Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among adults--United States, 2004

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer in the United States. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended a comprehensive strategy to eliminate HBV transmission, including prevention of perinatal HBV transmission; universal vaccination of infants; catch-up vaccination of unvaccinated children and adolescents; and vaccination of unvaccinated adults at increased risk for infection. The incidence of acute hepatitis B has declined 75%, from 8.5 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 2.1 per 100,000 population in 2004, with the greatest declines (94%) among children and adolescents. Incidence remains highest among adults, who accounted for approximately 95% of the estimated 60,000 new infections in 2004. To measure hepatitis B vaccination coverage among adults, data were analyzed from the 2004 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, during 2004, 34.6% of adults aged 18-49 years reported receiving hepatitis B vaccine, including 45.4% of adults at high risk for HBV infection. To accelerate elimination of HBV transmission in the United States, public health programs and clinical care providers should implement strategies to ensure that adults at high risk are offered hepatitis B vaccine.     

2009～2011年潍坊市15岁以下儿童乙肝疫苗漏种补种情况调查

[目的]了解潍坊市乙肝疫苗漏种补种情况,为降低儿童乙肝病毒感染率和乙肝表面抗原携带率提供科学依据。[方法]2009～2011年,对潍坊市1994年1月1日至2001年12月31日出生的未接种或未完成乙肝疫苗全程接种儿童进行调查并实施补种乙肝疫苗。[结果]调查儿童692 661人,查出漏种乙肝疫苗儿童101 351人,漏种率为14.63%;应补种101 351针次,实补种100 963人,补种率为99.62%。其中1针次、2针次和3针次乙肝疫苗补种率分别为99.62%、99.60%、99.62%。2009～2011年补种率分别为99.82%、99.10%、99.89%。[结论]潍坊市15岁以下儿童乙肝疫苗补种率较高。     

Progress in hepatitis B prevention through universal infant vaccination--China, 1997-2006

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of illness and death in China. Approximately 60% of the population has a history of HBV infection, and 9.8% of persons in China are chronically infected with HBV and at risk for premature death from liver disease. Each year, an estimated 263,000 persons in China die from HBV-related liver cancer or cirrhosis, accounting for 37%-50% of HBV-related deaths worldwide. Because most HBV infections occur during infancy or early childhood, when HBV infection is most likely to become chronic, vaccination of infants beginning at birth is the key strategy for preventing chronic HBV infection. This report describes China's progress in increasing coverage among infants with hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) and timely administration of the HepB birth dose (i.e., within 24 hours of birth). Infant vaccination coverage with both the timely birth dose and the complete vaccine series was substantially higher among children born during 2003 than among those born during 1997; timely birth-dose coverage increased from 29.1% to 75.8%, and HepB series completion increased from 70.7% to 89.8%. Furthermore, in economically disadvantaged populations in western and middle provinces targeted by the China-Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (China-GAVI) project, reported coverage with timely HepB birth dose increased from 64% in 2004 to 81% in 2006, and coverage with the complete HepB series increased from 52% in 2001 to 92% in 2006. China has established a goal to reduce chronic HBV infection among children aged <5 years to <1% by 2010. Achieving this goal will require continued commitment to increasing vaccination coverage in impoverished regions and ensuring that infants born at home are vaccinated within 24 hours of birth.     

广东省乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查研究

目的了解广东省人群乙型肝炎（乙肝）病毒（HBV）感染现状,评价乙肝疫苗免疫策略的效果。方法采取多阶段随机抽样方法,对全省6县区3 927名1-59岁人群进行乙肝血清流行病学研究,用ELISA方法检测乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）和乙肝核心抗体（抗-HBc）,并调查1-14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种情况。结果广东省1-59岁人群HBsAg阳性率、抗-HBs阳性率、抗-HBc阳性率和HBV感染率经标化后分别为15.46%、61.51%、49.46%和66.20%。1-14岁人群HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率明显低于15-59岁人群。1-4岁人群HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率低于5-14岁人群,而抗-HBs阳性率高于5-14岁人群。HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率：男性高于女性,农村高于城市,城市人群抗-HBs阳性率高于农村。1-4岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为91.90%,全程接种率89.01%,首针及时接种率为58.38%,明显高于5-14岁人群。结论广东省仍是乙肝高流行区;乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫策略效果显著,1-14岁人群HBsAg携带率和HBV感染有不同程度下降,1-4岁下降尤为明显。     

Hepatitis A vaccination coverage among children aged 24-35 months--United States, 2004-2005

After the licensure of hepatitis A vaccine in 1995 for children aged > or =24 months, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) incrementally expanded the proportion of children for whom it recommended the vaccine. In 1996, ACIP recommended vaccinating children in communities that had high rates of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, including American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and selected Hispanic and religious communities. In 1999, ACIP extended the recommendation to include routine vaccination for all children living in states, counties, and communities with incidence rates twice the 1987-1997 national average of 10 cases per 100,000 population (i.e., > or =20 cases per 100,000 population); ACIP also recommended considering vaccination for children living in states, counties, and communities with incidence rates exceeding the 1987-1997 national average (i.e., >10 to <20 cases per 100,000 population). National estimates of hepatitis A vaccination coverage were first made available through the 2003 National Immunization Survey (NIS), which indicated an overall national 1-dose coverage level of 16.0% (range: 6.4%-72.7%) among children aged 24-35 months. The estimates in this report update those findings by including 2 additional years of data (2004 and 2005). National 1-dose vaccination-coverage levels among children aged 24-35 months increased from 17.6% in 2004 to 21.3% in 2005. Coverage in states where vaccination was recommended (overall in 2005: 56.5%; range: 12.9%-71.0%) was below those for other recommended childhood vaccinations, such as varicella (87.5% in 2004). Despite low hepatitis A vaccination-coverage levels compared with other recommended childhood vaccinations, incidence of acute HAV infections have declined to the lowest level ever recorded. The 2005 licensure of the hepatitis A vaccine for use in younger children (aged > or =12 months) and the 2006 ACIP guideline for routine hepatitis A vaccination of all children aged > or =12 months should result in improved vaccination coverage and further reductions in disease incidence.     

Hepatitis a vaccination coverage among children aged 24-35 months--United States, 2003

Hepatitis A vaccine was first licensed in the United States in 1995. In 1996, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended vaccination of children aged >/=24 months in populations with the highest incidence of hepatitis A (e.g., American Indian/Alaska Native [AI/AN], Asian/Pacific Islander, and selected Hispanic and religious communities). In 1999, these guidelines were expanded to recommend routine vaccination for children residing in 11 states where average annual hepatitis A incidence during 1987-1997 was at least 20 per 100,000 population (twice the national average) and to consider routine vaccination for children in six states where average annual incidence was 10-20 per 100,000 population. This report is the first national analysis of hepatitis A vaccination coverage among children. The results indicate that, in 2003, vaccination coverage levels with at least 1 dose of hepatitis A vaccine for children aged 24-35 months varied from 6.4% to 72.7% in areas where routine vaccination is recommended. In addition, hepatitis A vaccination coverage rates for children aged 24-35 months are lower than overall rates for other vaccines recommended for children. Sustaining and improving vaccination coverage among young children is needed to ensure continued declines in hepatitis A incidence in the United States.     

2006年枣庄市薛城区1～14岁农村儿童乙肝疫苗接种及其效果评价

[目的]了解1～14岁农村儿童乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况,分析乙肝疫苗的免疫效果。[方法]2006年10月,对枣庄市薛城区294名1～14岁儿童进行调查。[结果]调查儿童294名,乙肝疫苗第1针接种率为88.78%,3针全程接种率为85.71%,首针及时接种率为80.27%,占首针接种者的90.42%。1～14岁儿童HBV感染率为9.18%,其中有乙肝疫苗接种史的为5.75%,无乙肝疫苗接种史的为36.36%（P〈0.01）。[结论]薛城区农村1～14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率偏低,接种乙肝疫苗可明显降低儿童HBV感染率。     

2009年广东省部分地区1～14岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒感染状况分析

目的了解广东省部分地区1-14岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒感染现状，为制定乙肝高流行区防制策略提供科学理论依据。方法2009年在广东省韶关南雄市、汕尾海丰县和云浮新兴县采取分层多阶段随机抽样方法，抽取1～14岁儿童作调查对象，调查内容包括调查对象的基本情况、患病史以及乙肝疫苗接种史等，并采用雅培试剂化学发光法检测调查对象的HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc。结果共调查1185人，其中男性684人，女性501人；本地户籍占99．75％（1182／1185）。HBV感染率为11．22％（133／1185），HBsAg阳性率为2．53％（30／1185），抗-HBs阳性率为55．70％（660／1185），抗-HBc阳性率为7．85％（93／1185）。1～14岁儿童各年龄组之间HBV感染率、HB-sAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。南雄市HBsAg、抗-HBs阳性率（4．51％、67．17％）高于海丰县和新兴县，差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。调查的1～14岁人群中，乙肝疫苗接种率为87．34％（1035／1185）；在具有完整接种记录的890人中，全程接种率、首针及时接种率分别为90．90％（809／890）、78．31％（697／890），1～6、7～9和10～14岁组相比较，随着年龄的增长，乙肝疫苗全程接种率以及首针及时接种率逐渐降低，而HBsAg阳性率则逐渐升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论广东省调查地区1～14岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒感染水平高于全国平均水平，因此，应继续保持新生儿高水平的乙肝疫苗全程接种率并进一步提高首针及时接种率，加强儿童入托入学查验预防接种证工作并及时查漏补种，从而进一步降低乙型肝炎病毒的感染水平。     

Hepatitis B control among children in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization

In the pre-vaccination era, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) ranged from two to seven percent in a total population of over 580 million people. Mortality estimates place cirrhosis among the top ten causes of years of life lost in the EMR. The region has made notable achievements, improving coverage from only 6% in 1992, when WHO recommended hepatitis B vaccination of all infants, to 83% in 2014. Member states adopted a hepatitis B control target in 2009 to reduce chronic hepatitis B virus infection prevalence to less than one percent among children aged <5 years by 2015. This report reviews progress toward achievement, challenges faced, and the next steps forward of hepatitis B control among children in the EMR.     

Hepatitis B virus vaccination by French family physicians

Vaccine coverage against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in France has decreased to one of the lowest levels among countries that recommend it, over the last decade. The probable cause was that the vaccine was suspected to induce demyelinating diseases. We studied the factors limiting the use of HBV vaccine amongst French family physicians (FPs), who play a significant role in the implementation of the vaccination policy.

Method

We conducted a national survey in 2008, using an interactive questionnaire sent by e-mail to 2175 private general practitioners in metropolitan France. This questionnaire provided us with demographic data and information on perception, opinions and practices of FPs regarding HBV vaccination. It also assessed practical barriers to vaccination FPs encountered. The answer structure was analyzed by multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). An agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) identified typical behaviors among FPs. We determined and tested specific links among answers. The representativeness of the final sample (341 FPs) was tested.

Results

HBV vaccination for infants is increasingly recommended; children and teenage vaccine catch-up is less routinely recommended; 25% of FPs are opposed to systematic vaccination; the main barrier to vaccination, according to FPs, remains public opinion on the vaccine's potential adverse effects; barriers among physicians include excessive precaution principle in prescribing the vaccine and misconceptions on hepatitis B and vaccination.     

Two decades after vaccine license: hepatitis B immunization and infection among young men who have sex with men

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated hepatitis B immunization coverage and the extent of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among young men who have sex with men (MSM), a group for whom hepatitis B vaccine has been recommended since 1982. METHODS: We analyzed data from 3432 MSM, aged 15 to 22 years, randomly sampled at 194 gay-identified venues in 7 US metropolitan areas from 1994 through 1998. Participants were interviewed, counseled, and tested for serologic markers of HBV infection. RESULTS: Immunization coverage was 9% and the prevalence of markers of HBV infection was 11%. HBV infection ranged from 2% among 15-year-olds to 17% among 22-year-olds. Among participants susceptible to HBV infection, 96% used a regular source of health care or accessed the health care system for HIV or sexually transmitted disease testing. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the availability of an effective vaccine for nearly 2 decades, our findings suggest that few adolescent and young adult MSM in the United States are vaccinated against hepatitis B. Health care providers should intensify their efforts to identify and vaccinate young MSM who are susceptible to HBV.     

Hepatitis B vaccination among adolescents 13–17 years,United States, 2006–2012

BackgroundHepatitis B (HepB) vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent HBV infection. Routine HepB vaccination was recommended for infants in 1991 and catch-up vaccination has been recommended for adolescents since in 1995. The purpose of this study is to assess HepB vaccination among adolescents 13–17 years.MethodsThe 2006–2012 NIS-Teen were analyzed. Vaccination trends and coverage by birth cohort among adolescents were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal models are used to identify factors independently associated with HepB vaccination.ResultsHepB vaccination coverage increased from 81.3% in 2006 to 92.8% in 2012. Coverage varied by birth cohort and 79–83% received vaccination before 2 years of age for those who were born during 1995 and 1999. Among those who had not received vaccination by 11 years of age, for the 1993–1995 birth cohorts, 9–15% were vaccinated during ages 11–12 years, and 27–37% had been vaccinated through age 16 years. Coverage among adolescents 13–17 years in 2012 ranged by state from 84.4% in West Virginia to 98.7% in Florida (median 93.3%). Characteristics independently associated with a higher likelihood of HepB vaccination included living more than 5 times above poverty level, living in Northeastern or Southern region of the United States, and having a mixed facility as their vaccination provider. Those with a hospital listed as their vaccination provider and those who did not have a well-child visit at age 11–12 years were independently associated with a lower likelihood of HepB vaccination.ConclusionsEfforts focused on groups with lower coverage may reduce disparities in coverage and prevent hepatitis B infection. Parents and providers should routinely review adolescent immunizations. Routine reminder/recall, expanded access in health care settings, and standing order programs should be incorporated into routine clinical care of adolescents.     

2008年和2018年广州市HBV易感人群的流行病学特征

  目的  分析比较2008年和2018年广州市1~59岁HBV易感人群的流行病学特征,评价免疫策略效果。  方法  采用二阶段整群抽样法,于2008年和2018年在广州市随机抽取1~59岁常住人口进行乙肝血清流行病学调查。  结果  2008年和2018年调查显示,广州市1~59岁人群中HBV易感率分别为17.34%(95% CI:16.29%~18.39%)和19.77%(95% CI:18.54%~21.01%), 7~16岁人群易感率(2008年23.93%,2018年36.22%)较其他年龄组高。广州市1~59岁人群中单项HBcAb阳性率分别为6.63%(95% CI:5.94%~7.33%)和2.76%(95% CI:1.62%~3.91%),下降(58.34%)。有乙肝疫苗免疫史人群单项HBcAb阳性率降幅达81.73%。  结论  对易感人群,包括单项HBcAb阳性成年人补种、加强或重新接种乙肝疫苗,提高人群免疫水平,降低易感性。     

Hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence among children in the Philippines, 2018

The World Health Organization Western Pacific Region (WPR) set a hepatitis B virus (HBV) control target to achieve HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence of <1% among children aged 5 years by 2017. The estimated HBsAg prevalence in the Philippines among adults was 16.7% during the pre-vaccine era. We estimated the HBsAg seroprevalence among children aged 5–7 years to measure the impact of vaccination.We conducted a household serosurvey, using a three-stage cluster survey methodology (provinces, clusters, and households). We estimated HBsAg prevalence using a rapid, point-of-care HBsAg test and calculated vaccination coverage by reviewing vaccination records or by caregiver recall. A questionnaire was administered to assess demographic variables for the child and family. We assessed the association between chronic HBV infection, vaccination coverage, and demographic variables, accounting for the complex survey design.Of the 2178 children tested, HBsAg was detected in 15 children [0.8%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4, 1.7]. Only two of the HBsAg-positive children had been fully vaccinated against HBV. Based on documented vaccination or caregiver recall for the survey population, hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD) coverage was 53%, and the third dose hepatitis B vaccination (HepB3) coverage was 73 percent. Among the 1362 children with documented HepB-BD, timely HepB-BD coverage (given within 24 h of birth) was 43%; children born outside a health facility were less likely to receive a timely HepB-BD than those born in a health facility (adjusted odds ratio 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.23).HBsAg prevalence among children in the Philippines has decreased compared to the prevalence among adults in the pre-vaccination era. Strategies to further reduce HBsAg prevalence include ensuring that all children, whether born in health facilities or at home, receive a timely HepB-BD, and increasing HepB-BD and HepB3 coverage to reach the WPR goals of ≥95% coverage.     

蓬莱市农村人群乙肝疫苗接种和乙肝病毒感染相关性

目的分析评价乙肝疫苗免疫接种对蓬莱市农村居民乙肝病毒(HBV)感染变化的影响。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,对蓬莱市农村1～59岁常住人口共629人进行乙肝血清流行病学调查和乙肝疫苗接种率调查,采用ELISA法检测HB-sAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc等乙肝标志物。结果 629名调查对象HBV感染率为22.26%,HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别为2.70%、62.32%、18.44%。乙肝疫苗接种率由1992年以前出生人群的18.89%提高到2002-2006年出生人群的100.00%,HBV感染率由42.11%降为1.31%;有乙肝免疫史的人群HBV感染率和HBsAg、抗-HBc阳性率均低于无乙肝疫苗免疫史人群,抗-HBs阳性率明显高于无乙肝疫苗免疫史人群,乙肝疫苗保护率为85.63%。结论从1992年使用乙肝疫苗以来,不仅有效的减少了乙肝病毒携带状态,且乙肝疫苗保护率达到较好的效果,进一步说明接种乙肝疫苗可有效防止乙肝病毒的感染。     

Hepatitis B immunity in adolescents and necessity for boost vaccination: 23 years after nationwide hepatitis B virus vaccination program in Taiwan

The first universal hepatitis B vaccination program for newborns in the world was launched in Taiwan in July 1984. Most studies on the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination focused on the seroprevalence of HBs Ag among children under 14 years old. Only few studies focused on the seropositivity of anti-HBs among adolescents aged 15–18 years old. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program on the immunity to HBV infection and the necessity of boost among adolescents. In this study including eight annual seroprevalence surveys from 2000 to 2007, 2342 college entrants (1589 15-year-olds in group I and 753 18-year-olds in group II) and 1851 university freshmen (18-year-olds in group III) participated. Subjects identified anti-HBs, HBs Ag and anti-HBc negative were given boost three doses of HBV vaccine. The HBs Ag seroprevalence was 11.6%, 3.5% and 1.0% for participants who were born before 1984, 1984–1986 and after 1986. The anti-HBs-seropositive rates were significantly higher in group II (83.1%) than in group I (53.0%) and group III (53.5%). All 572 participants who were seronegative for anti-HBs, HBs Ag and anti-HBc became anti-HBs-seropositive after catch-up vaccination. It is concluded that the anti-HBs-seropositive rate decreased to 50% in 15 years after vaccination, and boost vaccination was 100% effective. The necessity and age for boost among anti-HBs negative adolescents and the timing of the first immunization should be further evaluated.     

四川省乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的 了解乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫后四川省乙肝病毒(HBV)感染情况.方法 利用血清流行病学分析方法.按多阶段随机抽样方法,对四川省8个调查县(区)共14个调查点调查并采集静脉血标本2～4 ml,共3806人份,用ELISA酶标法对标本进行HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc检测.结果 14个调查点人群HBsAg标化阳性率为7.05%;抗-HBs标化流行率为29.77%,HBV流行率为40.30%.15岁以下人群乙肝疫苗接种率为70.73%,HBsAg阳性率为2.62%,抗-HBs 56.68%;5岁以下儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为83.44%,HBsAg阳性率为1.47%,抗-HBs阳性率为67.69%.3岁以下儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为85.77%,HBsAg、抗-HBs阳性率分别为1.78%、75.44%.结论 四川省开展乙肝疫苗接种以来,人群乙肝流行病学特征发生改变,HBsAg阳性率、HBV流行率均有不同程度下降,15岁以下儿童下降更为明显.     

Newborn hepatitis B vaccination coverage among children born January 2003-June 2005--United States

Hepatitis B vaccine was first recommended for administration to all infants in 1991 by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) as the primary focus of a strategy to eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in the United States (1). The recommended timing of administration of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine to infants has evolved since then to optimize prevention of perinatal and early childhood HBV infections. In 1991, the first dose was recommended to be administered at birth before hospital discharge or at age 1--2 months. In 2002, ACIP indicated a preference for the first dose to be administered to newborns before hospital discharge. In December 2005, ACIP issued revised recommendations specifying that all medically stable newborns who weigh >/=2,000 g (4.4 lbs) receive their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine before hospital discharge. To measure hepatitis B vaccination coverage during the neonatal period, CDC analyzed data from the 2006 National Immunization Survey (NIS). This report summarizes the results of this analysis and provides national, state, and local data on vaccination coverage for infants who received the hepatitis B vaccine during the first days of life. The findings reveal that, during January 2003--June 2005, before implementation of the 2005 ACIP hepatitis B vaccine recommendation, the national newborn hepatitis B vaccination coverage estimate was 42.8% at age 1 day and 50.1% at age 3 days, with substantial variation by states and local areas. To comply with ACIP recommendations and increase coverage, delivery hospitals should provide hepatitis B vaccination of newborns as a standard of care.     

969名1～14岁藏族儿童乙型肝炎病毒感染的影响因素研究

目的探讨1-14岁藏族儿童乙型肝炎（乙肝）病毒（Hepatitis B Virus,HBV）感染的主要影响因素。方法对2006年全国乙肝血清流行病学调查中,969名1-14岁藏族儿童采用单因素和二元逻辑斯蒂（Logistic）回归分析HBV感染者。结果有乙肝疫苗（Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB）免疫史是儿童免受HBV感染的保护因素,居住城市、无HepB免疫史、有口腔诊疗史和创伤性美容史是儿童感染HBV的危险因素。结论继续推广目前实施的HepB免疫策略,加强对新生儿的首剂及时、全程、合格的HepB接种,控制医源性感染,开发有当地文化特色阻断HBV传播的健康教育策略。     

云南省2019年8月龄-14岁儿童乙型肝炎血清流行率调查

目的了解2019年云南省<15岁儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)血清流行率。方法采用分层随机抽样在云南省所有县(市、区)抽取387个乡镇1149个村(居委会、社区)的8月龄-14岁儿童,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)和乙肝核心抗体(HBcAb),分析三项标志物组合模式和阳性率。结果在21177名调查儿童中共检出8种HBsAg、HBsAb和HBcAb组合模式,其中三项指标均阴性、仅HBsAb阳性、HBsAb和HBcAb阳性、仅HBcAb阳性分别占31.26%、59.40%、6.46%、2.51%。儿童HBsAg、HBsAb、HBcAb总阳性率分别为0.37%、66.00%、9.17%;乙肝疫苗(HepB)全程接种、未全程接种、免疫史不详儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为0.35%、0.59%、0.82%(χ²=5.27,P=0.07);首剂及时、不及时接种儿童分别为0.34%、0.58%(χ²=4.48,P=0.03)。8月龄-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为0.32%、0.43%、0.61%(趋势χ²=5.05,P=0.03)。结论2019年云南省8月龄-14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率降至较低水平,但随年龄增长呈增加趋势;HepB接种对阻断儿童乙肝传播的效果显著。需进一步提高适龄儿童HepB全程和首剂及时接种率。