方法在预防新生儿脐炎方面的效果,为预防新生儿脐炎提供有价值参考。方法:将我院2011年6月～2012年4月收治的254例新生儿随机分成对照组与观察组各127例,对照组新生儿实施常规脐部护理措施,观察组新生儿应用愈脐胎毒清实施脐部护理,并实施二次断脐护理措施。对比分析两组新生儿在平均脐带脱落时间、脐部出血率以及脐炎发生率方面的差异。结果:与对照组新生儿相比,观察组新生儿在实施二次断脐操作后,其脐带平均脱落时间缩短(P<0.05),脐部出血率降低(P<0.05),脐炎的发生率也降低(P<0.05),具有统计学差异。结论:在传统的常规新生儿脐部护理措施基础上,结合二次断脐护理措施,能够提高新生儿脐部护理效果,有效预防新生儿脐炎的发生。     

两种脐部护理方法在预防新生儿脐炎中的应用效果比较

目的:比较两种脐部护理方法在预防新生儿脐炎中的应用效果。方法:将2014年3月~2015年3月收治的120例新生儿脐炎患儿随机分为对照组和观察组各60例,对照组采用常规脐部护理方法,观察组在常规脐部护理的基础上实施二次断脐护理,比较两组脐部护理效果及家属对护理的满意度。结果:观察组脐带愈合平均时间、脐带脱落平均时间、脐炎发生率以及脐部出血率均明显低于对照组(P0.05),家属对护理的满意度明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:对于新生儿脐炎患者,在常规脐部护理的基础上实施二次断脐护理能明显提高患者治疗效果,有利于预防脐炎,提高家属满意度,值得在临床上推广使用。     

防水护脐贴对新生儿脐部的临床应用

将200例新生儿随机分为观察组和对照组各100例。观察组采用新生儿沐浴时脐部使用防水护脐贴,对照组采用传统的新生儿沐浴时脐部暴露,对2组不同方法对新生儿脐部影响进行比较分析。两组脐炎、渗血、感染率的发生率两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。新生儿沐浴时脐部使用护脐贴比新生儿沐浴时脐部暴露法能减少新生儿败血症、脐部渗血、脐炎等各种感染的发生率,减轻新生儿痛苦,对新生儿的健康生长发育具有重要意义,值得推广。     

新生儿断脐新型护理方法的效果研究

目的探讨二次断脐护理在预防脐部出血、脐炎发生率、脐部愈合的效果及二次断脐的最佳时间。方法选取新生儿122例,其中行二次断脐护理措施的62例新生儿作为观察组,行传统断脐+断面消毒包扎护理的60例新生儿作为对照组,观察两组之间的脐部出血率、脐炎发生率及脐部愈合时间。结果 (1)观察组新生儿脐部愈合时间(3.81±0.48)d明显少于对照组(6.62±0.77)d,出血率(1.61%)及脐炎发生率(1.61%)也明显低于对照组(8.33%、6.67%,P<0.05);(2)24~28h断脐后新生儿脐部平均愈合时间(3.08±0.37)d明显低于36h断脐新生儿(4.21±0.55)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而脐部出血率及脐炎发生率两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应用二次断脐可以有效减少新生儿出血率及脐炎发生率,并有效缩短新生儿脐部残端愈合时间。     

新生儿二次断脐的临床应用

目的探讨科学、简便、安全的新生儿脐部护理方法。方法将284例新生儿按随机数字表法分为观察组(143例)和对照组(141例)。观察组新生儿采取二次断脐方法,对照组不实施二次断脐,其他处理2组相同。对2组新生儿脐部处理效果进行比较。结果观察组新生儿脐部炎性分泌物、脐炎及脐部创面完全愈合时间均显著低于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05),2组脐部渗血发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论二次断脐在产科新生儿脐部护理应用中安全有效。     

不同脐部护理在新生儿脐炎中的应用效果

目的:探讨不同脐部护理方法在新生儿脐炎中的应用效果。方法:选取2011年1月~2013年12月从外院转入的220例新生儿为研究对象,根据随机数字表将其等分为观察组和对照组,对照组实施常规性护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予二次断脐护理措施。对比分析两组新生儿脐带脱落时间、脐部愈合时间、感染率及患儿家长对护理质量的满意度。结果:观察组新生儿脐部感染率、出血率低于对照组(P0.05),脐带脱落时间、脐部愈合时间短于对照组(P0.05),新生儿家长对护理质量及护理方式的满意度高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:在传统护理基础上对新生儿脐部实施二次断脐护理能有效降低新生儿脐炎的发生率,促进脐带脱落。     

改进新生儿脐带护理方法的效果研究

目的探讨新生儿脐带护理方法改进后即不包扎脐带残端暴露于空气中和传统用脐带卷包裹脐带护理方法的效果。方法选择本院2012年1月～2012年5月出生的新生儿400例,按出生先后顺序随机编号分为对照组和实验组各200例,对照组采用传统脐带处理方法,实验组断脐后脐带残端直接暴露于空气中,比较2组脐部出血、脐周发红、脐炎发生率、脐带脱落时间。结果实验组新生儿住院期间和出院后脐部并发症发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）;实验组脐带干燥时间〈48h的比例明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）;而脐带脱落时间2组无差异（P〉0．05）。结论断脐后脐带残端直接暴露于空气中,不会增加脐部并发症的发生率,有利于脐带的干燥．并且可以减少护理工作量．安仝可靠。     

新生儿脐部两种护理方法效果比较

2006年1月~2月,我院对136例新生儿采用两种脐部护理方法,并对其效果进行比较。现报告如下。1资料与方法1.1临床资料本组136例,选取2006年2月行新法脐部护理的76例为观察组,并取2006年1月行常规脐部护理的60例为对照组。两组一般资料比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。1.2方法对照组行常规脐部护理。观察组采用以下新方法。①断脐方法:以往主张脐带结扎部位在距脐轮0.1~1cm处[1],而我院使用脐带夹,紧贴脐轮,紧扣脐带,以不夹住新生儿皮肤为宜,距脐轮约0.1~0.2cm处沿脐夹上沿剪断脐带。2%碘伏消毒断面,将6层无菌纱布覆盖于脐带断端,并用纱布包绕脐夹…     

Umbilical anomalies.

During intrauterine development the primordia of the developing gastrointestinal and urinary tract come into close proximity in the umbilicus where the communication of these structures with the external environment is usually obliterated. In a small percentage of patients the omphalomesenteric duct and/or urachus may remain completely or partially patent. When complete patency is present, drainage of mucus, stool, or urine may occur. Partial patency may be manifest by an abdominal mass or by no symptoms at all. Definitive treatment includes total excision of the omphalomesenteric duct and/or urachus, lest recanalization of remnant tissue or carcinoma in later life occur.     

Umbilical Cord Cysts

Objective. The purpose of this series was to determine whether the use of different 3‐dimensional (3D) sonographic modes allows better definition of umbilical cord cysts and pseudocysts in utero. Methods. Two cases of umbilical cord cysts and 1 of a pseudocyst were analyzed and compared with 2‐dimensional (2D), 3D, angiopower Doppler, tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI), virtual organ computer‐aided analysis (VOCAL), and automatic volume calculation (AVC) sonographic modes. All cases were followed during pregnancy. A karyotype analysis was also obtained. Results. Three‐dimensional sonography, TUI, and VOCAL allowed clear visualization and evaluation of the sizes, locations, and numbers of umbilical cord cysts. A clear differentiation between a pseudocyst and the yolk sac was obtained with AVC and angiopower Doppler sonography. The 3D sonographic surface mode allowed better visualization of other accompanying fetal malformations. Conclusions. Three‐dimensional sonography allows for a more accurate diagnosis and provides a clearer visualization of malformations than 2D imaging. Cysts and pseudocysts can be defined much more accurately by using the different modes described here.     

Umbilical cord blood transplantation

Umbilical cord blood transplantation (CBT) has been widely used as an alternative source of hematopoietic cell support for stem cell transplant patients. CBT offers several advantages over traditional stem cell sources, such as immediate availability, absence of risk for donors, lower risk of acute graft-versus-host disease, and a less stringent requirement for human leukocyte antigen matching. Recent studies suggest that CBT is a safe and effective strategy for adult patients lacking a suitable related or unrelated donor. However, delayed engraftment and delayed immune reconstitution are significant clinical problems. Novel strategies, such as the use of multiple donors, cotransplantation with accessory cells, ex vivo expansion of cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells, graft manipulation to improve T-cell recovery, and pharmacologic interventions to restore early thymopoiesis, hold promise to enhance engraftment and immune reconstitution after CBT. These approaches may significantly increase the quality and availability of cord blood for transplantation.     

Umbilical cord blood transplantation

Interest in umbilical cord blood as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells is growing rapidly. Umbilical cord blood offers the clinician a source of hematopoietic stem cells that are readily available and rarely contaminated by latent viruses. Moreover, the collection of umbilical cord blood poses no risk to the donor; there is no need for general anesthesia or blood replacement, and the procedure causes no discomfort. Whether cord blood lymphocytes are as likely to cause GVHD as lymphocytes from older individuals is unknown. Current clinical experience would suggest that the incidence may be low. Few of the patients who have thus far received umbilical cord blood, including recipients of HLA-disparate grafts, have developed clinically significant GVHD. These results and associated laboratory findings pose intriguing possibilities for the future of umbilical cord blood stem cells in the setting of unrelated-donor transplantation. With the marked incidence of Grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD that is currently observed after unrelated-donor bone marrow transplantation, a reduction in incidence or severity would be a major advance in this field. In the setting of autologous marrow transplantation, there are other intriguing possibilities; for example, cord blood may be an optimal source of pluripotential stem cells for use in gene therapy. As detailed in Broxmeyer's review, the large-scale collection and storage of cord blood stem cells is no longer just a concept; it has become a reality. Pilot programs for the banking of unrelated-donor umbilical cord blood have already begun in the United States and Europe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

脐带绕颈对胎儿脐静脉血流的影响

目的 探讨妊娠晚期脐带绕颈对胎儿脐静脉血流的影响。方法 随机选择孕龄36~40周,脐带绕颈但尚无产兆的孕妇65例,观察在无胎动、无胎儿呼吸运动时脐静脉血流速度并记录。结果 有脐带绕颈的胎儿,脐静脉血流速度明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 无产兆的胎儿处于静息状态时,脐带绕颈对胎儿脐静脉血流速度有一定影响。其原因是脐带缠绕形成局部环状管道,血流的离心力增加了系统的阻力,导致动能减少,血流速度下降。     

脐带夹和气门芯双重结扎并离断新生儿脐带的效果

目的 探讨脐带夹和气门芯双重结扎并离断新生儿脐带的临床效果.方法 将210名新生儿随机分为3组,每组各70例,分别采用气门芯、脐带夹、脐带夹和气门芯双重法结扎并离断脐带.结果 脐带夹和气门芯双重结扎并离断脐带组脐带残端渗血、分泌物增多和脐周红肿的发生率均低于其余两组(均P<0.05),脐带夹组残端渗血的发生率最高(34...