改良开窗减压方法治疗混合牙列期大型含牙囊肿的体会

目的：总结改良的开窗减压术式治疗混合牙列期大型含牙囊肿病例的临床经验。方法：收集北京儿童医院2008,2012年应用改良开窗减压术式治疗13例范围较大颌骨含牙囊肿病例,拔除病灶牙进行开窗减压治疗,未刮除囊壁,保留恒牙胚,根据混合牙列期牙列特点制作两种阻塞器阻塞开窗部位并进行间隙保持,观察囊肿治疗情况及恒牙萌出情况。结果：全牙列耠垫式阻塞器7例,活动矫治器型阻塞器6例,患儿戴用依从性均较好,对较大的囊肿通过改良式开窗减压术可以伎囊腔消失并最大程度地保留囊腔内的继承恒牙,7例患儿位置异常牙齿可自行调整萌出位置,6例患儿位置异常牙齿需进一步辅助正畸治疗尚能萌出至正常位置。结论：替牙期大型颌骨含牙囊肿进行开窗减压手术是一种能够尽量保留病变区恒牙的有效方法,阻塞器的选择根据患儿情况决定。部分位置异常牙齿可自行调整位置,部分病例则需结合正畸治疗。     

开窗减压术结合牵引矫治方法治疗替牙期含牙囊肿的疗效观察

目的观察开窗减压术式结合牵引矫治方法治疗替牙期含牙囊肿的治疗效果。方法收集南京医科大学附属口腔医院2007~2012年收治的12例替牙期颌骨含牙囊肿病例,采取开窗减压手术治疗保留囊肿涉及的恒牙、佩戴塞制器保持引流口通畅并进行间隙保持,结合后期的固定矫治器正畸牵引治疗,术后随访2~3年观察颌骨内囊肿骨组织愈合及恒牙萌出情况。结果本组12例含牙囊肿患儿经开窗减压术结合牵引矫治方法治疗后12~15个月后,所有患儿囊肿包含的恒牙全部牵引出龈且经治疗后牙齿排列整齐,面部形态恢复正常,影像学检查显示囊腔低密度影消失,术后随访2年以上均未见囊肿复发。结论对儿童替牙期颌骨含牙囊肿采取开窗减压术结合正畸治疗是一种能够最大程度保留病变区恒牙及颌骨组织的有效方法。     

替牙期儿童下颌含牙囊肿开窗减压术的临床观察

目的:探讨开窗减压术治疗替牙期儿童下颌含牙囊肿的效果。方法 :本文收集就诊于上海交通大学附属第九人民医院口腔颌面外科的,替牙期下颌含牙囊肿患儿经开窗减压术后牙萌出的资料,分为病变侧及健侧,进行自身对照。结果:32例患儿平均年龄为(9.4±0.8)岁。经过开窗减压术后,所有囊肿累及的恒牙均萌出至正常位置。随访全景片显示所有囊肿消失,新生骨形成。病变侧恒牙萌出时间小于自身对照组。结论:本文研究结果表明,开窗减压术可成功治愈替牙期儿童下颌含牙囊肿,且囊肿累及的恒牙可自然萌出。     

开窗减压术治疗颌骨大型囊性病变

目的探讨开窗减压术治疗颌骨大型囊性病变的临床效果。方法12例大型颌骨囊性病变经门内行开窗减压术,术后定期拍x线片,随访观察术后囊腔大小变化及复发情况,评价临床疗效。结果随访6个月至5年,11例囊腔基本消失,其中1例根尖囊肿、1例含牙囊肿的囊腔完全消失,其余9例行二期手术后消失．未出现明显神经及邻近重要结构损伤症状;1例角化囊肿开窗术后3个月复发,行颌骨刮切术。结论开窗减压术是治疗颌骨大型囊性病变的有效方法。     

囊肿塞子在颌骨囊肿开窗减压术中的应用

目的 探讨囊肿塞子在颌骨囊肿开窗减压术中的应用价值。 方法 选取2008年至今巨大颌骨囊肿和替牙期囊肿患者共122例,行开窗减压术后制作125件囊肿塞子（1例多发囊肿）,观察效果。 结果 本组病例中100例患者囊腔在1~2年内闭合,包含23例9~12岁儿童,22例患者遗留一小囊腔,需二次手术,随访2年无一例复发。下颌愈合时间较上颌愈合时间短,所有混合牙列期患者恒牙均正常萌出,膨出的面型恢复正常。 结论 颌骨囊肿开窗减压术后佩戴囊肿塞子可以有效地阻止食物进入囊腔,引流出囊液。     

19例儿童及青少年期含牙囊肿的外科-正畸联合导萌治疗分析

目的: 观察闭合式开窗导萌术联合正畸牵引治疗儿童及青少年含牙囊肿的效果。方法: 收集永康市第一人民医院2014—2016年收治的19例儿童及青少年期含牙囊肿,采取闭合式开窗导萌术治疗。术中开窗并去除部分囊壁,充分暴露粘接牙面,粘接正畸牵引附件,将黏膜瓣复位缝合,待1~2个月后开始正畸牵引助萌。结果: 19例患者经治疗后囊腔均逐渐减小直至消失,愈合良好。牙成功达到正常咬合位置;所有萌出牙均牙周健康,牙髓活力正常,牙根形态满意。结论: 使用闭合式开窗导萌术联合正畸牵引治疗儿童及青少年含牙囊肿,可取得良好的临床疗效,为其治疗提供了新的方法。     

囊肿塞子在颌骨囊肿治疗中的临床应用

选取颌骨囊肿开窗减压治疗术后患者39例,戴用囊肿塞子。所有患者均在1～2年内囊腔愈合,其中3例替牙期患者恒牙顺利萌出。囊肿塞子在颌骨囊肿治疗中起到了持续开窗引流作用,防止开窗口提前愈合减轻了囊腔食物残渣污染;患者戴用方便,治疗依从性好。     

输液管在儿童替牙期含牙囊肿开窗术中的应用

目的:探讨输液管在儿童替牙期含牙囊肿开窗引流术中的作用。方法 :分析2003-12—2011-12我院口腔颌面外科收治的经病理证实为含牙囊肿的替牙期儿童病例22例,平均年龄11岁,所有病例术前均拍摄曲面断层片和局部小牙片,囊肿直径3～5 cm,其中含多生牙9例。术中拔除部分乳牙及多生牙,于拔牙创处开窗,切取部分囊壁,拔牙创口置直径0.4 cm、长约1.0～1.5 cm输液管,并固定于牙龈或邻近牙齿。每日冲洗,术后3个月、6个月、1年随访,同时拍摄曲面断层片检查。结果:所有病例在开窗术后早期局部轻度红肿疼痛,3个月后囊肿明显减小,6～7个月时骨质膨隆消失,10～11个月时X线检查囊肿低密度影像消失。13例恒牙自行正位萌出,4例出现尖牙与侧切牙错位萌出,5例恒牙未自行萌出。在开窗引流期间,无1例患者伤口感染,均引流通畅。结论:输液管在儿童替牙期含牙囊肿开窗引流术中,具有操作简单、患者术后依从性高、创伤痛苦小、复诊次数少、引流通畅、成本低廉、易于推广等特点,是治疗儿童替牙期含牙囊肿的较理想方法。     

颌骨囊肿开窗治疗临床特征动态研究

目的: 观察下颌骨牙源性颌骨囊肿开窗减压后囊腔动态变化特征,探讨颌骨囊肿开窗减压治疗规律。方法: 收集2017年6月—2019年6月收治的下颌骨牙源性囊肿行开窗减压术的患者资料,采用回顾性分析,依据术前及术后拍摄的锥形束CT(CBCT),通过E3D建模软件三维重建,分析囊腔收缩方向、收缩速度及与年龄、时间的关系。采用SPSS 21.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: 下颌骨囊腔多沿最大直径轴向收缩,开窗后囊腔收缩呈椭圆状,囊腔收缩速度从小到大依次为角化囊肿、根尖囊肿、含牙囊肿。收缩速度与时间和年龄呈负相关;开窗12个月后,囊腔收缩速度明显减缓。结论: 开窗减压术治疗下颌骨牙源性囊肿的效果与时间、年龄和病理类型相关,建议根据囊腔变化特点,适时予以相应处理。     

开窗减压术联合囊肿塞治疗青少年大型下颌骨囊肿的临床研究

目的 观察开窗减压术联合囊肿塞治疗青少年大型下颌骨囊肿的疗效.方法 对21例青少年大型下颌骨囊肿患者行开窗减压联合囊肿塞治疗,术后随访1～4年,观察不同时期囊腔体积变化以及受累牙手术前后牙髓活力的变化情况.结果 应用CBCT测量囊腔体积变化情况,术后囊腔体积明显缩小,以术后6个月内缩小速度最快;术后12月较术后6月囊腔...     

Decompression, enucleation, and implant placement in the management of a large dentigerous cyst

The dentigerous cyst is a developmental odontogenic cyst, accounting for 10% of all cysts of the jaws. The treatment options are decompression, marsupialization, or enucleation regarding the features of the lesions. In this article, a case of a 17-year-old adolescent girl having a large mandibular dentigerous cyst associated with an unerupted third molar is presented. The treatment is composed of decompression for 6 months and enucleation. Decompression and enucleation are a predictable choice in the treatment of large cysts. Radiologic evaluation is mandatory to decide for the appropriate time for the removal of the decompression stents, the enucleation time, and also for the evaluation of the adequate new bone formation for implant placement. The present case emphasizes the success of a conservative approach in the management of a large dentigerous cyst in a young patient and also the maintenance of the new bone formation without using any graft materials for the placement of dental implants.     

Prevalence of developmental odontogenic cysts in children and adolescents with emphasis on dentigerous cyst and odontogenic keratocyst (keratocystic odontogenic tumor)

Objective. To investigate the incidence and prevalence of developmental odontogenic cysts in children and adolescents and compare the features of the two most common types, dentigerous cyst and keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT). Study design. A retrospective review in a series of 369 patients with all histological diagnoses of developmental odontogenic cysts in children (≤12 years) and adolescents (13–18 years) was conducted. Results. Among these, 361 (97.8%) patients were diagnosed as dentigerous cyst (n = 281) and KCOT (n = 80), with the male-to-female ratios of dentigerous cyst and KCOT both being 2:1. The average age of the patients with KCOT was older than that of those with dentigerous cyst (14.7 years vs 11.8 years, p < 0.001). Dentigerous cyst (59.1%) was more common in children, but KCOT (78.8%) was more common in adolescents (p < 0.001). Dentigerous cyst (57.6%) predominantly located on the maxilla, but KCOT (60.3%) predominantly located on the mandible (p = 0.010). Conclusions. Adolescent patients with lesions located on the mandible would favor KCOT over dentigerous cyst. This study aids in better knowledge of the prevalence of developmental odontogenic cysts in a large pediatric population, and shows that a well-supported early diagnosis is indispensable for a more adequate treatment.     

Clinical conditions for eruption of maxillary canines and mandibular premolars associated with dentigerous cysts.

The aim of this study was to investigate the eruption of teeth associated with dentigerous cysts in the mandibular premolar and maxillary canine regions in preadolescents. Fifty-eight cyst-associated teeth, including 47 mandibular premolars and 11 maxillary canines, were examined retrospectively by using normalized panoramic radiographs and histological materials. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: the erupted group, in which the teeth had erupted successfully after marsupialization, and the nonerupted group, in which the teeth had undergone orthodontic traction or cystectomy with removal of the cyst-associated tooth. Eighty-one percent of the mandibular premolars and 36% of the maxillary canines in the cysts erupted successfully about 100 days after marsupialization without traction. The eruption of a mandibular premolar was significantly related to a shallow position in the alveolar bone, shallow angulation of the tooth, and young age of the patient but not to cyst size and dental space for the eruption. The eruption of the maxillary canine was significantly related to the small size of the cyst and the patient's age. The cyst walls of the erupted group showed severe inflammatory cellular infiltration. These findings present a treatment guideline for dentigerous cysts associated with mandibular premolars and maxillary canines in preadolescents.     

开窗减压术治疗上颌骨大型囊性病变的临床研究

目的：探讨开窗减压术在上颌骨大型囊性病变治疗中的临床应用效果。方法回顾2007年10月—2014年10月治疗的25例上颌骨大型囊性病变开窗减压术治疗病例,观察上颌窦形态、囊腔大小及周围骨质变化。结果25例患者中,8例患者开窗减压术后3个月上颌窦骨壁厚度增加,上颌窦形态完全恢复,囊肿消失,未行囊肿刮治术;17例患者术后9～12个月上颌窦形态完全恢复或基本恢复,二期行囊肿刮治术。术后随访1～5年,无复发。结论上颌骨大型囊性病变开窗减压术具有能恢复上颌窦的形态和功能、创伤小、并发症少等优点。     

Inflammatory dentigerous cyst in a 3 year old South African black male: A case report.

We present here a case of a dentigerous cyst in the anterior maxilla of a 3 year old male. There was associated cortical expansion and facial asymmetry. These cysts are rare at this age and in addition are less common in the maxilla. Management consisted of enucleation under general anaesthetic including removal of the unerupted 11. This report attempts to highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis and referral of children with dentigerous cysts.     

Validity of conventional surgical treatment methods for mandibular dentigerous cysts. Two case reports

Dentigerous cysts, which are the most commonly seen odontogenic cysts in the jaws, usually expand asymptomatically and extensively. They are surgically eliminated along with the accompanying impacted tooth, because of their destructive nature to the surrounding vital structures, tissues, bone and teeth. The surgical treatment for removing dentigerous cysts includes decompression, marsupialization, enucleation or curettage of the cyst through an extraoral or intraoral approach. Cysts causing tooth displacement and involving loss of bone are treated by marsupialization or decompression, followed by enucleation. In the cases presented here, both patients had enlarged dentigerous cysts in the left mandibular molar region, with an accompanying impacted tooth. Both cases were treated surgically by the enucleation technique alone, without any need for additional autogenous grafts or alloplastic materials to regain integrity of bone structure. They were rehabilitated with dental implants. The implant-retained fixed prostheses functioned well throughout the 24-month evaluation time; and the functional and psychological needs of the patients were provided successfully.     

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目的探讨开窗减压术治疗颌骨巨大囊性病变的临床应用价值。方法对2009年5月至2010年11月南方医科大学附属南海医院口腔科收治的8例颌骨囊性病变患者(包括1例根尖囊肿,1例含牙囊肿、5例角化囊肿、1例囊性成釉细胞瘤),经口内进行开窗减压,术后定期复诊,3个月复查曲面断层摄影,1年进行三维CT重建,测量术后囊腔缩小情况。结果 8例患者,最长的已观察18个月,最短的观察3个月,2例患者(包括1例根尖囊肿、1例成釉细胞瘤)囊腔完全消失,6例患者囊腔越来越缩小。结论开窗减压术是一种简便、经济、效果良好的治疗颌骨囊性病变的方法。     

Unerupted teeth associated with dentigerous cysts and treated with coronectomy: mini case series

There is a resurgence of interest in coronectomy, but its appropriate application in the management of third molar teeth has yet to be defined. Dentigerous cysts associated with unerupted teeth are most commonly associated with mandibular third molars. In this case series we evaluate outcome after coronectomy of teeth with associated dentigerous cysts in cases where the inferior dental nerve was thought to be at risk, or there was an increased risk of mandibular fracture. We retrospectively studied 21 consecutive patients treated by coronectomy for dentigerous cysts at the Oral Surgery Department at Guy's Hospital. The most commonly affected teeth were mandibular third molars (20/21). One patient had permanent injury to the inferior dental nerve, but no mandibular fracture or recurrence of cyst was reported. One patient required secondary retrieval of the retained root because of eruption. Coronectomy of unerupted teeth associated with dentigerous cysts is an effective treatment when there is high risk of injury to the inferior dental nerve injury or potential for mandibular fracture. Further work with larger numbers and longer follow-up is required to discover the long-term outcome of the electively retained root.