泮托拉唑对十二指肠球部溃疡出血胃酸抑制的疗效观察

目的 比较国产泮托拉唑与进口奥关拉唑注射液对十二指肠球部溃疡出血患者的疗效及胃内24hpH值的影响。方法 将20例患者随机分为国产泮托拉唑治疗组（治疗组）和进口奥美拉唑治疗组（对照组），用携带式pH记录仪进行胃内24hpH值连续监测，记录两组患者呕吐咖啡色液体、解柏油样便停止时间及药物的不良反应。结果 治疗组患者呕吐咖啡色液体均于入院后12h停止，解柏油样便停止时间为1．33d，胃内pH值〉2，4，6．4的时间分别为（22．6±1.7）h，（17．9±5．9）h和（9．9±4．2）h，与对照组比较，差异无显著性（P〉0．05），用药过程中两组均未见明显不良反应。结论 国产泮托拉唑与进口奥关拉唑注射液具有同样的有效性和安全性。     

国产泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠球部溃疡出血的临床观察

质子泵抑制剂泮托拉唑能有效抑制胃酸分泌．是各种酸相关性疾病的有效治疗药物。本试验以奥美拉唑为对照，评价国产泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠球部溃疡出血的疗效。     

泮托拉唑三联疗法治疗十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效分析

目的比较分析泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑为基础的三联疗法在治疗十二指肠溃疡的疗效。方法回顾分析确诊为十二指肠溃疡患者116例,随机分为泮托拉唑组和奥美拉唑组,每组各58例,两组均给予阿莫西林和克拉霉素,泮托拉唑组加服泮托拉唑,奥美拉唑组加服奥美拉唑,治疗满4周后,通过胃镜比较两组溃疡愈合的情况。结果泮托拉唑组和奥美拉唑组溃疡愈合率分别为93.1%和91.4%。两组疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论泮托拉唑和奥美拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡,溃疡愈合率相当。泮托拉唑的不良反应较少。     

泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效比较

目的评价泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析120例十二指肠溃疡患者,随机分为泮托拉唑组和奥美拉唑组,每组均为60例,分别服泮托拉唑40 mg,每日1次口服,奥美拉20 mg每日1次口服,治疗4周后复查胃镜,比较两组溃疡愈合情况。结果泮托拉唑组和奥美拉唑组的总有效率分别为95%与85%,两组治疗总有效率统计学差异有意义(P<0.05)。结论泮托拉唑在治疗十二指肠溃疡方面,疗效优于奥美拉唑,患者耐受性好,值得临床推广。     

泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡98例临床疗效及安全性分析

目的：分析泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效及安全性。方法收集我院2013年9月～2015年1月期间诊治的98例十二指肠溃疡患者作为研究对象,依据患者的治疗方式将患者分为泮托拉唑组（49例）与奥美拉唑组（49例）,奥美拉唑组患者给予奥美拉唑治疗,泮托拉唑组采用泮托拉唑治疗,观察患者的治疗效果、症状改善情况、耐受情况。结果比较两组患者的治疗效果、症状改善情况、耐受情况发现,泮托拉唑组治疗总有效率明显高于奥美拉唑组（P＜0．05）,症状改善情况明显优于奥美拉唑组（P＜0．05）,且泮托拉唑组耐受情况明显优于奥美拉唑组（ P＜0．05）。结论泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡具有良好的临床疗效,且患者的耐受性良好,具有很高的安全性,是一种值得推广的治疗药物。     

药物治疗胃十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效观察

目的观察泮托拉唑和奥美拉唑治疗胃十二指肠溃疡的疗效及不良反应,用于指导临床合理用药。方法选择胃十二指肠溃疡患者150例,随机分成治疗组及对照组各75例,将治疗组用泮托拉唑治疗与对照组奥美拉唑治疗进行疗效比较观察。结果治疗组治愈56例(71.34%),总有效率93.67%;对照组治愈32例(42.66%),总有效率73.33%。治疗组明显优于对照组,经统计学处理差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论泮托拉唑治疗胃十二指肠溃疡疗效显著,能够明显缩短疗程,可以降低复发率,值得临床推广应用。     

泮托拉唑致过敏性休克1例

文中报道1例65岁男性因十二指肠球部溃疡给予泮托拉唑注射剂80 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 mL静脉滴注,在滴入液体约100 mL,25 min时出现过敏性休克,对泮托拉唑致过敏性休克的机制、处理措施以及国内外相关报道进行了总结。     

泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠球部溃疡近期疗效观察

目的：探讨泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠球部溃疡的近期疗效。方法：70例十二指肠球部溃疡患者随机分成2组,各35例,分别服用泮托拉唑片剂40mg及兰索拉唑胶囊30mg,每日一次,疗程4周,结果：泮托拉唑组和兰索拉唑组溃疡愈合率分别为91．4％及94．3％,总有效率均为1005,两组无显著差异（P＞0．05）,但在缓解疼痛症状上泮 拉唑比兰索拉唑更迅速,两者有显著差异（P＜0．05）,结论：泮托拉唑治疗十二指肠球部溃疡有很好的近期疗效,且不良反应少。     

泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑三联疗法治疗十二指肠溃疡的比较

目的:比较泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑三联疗法治疗十二指肠溃疡的疗效与不良反应;方法:将116名患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各58例,分别采用泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑三联疗法,两组疗程相同,运用对照法观察二种方法治疗十二指肠溃疡的疗效及副作用;结果:泮托拉唑三联疗法治疗十二指肠溃疡总有效率、主要症状消失率与缓解率均较奥美拉唑组为优,其不良反应相当;结论:泮托拉唑三联疗法治疗十二指肠溃疡见效快,依从性好,安全有效。     

泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效分析

目的观察分析使用泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效。方法从本院2008年5月至2012年3月收治的十二指肠溃疡患者中抽取120例,随机分为观察组与对照组,观察组患者使用泮托拉唑进行治疗,对照组患者使用奥美拉唑进行治疗,对比观察两组患者的临床疗效。结果观察组患者腹痛消失时间明显少于对照组,P〈0.05,差异有统计学意义;两组患者临床治疗总有效率没有明显差异,P〉0.05,不具有统计学意义。结论对于十二指肠溃疡患者,使用泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗均具有理想的临床疗效,但泮托拉唑对腹痛缓解更为迅速,优于奥美拉唑,具有在临床推广应用的价值。     

Drug information made digestible

This study investigated the characteristics associated with treatment dropout in cocaine-dependent patients. A sample of 102 cocaine-addicted patients (89 male patients and 13 female patients) was assessed at entry to a therapeutic programme in order to collect information on socio-demographic, psychopathological (assessed by SCL-90-R), personality (assessed by MCMI-II), legal and consumption variables (assessed by EuropAsi). The rate of patients who dropped out of the intervention programme was 30.4% (N = 31) of the sample. Dropouts and completers were compared on all studied variables. According to the results obtained, dropouts showed a significantly higher score on the EuropAsi variables related to alcohol consumption, family problems and need for psychological treatment, as well as on the histrionic and antisocial scales of the MCMI-II. Moreover, all patients with histrionic personality disorder dropped out of the treatment. On the other hand, completers showed a significantly higher score on the compulsive scale of the MCMI-II. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are commented upon.     

Fast dissolving films made of maltodextrins

This work aimed to study maltodextrins (MDX) with a low dextrose equivalent as film forming material and their application in the design of oral fast-dissolving films. The suitable plasticizer and its concentration were selected on the basis of flexibility, tensile strength and stickiness of MDX films, and the MDX/plasticizer interactions were investigated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Flexible films were obtained by using 16–20% w/w glycerin (GLY). This basic formulation was adapted to the main production technologies, casting and solvent evaporation (Series C) or hot-melt extrusion (Series E), by adding sorbitan monoleate (SO) or cellulose microcrystalline (MCC), respectively. MCC decreased the film ductility and significantly affected the film disintegration time both in vitro and in vivo (Series C < 10 s; Series E  1 min). To assess the film loading capacity, piroxicam (PRX), a water insoluble drug, was selected. The loading of a drug as a powder decreased the film ductility, but the formulation maintained satisfactory flexibility and resistance to elongation for production and packaging procedures. The films present a high loading capacity, up to 25 mg for a surface of 6 cm². The PRX dissolution rate significantly improved in Series C films independently of the PRX/MDX ratio.     

国产维库溴铵的临床肌松效应观察

目的 比较国产维库溴铵与进口同类产品的临床肌松效能以及对血液对力学的影响。方法 ＡＳＡ Ⅰ～Ⅱ级手术病人２６例，随机分为两组（ｎ＝１３）。记录肌松的起效时间，无反应期，四个成串刺激（ＴＯＦ）恢复２５％、５０％、７５％的恢复时间和恢复指数，观察插管条件，连续记录诱导插管期间ＭＡＰ、ＨＲ的变化。结果 两组气管插管优良率均为１００％。两组的起效时间、无反应期、ＴＯＦ恢复时间、恢复指数经统计学处理差异均无     

葡萄糖醛酸内酯体系制备的褐藻胶凝胶特性的研究

目的建立葡萄糖醛酸内酯体系,制作褐藻酸钙凝胶食品。方法采用葡萄糖醛酸内酯体系缓慢释放钙离子。结果凝胶体系受钙离子、M/G以及葡萄糖醛酸内酯的量影响很大。随着钙离子浓度的增加,体系开始凝胶的时间逐渐缩短,贮藏模量(G′)、损耗模量(G″)、凝胶强度、复合黏度都逐渐增大;随着M/G的增加,G′、G″和凝胶强度都逐渐减少,而tanδ和凝胶时间逐渐增加;在褐藻酸钙凝胶形成过程中随着葡萄糖醛酸内酯的增加,凝胶点出现的时间逐渐缩短,对完全形成凝胶后的G′、G″和凝胶强度影响不大。结论葡萄糖醛酸内酯体系制备的褐藻胶凝胶结构比较均匀,对制作褐藻胶凝胶食品有利。     

Current status and progresses made in malaria chemotherapy

Malaria is the most important parasitic disease worldwide, affecting more than 500 million people and causing close to 1 million deaths per annum. This serious fact is mainly attributable to the emergence of drug resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The advances made in malaria chemotherapy based on unique aspects of the biochemistry and physiology of the responsible agents for this disease, parasites of Plasmodium genus, are covered in this review. Increasing resistance to conventional antimalarial drugs constitutes the main drawback for the persistence of this disease. In the present article, a comprehensive analysis of selected molecular targets is depicted in terms of their potential utility as chemotherapeutic agents. Our review focuses on different and important molecular targets for drug design that include proteases that hydrolyze hemoglobin, protein farnesyltransferase, heme detoxification pathway, polyamine pathways, dihydrofolate reductase, artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), etc. Therefore, rational approaches to control malaria targeting metabolic pathways of malaria parasites which are essential for parasites survival are presented.     

How clinical decisions are made

There is much variation in the implementation of the best available evidence into clinical practice. These gaps between evidence and practice are often a result of multiple individual decisions. When making a decision, there is so much potentially relevant information available, it is impossible to know or process it all (so called 'bounded rationality'). Usually, a limited amount of information is selected to reach a sufficiently satisfactory decision, a process known as satisficing. There are two key processes used in decision making: System 1 and System 2. System 1 involves fast, intuitive decisions; System 2 is a deliberate analytical approach, used to locate information which is not instantly recalled. Human beings unconsciously use System 1 processing whenever possible because it is quicker and requires less effort than System 2. In clinical practice, gaps between evidence and practice can occur when a clinician develops a pattern of knowledge, which is then relied on for decisions using System 1 processing, without the activation of a System 2 check against the best available evidence from high quality research. The processing of information and decision making may be influenced by a number of cognitive biases, of which the decision maker may be unaware. Interventions to encourage appropriate use of System 1 and System 2 processing have been shown to improve clinical decision making. Increased understanding of decision making processes and common sources of error should help clinical decision makers to minimize avoidable mistakes and increase the proportion of decisions that are better.