HPLC法测定米诺地尔搽剂中米诺地尔的含量

目的建立用于测定米诺地尔搽剂中米诺地尔含量的HPLE法。方法采用HPLC法测定,色谱柱：Hypersil ODS2 （250mm×4．6mm,5μm）,流动相：V（甲醇）：V（0．1％三乙胺水溶液）=25：75,检测波长285nm,柱温30℃,流速1mL·min^-1。结果米诺地尔在质量浓度6．6—39．6mg·L^-1内与峰面积之间呈现良好的线性关系（r=0．9996）,平均回收率为107．99％,RSD为0．99％。结论本方法简便、灵敏度高,能准确检测米诺地尔搽剂中米诺地尔的含量,可作为米诺地尔搽剂质量控制的有效测量方法。     

米诺地尔凝胶的制备及临床疗效观察

目的：研制米诺地尔凝胶，治疗雄激素脱发。方法：以卡波普作为凝胶基质制备米诺地尔凝胶，用紫外分光光度法进行含量测定。结果：米诺地尔在287nm波长处，4～16μg／ml浓度范围内，浓度与吸收度之间线性关系良好。其回归方程C=21．1487A 0．01177，r=0．9994，平均回收率为99．88％，RSD=0．72％(n=5)，临床有效率63．04％。结论：米诺地尔凝胶性质稳定，具有良好的临床疗效，未发现毒副作用。     

紫外分光光度法测定米诺地尔洗剂中米诺地尔的含量

目的 建立米诺地尔洗剂的含量测定方法。方法 采用紫外分光光度法测定洗剂中米诺地尔的含量。结果 测定波长231nm，在1～7μg／ml浓度范围内吸收度与浓度线性关系良好(r=0．9998)，平均回收率99．29％，RSD 0．05％(n=4)。结论 本法方便快捷，结果准确，可用于米诺地尔洗剂的质量控制。     

紫外分光光度法测定米诺地尔酊的含量

目的：用紫外分光光度法测米诺地尔酊中米诺地尔的含量,为该药提供质量控制方法。方法：紫外分光光度法。结果：米诺地尔浓度在０．５～６μｇ·ｍｌ－１范围内吸收度与溶液浓度呈线性关系（ｒ＝０．９９９９,ｎ＝５）,回收率为１００．４％,ＲＳＤ为０．１０％（ｎ＝５）。结论：该法能作为米诺地尔酊含量测定的方法,而且简便、准确、快速。     

米诺地尔洗剂的含量测定及稳定性

目的：建立米诺地尔洗剂的含量测定方法,预测它的有效期。方法：采用紫外分光光度法测定米诺地尔洗剂含量,用初均速法研究它的稳定性。结果：测定波长２８７ｎｍ,回收率１００．２％,ＲＳＤ为０．５％。在室温（２０℃）条件下米诺地尔洗剂有效期预测为６．７个月。结论：其稳定性与温度有关,符合Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ公式。含量测定方法简便、快速、准确。     

复方米诺地尔溶液中米诺地尔的含量测定

目的　测定复方米诺地尔溶液中米诺地尔的含量,为该药提供质量控制指标。方法　采用紫外分光光度法,测定复方米诺地尔溶液中米诺地尔的含量。结果　米诺地尔浓度在1～5mg·L-1范围内吸收度与溶液浓度呈线性关系(r =0 . 9999,n =3) ,回收率为10 1. 0 % ,RSD为0 .34% (n =6 )。结论　该法能排除干扰,可作为复方米诺地尔溶液质量控制的有效方法之一。     

5%米诺地尔搽剂的制备及稳定性

米诺地尔（minoxidil）局部外用可用于治疗簇状脱发（斑秃）和雄激素所致脱发（男性化脱发），常用浓度为2％，但近年发现5％米诺地尔的效果明显优于2％的米诺地尔，且无明显的毒副作用。本研究介绍了5％米诺地尔搽剂的制备方法、质量控制方法及其稳定性。     

米诺地尔生发液的制备及稳定性考察

目的 探讨米诺地尔生发液的制备及质量控制方法，并预测其有效期。方法 采用紫外分光光度法测定含量，以初均速法考察稳定性。结果 检测波长为280nm；米诺地尔浓度在2～10μg/mL范围内与吸收度呈良好线性关系，C=9．1291A-0.1472，r=0.9999（n=6）平均回收率为100．38％（n=9）；在室温（20℃）条件下，2％，5％米诺地尔生发液有效期分别为13个月和10个月。结论 该制剂稳定，制备简便，含量测定方法简便、准确，其稳定性与温度有关，符合Arrhenius公式。     

高效液相色谱法测定米诺地尔搽剂中米诺地尔的含量

目的建立测定米诺地尔搽剂中米诺地尔含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检验方法。方法采用Nova-PaKC18色谱柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(70∶30),流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为285nm。结果米诺地尔在2.5～20mg/L浓度范围内含量与峰面积比呈现良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.5%,RSD为1.85%,最低检出浓度为0.5mg/L。结论本法能准确检测米诺地尔搽剂中米诺地尔的含量,因此可作为米诺地尔搽剂质量控制的有效测量方法。     

一阶导数光谱法测定斑秃搽剂中米诺地尔的含量

目的：建立斑秃搽剂中米诺地尔的含量测定方法。方法：采用一阶导数光谱法直接测定斑秃搽剂中米诺地尔的含量，测定波长为298nm。结果：线性范围为6～14μg／mL，r=0．99998，平均回收率为100．22％，RSD=l、06％(n=9)。结论：方法简便、快速、准确，可消除该制剂中其他组分的干扰，适用于医院制剂的质量控制。     

Minoxidil in severe hypertension

Summary Minoxidil is a potent anti-hypertensive drug which acts on the peripheral arteriolar smooth muscle. It was administered to 14 patients with severe hypertension where standard therapy failed to control the blood pressure. The mean initial blood pressure was 209/129 when receiving treatment. Minoxidil was given in doses varying from 7.5 to 40 mg (mean = 24 mg) and was associated with propranolol (mean dose = 170 mg) and furosemide (mean dose = 120 mg). Twelve patients had an adequate therapeutic response. The systolic blood pressure was reduced by 44 mm Hg which represents a 23±3% reduction and the diastolic blood pressure was reduced by 33 mm Hg which represents a 26±3% reduction. Two patients were considered treatment failures and two patients died during Minoxidil treatment. Three patients showed electrocardiographic changes caracterized by T wave inversion at the onset of Minoxidil treatment and these changes were reversible in two. All patients except two had hirsutism and two women developped polymenorrhea. Other side effects consisted of tachycardia and weight gains. One patient with lupus erythematodes had an exacerbation of her disease while on Minoxidil. Minoxidil represents a useful and effective adjuvant to the treatment of resistant hypertension. It can delay bilateral nephrectomy in patients with terminal renal failure and high blood pressure.     

高效液相色谱法测定生发素中米诺地尔含量

目的建立测定生发素中米诺地尔含量的高效液相色谱法。方法采用C18色谱柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为0.03mol/L的K2HPO4溶液(pH=3.3)-甲醇(55∶45),检测波长287 nm,流速0.9 mL/min,柱温30℃,进样量10μL。结果米诺地尔质量浓度在2.16～15.12μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 96),平均回收率为99.36%,RSD为1.21%(n=6)。结论高效液相色谱法简便、准确、灵敏,适用于生发素中米诺地尔的含量测定。     

HPLC测定化妆品中非法添加的米诺地尔

目的：建立化妆品中米诺地尔的检测方法,对化妆品中非法添加的该成分进行快速鉴定。方法：以迪马C18柱(4.6×250mm,5μm)为分析柱;采用甲醇-水-冰醋酸(730∶270∶10)(每1000ml中含磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯3.0g,并用高氯酸调节pH值至3.0)为流动相;流速1.0 mL.min-1;检测波长280nm。结果：米诺地尔在1～100μg.mL-1浓度范围内线性良好;最低检测限为5 μg.g-1(S/N=3);方法平均回收率100.4%。结论:本法快速准确、专属性强、灵敏度高,可用于育发类化妆品中米诺地尔的检测。     

Fatal Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Associated with Minoxidil

Minoxidil is a direct-acting peripheral vasodilator for the treatment of symptomatic hypertension, or refractory hypertension associated with target organ damage, that is not manageable with a diuretic and two other antihypertensive drugs. The most frequent adverse events associated with minoxidil include hypertrichosis and cardiovascular events related to its powerful antihypertensive effect, and less frequently, rashes, bullous eruptions, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Evidence suggests that SJS and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are variants of a single disease with common causes and mechanisms, but differing severities. Epidermal detachment is mild in SJS, moderate in overlap SJS-TEN, and severe (> 30% of body surface area) in TEN. We describe a case of minoxidil-associated SJS that evolved into fatal TEN. A 69-year-old African-American woman with a history of chronic kidney disease was admitted to the hospital for a cerebrovascular accident and uncontrolled hypertension. On hospital day 12, oral minoxidil was added to her drug regimen. On day 23, she developed a maculopapular rash on her face that gradually diffused to her chest and back. Vesicles and papular lesions extended to her extremities and mucosal membranes; results of a skin biopsy revealed SJS. A positive Nikolsky's sign (blisters spread on application of pressure) was detected. On days 27–31, diffuse bullae developed with rash exacerbation. Skin detachment exceeded 30% and was consistent with TEN. The patient died on day 39. An evaluation of the causality and time course suggested that minoxidil was the most likely culpable drug, with a Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale score indicating that the likelihood of the association was possible (score of 3). The mechanism of this reaction has not been well elucidated. It may be related to an impaired clearance of the minoxidil metabolite, or an immune stimulation resulting in apoptosis and epidermis destruction. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of fatal TEN associated with minoxidil. This case report emphasizes the importance of monitoring for serious dermatologic reactions in patients receiving minoxidil therapy.     

快速筛查中草药育发类产品中非法添加米诺地尔的研究

目的建立了一种快速筛查中草药育发类产品中违法添加化学物质米诺地尔的方法,同时建立其液相色谱确证方法。方法采用试管法快速筛查样品中所含米诺地尔,采用液相色谱法对米诺地尔进行定性定量分析。结果 38批次产品中6批次检出米诺地尔。快筛方法的检出限为3.12 mg/mL,液相色谱法测得米诺地尔在0.201~50.360μg/mL时,色谱峰面积与分析浓度呈良好线性关系,检出限（S/N=3）和定量限（S/N=10）分别为0.05μg/mL和0.17μg/mL。加标高、中、低3个浓度水平的回收率分别为101.7%、96.9%和96.6%,RSD分别为2.5%、1.3%和1.3%。结论所建立的快筛方法简便快捷、灵敏度高,液相色谱法专属性强,重现性好,可作为该类产品是否添加米诺地尔的检测方法。     

Mechanism of the interaction of propranolol and a potent vasodilator antihypertensive agent — Minoxidil

Summary A study, using non-invasive techniques, was carried out in ten patients with essential hypertension to examine the mechanism of the hypotensive effect of propranolol when used in combination with a potent vasodilator antihypertensive — minoxidil. The hypotensive effect of minoxidil, a mean (± SEM) decrease of 42.4±4.3 mm Hg, was accompanied by a marked increase in heart rate, cardiac index and plasma renin activity and a significant decrease in total peripheral resistance, limb vascular resistance and pre-ejection period. Addition of propranolol further reduced mean arterial pressure by an average of 12.9±2.0 mm Hg. Propranolol returned cardiac index to control values and total peripheral resistance index rose but not to control levels. Plasma renin activity was significantly reduced by propranolol. By multiple regression analysis no correlation was found between propranolol-induced decrease in mean arterial pressure and changes in cardiac index, total peripheral resistance index or plasma renin activity. Quantitatively, the reduction in cardiac index observed probably accounted for the hypotensive effect of propranolol. The role of plasma renin activity reduction in the hypotensive effect of propranolol in this situation remains to be clarified. The findings in the present study were consonant with the known actions of vasodilator antihypertensive agents and propranolol and indicate the applicability of non-invasive methodology to the investigation of cardiovascular drugs in man.     

HPLC法测定米诺地尔微乳中米诺地尔的含量

摘 要 目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定米诺地尔微乳中米诺地尔的含量。方法: 色谱柱:Diamonsil C18柱（200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相:甲醇 水 冰醋酸 十二烷基硫酸钠 (70 ∶〖KG-*4〗30 ∶〖KG-*4〗0.03 ∶〖KG-*4〗0.045)(v/v/v/w),流速：1.0 ml·min-1,检测波长：280 nm,进样量：10 μl,柱温：30℃。结果: 米诺地尔在5.00~100.00 μg·ml-1线性关系良好（r=0.999 7）,平均回收率为99.12%,RSD为1.60%（n=9）。结论: 该方法简便,准确,灵敏,重复性好,专属性强,可用于该制剂的含量测定。     

Pharmacokinetics of minoxidil in patients with cirrhosis and healthy volunteers

Objectives: To determine the effect of reduced hepatic function on the pharmacokinetics of minoxidil. The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine, lorazepam, and indocyanine green were included as indicators of hepatic function. Methods: Eight mild cirrhotics and eight healthy subjects received antipyrine (po), lorazepam (IV), indocyanine green (IV) and minoxidil 5 mg (po). Blood and urine were sampled for up to 72 h after each drug, and drug concentrations were measured by validated HPLC methods. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured for safety. Results: For unchanged minoxidil, the serum elimination rate constant was significantly smaller and mean residence time was significantly longer in cirrhotic patients. Urinary elimination rate constant for minoxidil glucuronide was significantly smaller and fraction of dose excreted in urine was significantly higher in cirrhotic patients. Antipyrine elimination was significantly slower for cirrhotic patients. No differences were observed in lorazepam pharmacokinetic parameters. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic analysis suggests a longer dosage interval may be appropriate in patients with hepatic impairment. In the absence of multiple-dose minoxidil pharmacodynamic studies in this population, minoxidil should be used as in other populations: begin with a modest dose, and adjust the dose based on clinical response. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.