脑干听觉诱发电位及体感诱发电位在重型颅脑损伤患者预后评估中的作用

目的 分析探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)及体感诱发电位(SEP)与重型颅脑损伤病人预后的关系.方法 对33 例重型颅脑损伤患者早期行BAEP 及SEP 测定并进行动态监测,同时行头颅CT 检查并记录GCS 评分.结果 BAEP 及SEP 预测预后的敏感性、特异性、准确性均较高.BAEP、SEP 异常程度低,则预后较好;异常程度高,则预后不良.结论 BAEP、SEP 可以比较准确地评估重型颅脑损伤患者的预后.     

脑干听觉及体感诱发电位对重型颅脑损伤病人预后的判断

目的分析探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)及体感诱发电位(SEP)与重型颅脑损伤病人预后的关系。方法应用诱发电位仪对85例重型颅脑损伤患者早期行BAEP及SEP检查,并进行动态监测。结果重复检查BAEP及SEP均正常者,预后良好;BAEP及SEP均异常者,预后极差,与其他几组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论BAEP与SEP联合应用并重复检查,可以比较准确的评估重型颅脑损伤患者的预后。     

多模式诱发电位对缺氧性脑病的研究

目的应用多模式诱发电位评估缺氧性脑病脑功能损伤程度和预测预后的准确性。方法对44例心肺复苏后、低血压和(或)低血氧导致的昏迷患者进行体感诱发电位、脑干听觉诱发电位监测,并根据Judson、Hall、Cant、Haupt标准进行单模式、多模式以及单模式与多模式之间的比较。结果单模式和多模式各分级标准与预后均有显著相关性,级别越高,预后越差。体感诱发电位预测准确性(Judson标准为84.1%)高于脑干听觉诱发电位(Hall标准为79.5%)。多模式诱发电位预测准确性(Cant标准为88.4%)高于单模式诱发电位。结论多模式诱发电位能更好地反映缺氧性脑病的脑功能损伤程度,Cant标准简便易行,预测准确性高,适于临床推广应用。     

脑干听觉诱发电位联合体感诱发电位对昏迷患者预后评估的临床价值

<正>目前,用于评估昏迷患者脑功能及预后判断的项目有GCS、影像学检查等,这些方法对预后评估有一定价值,但由于其均有一定的局限性,对植物状态和死亡的预后评估缺乏特异性[1]。脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP)评估脑干功能、脑干轻微损伤的敏感度极高[2]。体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potential,SEP)     

体感诱发电位对重型颅脑创伤患者预后预测作用的Meta分析

目的 分析体感诱发电位对重型颅脑创伤患者预后的评估作用.方法 将1980,1月～2012,4月发表在MEDLINE,EMBASE,OVID,Cochrane libraries数据库中相关的英文文献进行汇总和Meta分析,并将体感诱发电位对预后的评估价值与格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS评分)做比较.结果 检索共发现10篇文献符合入选标准并纳入meta分析,其中6篇进行了与GCS评分比较.体感诱发电位预测良好预后的灵敏度为0.69(95％ CI,0.63～0.74)、特异度0.73(95％CI,0.68-0.78)、阳性似然比2.71 (95％ CI,1.77～4.15);对不良预后的预测灵敏度为0.58(95％ CI,0.50 ～0.66),特异度0.82(95％CI,0.77 ～0.86),阳性似然比3.61(95％ CI,2.38-5.47).分析发现体感诱发电位在预测患者预后时特异度高于GCS评分,其中对不良预后预测的灵敏度与GCS相当,但对良好预后预测的灵敏度不如GCS.结论 体感诱发电位对重型颅脑创伤患者预后有良好的预测价值.     

体感诱发电位及脑干听觉诱发电位对脑血管病患者预后的预测作用

目的分析体感诱发电位(SEP)及脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)对脑血管病患者预后的预测作用。方法选取许昌市中心医院收治的40例脑卒中昏迷患者,在患者昏迷早期分别进行SEP和BAEP检查,记录格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS),对预后进行分析。结果 SEP联合BAEP检测对脑血管病患者预后的敏感性96.0%,特异性100.0%,准确性97.5%,GCS评分对脑血管病患者预后的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为72.0%、60.0%、67.5%;SEP联合BAEP检测的准确性、敏感性和特异性分别高于单独SEP、BAEP检测(P0.05)。结论 SEP联合BAEP检测对脑卒中患者的预后判断具有较高的准确性。     

诱发电位新评判指标对急性昏迷病人预后的研究

目的　研究短潜伏期体感诱发电位 (SSEP)、脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)对昏迷病人预后的预测价值。　　方法　 32例患者在昏迷后第 1、3、7、1 0天进行诱发电位检测 ,格拉斯哥 (GCS)评分和脑干反射检查。根据 3个月后的临床情况分为预后良好和预后不良。　　结果　在昏迷第 7天GCS和脑干反射无预测价值 ;在第 3、7、1 0天GCS和脑干反射的预测准确率均低于 90 % ,诱发电位的预测准确率为 92 %～ 1 0 0 %。　　结论　诱发电位对昏迷患者预后预测的准确率高于GCS和脑干反射 ,两种诱发电位结合优于一种诱发电位 ,SSEP以SN2 0 和N2o潜伏期为指标适用于ICU监护 ,BAEP增加Ⅰ～ⅢIPL和Ⅲ～ⅤIPL指标可提高预测准确率。     

体感诱发电位对亚低温治疗重型颅脑创伤临床疗效的评估

目的 探讨体感诱发电位对亚低温治疗重型颅脑创伤患者临床疗效的评估价值。方法55例经手术治疗后的重型颅脑创伤患者,随机分为亚低温治疗组和对照组。亚低温治疗组于手术后施以亚低温治疗,直肠温度降至33℃～35℃;对照组体温维持在36.5℃～37.5℃。共治疗3～7d,分别于术后第1d及第8d对两组患者进行GCS疗效和体感诱发电位评估;6个月后进行GOS预后评估。结果 亚低温组患者经治疗后,GCS评分及体感诱发电位测定结果均优于对照组(均P<0.05);随访6个月亚低温组患者GOS预后评估也优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 亚低温是治疗重型颅脑创伤的有效手段之一,而体感诱发电位是评估颅脑创伤预后的客观指标之一。     

神经电生理监测技术在昏迷患者预后评估中的应用进展

昏迷通常是指多种病因导致的1个月以内的严重意识障碍。因脑损伤程度不同,昏迷患者预后各异。昏迷早期准确的预后评估有利于临床决策的制定及医患沟通。目前,临床常用的评估手段包括各种临床量表、CT、颅内压监测以及血或脑脊液样本等。但受外伤、气管插管、药物等多方面的影响,很难对患者的预后做出准确的判断。神经电生理监测是临床上用于昏迷患者预后评估的又一种手段。本文综合以往研究,分析常规脑电图描记(EEG)、诱发电位(EPs)及事件相关电位(ERPs)3种神经电生理监测技术在昏迷患者预后评估中的作用及研究进展。     

脑干听觉诱发电位对重症脑功能损伤的评价

建立脑功能损伤的客观评价标准对医疗决策意义重大，是神经科重症监护治疗病房(neurological intensive care unit，N-ICU)亟须解决的重要问题。脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evokedpotential，BAEP)技术已在临床应用多年，但作为重症脑功能损伤的评价手段，国外报道多侧重于脑外伤预测预后的研究，而国内相关资料匮乏。我     

脑干听觉诱发电位改变对Binswanger病的评估价值

目的用脑干听觉诱发电位方法检测Binswanger病的脑功能改变。方法对20例BD病患者、20例非痴呆脑血管病患者、20例老年健康人同时进行脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）检查。结果BAEP异常：BD病10例（50％），非痴呆脑血管病2例（10％），经统计学检查BD组BAEP与健康组、非痴呆脑血管病组有显著性差异，非痴呆脑血管病组与健康组无显著性差异。结论BAEP异常反应BD病患者有脑干功能受损和弥漫性脑功能障碍，并可作为BD病患者脑功能损害检查敏感指标，以及与非痴呆脑血管病患者鉴别诊断的一个辅助检查方法。     

多发性硬化的诱发电位特点

目的分析多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)模式翻转视觉诱发电位(pattern reversal evoked po-tential,PRVEP)、脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP)和体感诱发电位(somatosenso-ry evoked potential,SEP)等三种诱发电位(evoked potential,EP)的临床特点。方法对83例确诊MS患者进行回顾性分析,根据有无相应临床症状、病程及功能残障程度对EP进行分层研究,探讨其变化规律。结果三种EP的异常率在有临床症状组〔PRVEP、BAEP及下肢短潜伏期体感诱发电位(SLSEP)异常率分别为88.00%、66.67%、100%〕与无临床症状组(PRVEP、BAEP及下肢SLSEP异常率分别为60.61%、31.71%、79.63%)间比较均存在统计学差异(均P<0.05)。PRVEP的峰潜伏期(PL)延长及侧间峰潜伏期差值(ILD)增加的异常率之和与病程呈正相关(r=1.0,P<0.05);病程在20年以内时BAEP异常率与病程呈正相关(r=1.0,P<0.05);SLSEP下肢未引出率与病程呈正相关(r=1.0,P<0.05)。PRVEP异常率与EDSS分值呈正相关(r=1.7,P<0.01);SLSEP上肢异常率及下肢未引出率也与EDSS分值呈正相关(分别r=1.8,P<0.01;r=1.6,P<0.01)。结论三种EP的异常率与有无相应临床症状相关,且与病程及功能残障程度在一定范围内呈正相关。     

Monitoring of sensory evoked potentials during surgery of skull base tumours

Despite advances in instrumentation and the use of microsurgical techniques, neurosurgical procedures involving extensive areas of skull base or other critical areas of brain still carry significant risk for neurological injury. The use of intraoperative recording of sensory evoked potentials (SEP) has been advocated to monitor neurologic function during these major neurosurgical procedures to reduce the risk of injury to neural structures. This report summarizes our experience with intraoperative monitoring of SEP in over 200 patients, and details our findings in a group of 12 patients with skull base and posterior fossa tumours. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) were monitored in all patients, and brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) in five. While minor changes in BAEP and SSEP parameters were noted in most patients, significant changes occurred in five. Irreversible loss of BAEP in one patient was associated with complete hearing loss postoperatively. Marked, persistent alteration of both BAEP and SSEP was associated with postoperative brainstem dysfunction. No patient with stable BAEP and SSEP at the end of the procedure suffered additional neurological deficit. We conclude that intraoperative SEP monitoring may be valuable in minimizing neural injury during major neurosurgical procedures.     

脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)对脑干梗死后吞咽功能障碍的评估价值

目的 探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)对脑干梗死后吞咽功能障碍的评估价值。方法 选取2015年6月～2016年10月在本院接受治疗的脑干梗死合并吞咽功能障碍患者为研究对象,治疗1个月后观察患者治疗前后NIHSS评分、吞咽功能、BAEP和日常生活能力的差异,分析脑干梗死患者BAEP与NIHSS评分、日常生活能力的相关性。结果 治疗1个月后患者的NIHSS评分较治疗前降低; 治疗1个月后吞咽功能Ⅲ级以上发生率较治疗前增高(χ²=22.634,P<0.001); 治疗1个月后脑干梗死患者的BAEP较治疗前明显改善; 治疗1个月后脑干梗死患者的日常生活能力明显高于治疗前; 脑干梗死患者的BAEP与吞咽功能、日常生活能力负呈相关(r=-0.458,P<0.05; r=-0.585,P<0.05),与NIHSS评分呈正相关(r=0.553,P<0.05)。结论 脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)与脑干梗死后吞咽功能障碍密切相关,可作为评估的重要指标。     

2型糖尿病患者脑干听觉诱发电位的改变及相关因素分析

目的分析2型糖尿病(2DM)患者脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)的改变,从而探讨BAEP对糖尿病患者脑干功能损害的检测价值。方法对50例2型糖尿病患者进行脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)检测,比较听觉通路左右耳损害及周围段与中枢段损害差别,并分析病程、空腹血糖对BAEP的影响。结果 (1)2DM患者BAEP左右耳比较潜伏期(PL)及潜伏期差(IPL)差异无统计学意义。(2)2DM患者BAEP中枢段与周围段比较,中枢段损害重于周围段,差异有统计学意义。(3)2DM患者BAEP异常与病程有相关性,与空腹血糖无相关性。结论 BAEP检测对2DM患者在无脑部受损临床症状时可以早期发现听神经是否受累及受累部位。     

Neurophysiological evaluation using multimodal sensory evoked potentials in patients in coma: general aspects

Noninvasive sensory evoked potentials (SEP) performed at bedside in the Intensive Care Unit for patients in coma can be helpful in establishing both a diagnosis and a prognosis. Based on a more than 6-year experience on this subject, the authors discuss general aspects concerning these EP, their probable known generators, and propose a classification depicting different aspects observed for flash visual EP (F-VEP), brainstem auditory EP (BAEP), and median nerve somato-sensory EP (SSEP). Isolated, SSEP shows the best diagnostic and prognostic performance. Nevertheless, the authors consider that multimodality SEP are even better than any isolated EP study; cross-correlating information generated through a horizontal (F-VEP), a vertical (SSEP), and a pathway focusing brainstem in greater detail (BAEP) allows the neurophysiological establishment of the level of lesion in the CNS from a better perspective; besides, SEP can help setting the diagnosis of brain (encephalic) death, and the diagnosis of particular problems concerning each pathway. Notwithstanding, most important is prognosis definition, and the findings are summarized. Abnormal BAEP implies bad prognosis, as would be expected considering the severity of a brainstem lesion; on the other hand, a normal BAEP per se does not allow a precise definition, resting on other EP the role prognosis characterization. SSEP if bilaterally normal or only mildly abnormal imply good prognosis; bilateral absence of SSEP thalamo-cortical components has always carried a bad prognosis, since younger patients may at best evolve into a persistent vegetative state; SSEP intermediary results are more often accompanied by variable evolution. FVEP results parallel those of SSEP.     

Re-evaluation of short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (P13, P14 and N18) for brainstem function in children who once suffered from deep coma

One of the major clinical features of brain death is deep coma. Therefore, we re-evaluated retrospectively electrophysiological examinations of brainstem function in about 31 children who had once suffered from deep coma in order to reveal its pathophysiological characteristics. The patient age at coma ranged from 1 month to 10 years (mean 2 years 1 month). The electrophysiological examinations were performed, including any of short-latency somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP), brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and blink reflexes. We first compared results between the fair and poor prognostic groups, and then re-evaluated SSEP results on a few severely impaired patients with persistent vegetative state (PVS). Subsequently, SSEP clarified more specific findings for a deep coma condition than BAEP and blink reflex. A lack of P14, N18 and N20, and an amplitude reduction or vagueness of P13 in SSEP in these children strongly suggested high risk in their future neurological prognosis. In conclusion, electrophysiological examinations, especially SSEP (P13, P14 and N18), might be very useful in obtaining a long-term neurological prognosis after deep coma in children.     

The diagnostic reliability of magnetically evoked motor potentials in multiple sclerosis.

In a prospective study, we evaluated the technique of magnetically evoked motor potentials (MEP) in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We consecutively included 68 patients with symptoms or signs compatible with a demyelinative CNS affection. We subjected all patients to CSF analysis, MRI studies of the brain and brainstem, visual evoked potentials (VEP), brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP). We then used the results to categorize the patients according to the Poser criteria of multiple sclerosis. Blinded from the results of the above investigations, one of the authors made MEP recordings from three muscles in the upper limbs and two in the lower limbs in all 68 patients. Forty patients received an MS diagnosis, and in these, MRI was positive in 88%, MEP in 83%, VEP in 67%, SSEP in 63%, and BAEP in 42%. As to the diagnosis of MS, the reliability of a prolonged central motor conduction time (CMCT) was 0.83 (0.73 to 0.93), while the reliability of a normal CMCT was 0.75 (0.61 to 0.98). The information gained by MRI was best supplemented by VEP. Of the neurophysiologic tests, the MEP was in closest agreement with the MRI with a concordance of 85%.     

Prognostic evaluation of brainstem hematomas: the role of CT scan and brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Abstract– 6 cases of brainstem hematoma were studied utilizing CT scan and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recordings. CT scan did not contribute to an early discrimination between primary and secondary hematomas. Size of the hematoma and the presence of blood in the CSF did not represent evident signs in differentiating benign from unfavourable brainstem hematomas or hemorrhages. BAEP recordings showed the presence of electrophysiological anomalies at the level of the lesion, demonstrating that bleeding as well as tumor in the brainstem can provoke a focal damage.