管状胃成形对预防食管癌切除术后胃食管反流的作用

目的探讨管状胃成形对减轻食管癌切除术后胃食管反流症的作用。方法选取2006年7月至2007年6月收治的120例食管癌患者,按手术术式不同分为两组,管状胃手术组:男42例,女18例;中位年龄58岁;传统手术组:男44例,女16例;中位年龄61岁。术后3个月行食管24 h pH监测,将5 min的反流次数、反流百分率、最长反流时间指标与正常人进行比较。结果传统手术组术后有明显反流症状26例(43.33%),管状胃手术组12例(20.00%)。传统手术组5 min的反流次数、反流百分率和最长反流时间均大于正常人(t=2.826,P0.05;t=2.212,P0.05;t=2.951,P0.05);管状胃手术组患者仅最长反流时间大于正常人(t=2.303,P0.05);5min的反流次数、反流百分率和最长反流时间均短于传统手术组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.081,P0.05;t=2.050,P0.05;t=2.112,P0.05)。结论管状胃成形能有效降低食管癌术后胃食管反流的发生率。     

切除食管癌两种消化道重建方式术后胃食管反流的对比 …

目的：探讨食管癌切除后胃经食管床和经胸作弓上吻合者术后发生胃食管反流的差别。方法;对２５例病人在术后１－３个月进行了残留食管内的２４小时ＰＨ监测。结果：（１）两种消化道重建方式病人的ＰＨ总得分,２４小时的总反流次数,〉５分钟的反流次数,最长反流时间和ｐＨ〈４的总时间均超出正常范围。（２）将食管床组和胸内组相比较,２４小时总反流次数差异无显著性,而其余４项指标食管床明显低于胸内组。     

经食管床胃食管吻合术后胃食管反流与胃排空的临床研究

目的 客观评价食管中段癌切除经食管床主动脉弓上胃食管吻合术对术后胃食管反流和胃排空的影响。方法 将40例食管中段癌患者随机分成两组，食管床吻合组（n=20）：采用经食管床主动脉弓上胃食管吻合术；左胸腔内吻合组（n=20）：采用经左侧胸腔主动脉弓前胃食管吻合术；另选10名无消化系统疾病的健康志愿者作为正常对照组。于术后3个月进行24h食管pH监测，放射性核素胃排空检查，观察术后胃食管反流和胃排空情况。结果 所有患者手术均成功，无手术死亡，术后无吻合口漏和狭窄。术后3个月左胸腔内吻合组和食管床吻合组患者均有不同程度的反流，DeMeester总评分、24h酸反流次数、〉5min的反流次数、最长反流持续时间、pH（4．00的总时间和pH（4．00占总时间的百分比均高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）；食管床吻合组DeMeester总评分、24h酸反流次数、最长反流持续时间、pH（4．00的总时间、pH（4．00占总时间的百分比均低于左胸腔内吻合组（P〈0.01）。术后近期各时间段左胸腔内吻合组和食管床吻合组胃排空百分数（GE）均较正常对照组低（P〈0.01）；食管床吻合组GE于实验餐进入胃后30、60、90、120、180和240min均高于左胸腔内吻合组（P〈0. 01）。结论经食管床主动脉弓上吻合术后胃食管反流和胃排空延迟客观存在，但较传统手术方式有所减轻，其机制可能是机械因素所致。     

食管癌术后胃食管反流的临床研究

目的探讨食管癌切除术后胃食管反流的原因及抗反流的手术方式。方法回顾性分析2000-01～2008-01我科共手术治疗食管癌患者420例,其中胃经食管床颈部吻合组96例(A组),胸内吻合组184例(B组),胃代食管经胸腔途径吻合组140例(C组),并对其3组的临床资料进行比较分析。结果胃食管反流比例C组B组A组(P0.05)。结论食管癌切除后胃经纵隔行颈部吻合可显著降低术后胃食管反流率,经食管床主动脉弓上吻合胃食管反流发生率次之。     

食管癌手术期胃食管反流pH监测分析及探讨

目的：了解食管癌与胃食管反流裼 关系。方法：对２３例食管癌病人进行了手术前食管２４小时ｐＨ监测,其中６例尚行手术后胃食管２４小时ｐＨ监测。结果;食管癌病人手术前后均存在病理性食管反流,其反流液不单纯为酸性胃液,还含有十二指肠碱反流城分。结论：应重视食管癌围手术期胃食管反流的检查与治疗,食管癌根治术中应设计相应的抗反流措施。     

管状胃－食管吻合术与全胃－食管吻合术对食管中段癌患者术后胃食管反流的对比研究

目的探讨管状胃－食管吻合术与全胃－食管吻合术对食管中段癌术后患者胃食管反流(GER)的影响。 方法回顾性分析2014年1月—2017年1月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院胸外科行食管癌切除术的56例食管中段癌患者的临床资料,其中观察组(管状胃－食管吻合术)患者27例,对照组(全胃－食管吻合术)患者29例,术后2周进行24 h胃－食管腔pH值监测,术后2周和1、3、6个月依据胃食管反流病调查问卷(GerdQ)评分表对患者的GER相关症状进行评分,比较两组患者术后GER发生情况。 结果所有患者获得随访,观察组和对照组术后2周时24 h酸反流次数、最长酸反流时间和pH值<4的总时间均显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1、3、6个月时,观察组GerdQ评分均显著低于对照组,差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论管状胃－食管吻合术可显著降低食管中段癌患者术后GER的发生及严重程度。     

食管癌围手术期胃食管反流pH监测分析及探讨

目的：了解食管癌与胃食管反流之间的关系。方法：对２３例食管癌病人进行了手术前食管２４小时ｐＨ监测，其中６例尚行了手术后胃食管２４小时ｐＨ监测。结果：食管癌病人手术前后均存在病理性食管反流，其反流液不单纯为酸性胃液，还含有十二指肠碱性反流成分。结论：应重视食管癌围手术期胃食管反流的检查与治疗，食管癌根治术中应设计相应的抗反流措施。     

切除食管癌两种消化道重建方式术后胃食管反流的对比观察

目的：探讨食管癌切除后胃经食管床和经胸作弓上吻合者术后发生胃食管反流的差别。方法：对２５例病人在术后１～３个月间进行了残留食管内的２４小时ｐＨ监测。结果：（１）两种消化道重建方式病人的ｐＨ总得分、２４小时的总反流次数、＞５分钟的反流次数、最长反流时间和ｐＨ＜４的总时间均超出正常范围。（２）将食管床组和胸内组相比较，２４小时总反流次数差异无显著性（Ｐ＞００５），而其余４项指标食管床组明显低于胸内组（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：（１）两种消化道重建方式术后均在存胃食管反流。（２）胃经食管床吻合术后的反流量和反流持续时间明显低于胃经胸弓上吻合术。（３）胃经食管床吻合病人可以获得较好的生活质量。     

胃食管吻合术后胃食管反流的研究

目的 研究食管癌和贲门癌术后不同位置的食管胃吻合口和时间因素对胃食管反流程度的影响。方法 对39例食管癌和贲门癌术后病人进行24h食管pH监测、电子胃镜检查，其中食管胃弓上吻合组（A组）21例，弓下吻合组（B组）18例。结果 （1）A组DeMeester评分和反流性食管炎评分均明显低于B组（P〈0．05）。（2）随着时间的推移A组和B组DeMeester评分无明显的改变（P〉0．05）。结论 不同位置的食管胃吻合口影响胃食管反流程度，食管胃吻合口位置越高胃食管反流和反流性食管炎程度越轻。时间因素对胃食管反流程度无明显的影响。     

食管癌贲门癌术后酸反流与十二指肠胃食管反流

目的 探讨食管癌和贲门癌术后酸反流和十二指肠胃食管反流(DGER)的相互关系、反流特征以及对食管黏膜的损伤作用.方法 对32例食管癌和贲门癌术后病人进行烧心、反酸症状调查,应用电子胃镜检查、24 h食管pH和胆红素同步监测.结果 (1)胃食管反流症状的发生率65.6%,反流性食管炎的发生率为75.0%,其中2例发生Barrett食管,发生率为6.25%.(2)24 h食管pH和胆红素监测结果显示,28.1%的病人仅存在酸反流,15.6%仪存在DGER,53.1%同时有酸反流和DGER.DeMeeste评分与abs>0.14的时间百分比无明显的相关性(P=0.3109).平卧位pH<4.00的时间百分比和abs>0.14的时问百分比明显高于直立位(P<0.05).(3)通过比较在不同pH区间内胆红素的吸收率,显示在pH 3～6的区间内,胆红素abs>0.14的时间百分比明显高于其他区间(P<0.05).(4)DeMeester评分和胆红素abs>0.14的时间百分比与反流症状评分无明显的相关(P>0.05),与反流性食管炎评分呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 食管癌和贲门癌术后存在广泛的酸反流和DGER,反流形式以混合性反流为主(同时出现酸反流和DGER),混合性反流对食管黏膜的损伤作用更严重.酸反流和DGER均受体位影响.24 h食管pH和胆红素同步监测有助于揭示反流特征及反流物对食管黏膜的损伤作用.     

Myoelectrical activity of the stomach after surgical correction of esophageal atresia

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the motor activity in the stomach of infants with repaired esophageal atresia (EA).

Method

Gastric myoelectrical activity was investigated by cutaneous electrogastrography in 15 infants after the surgical correction of EA. Ten infants with no gastrointestinal upset served as controls. Studies were done before and after a milk feed. The pH of the lower esophagus was measured for 24 hours to assess the gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in the infants with repaired EA.

Results

After feeding, a significant increase in bradygastria and decrease in tachygastria were observed as compared with the preprandial period. Compared with healthy infants, the electrogram showed pathological patterns in 73.3% (11/15) of EA patients. Twelve of 15 EA patients showed some clinical sign of GER, and 60% of the EA patients proved to be GER-positive on esophageal pH monitoring. There was no difference in the distribution of gastric myoelectrical waves between the GER-positive and GER-negative EA patients either before or after meal.

Conclusion

Cutaneous electrogastrography is a noninvasive, harmless method for obtaining indirect information about the motor function of the stomach. The abnormal changes in physiological gastric myoelectrical activity in EA patients can serve as markers of disturbed neuromuscular function and can play a role in the pathogenesis of feeding disturbances after operative correction of EA. Gastroesophageal reflux, which often occurs after surgical repair of EA, seems to be connected not only with disordered gastric myoelectric activity, but also probably with other factors such as artificially straightened esophagogastric angle or brachyesophagus.     

Influence of thoracoscopic esophageal atresia repair on esophageal motor function and gastroesophageal reflux

Background/Purpose

Thoracoscopic repair has recently been attempted in newborns with esophageal atresia (EA), but it remains unclear whether thoracoscopic dissection reduces pathological gastroesophageal reflux. We investigated the influence of a thoracoscopic approach on esophageal motor function in patients with EA.

Methods

Clinical and gastrointestinal data of 10 patients with EA with open repair (group A) and 7 with thoracoscopic repair (group B) were analyzed retrospectively. Videomanometry was conducted to investigate esophageal motor patterns. Esophageal acid exposure was evaluated with 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. Data are expressed as medians and ranges.

Results

Contractions in the distal esophagus were conspicuously absent in 1 and 3 patients in groups A and B, respectively (P = .26). There were no significant differences in esophageal acid exposure (5.5% [0.7%-24.6%] vs 3.7% [0.3%-56.8%]; P = .71) or mean esophageal acid reflux time (0.5 minutes [0.1-1.4 minutes] vs 0.5 minutes [0.1-1.3 minutes]; P = .87) between the 2 groups. Fundoplication was conducted in 2 patients in each group (P = .60), all of whom had conspicuously absent distal esophageal contractions. Those contractions were preserved in the remaining patients with the exception of 1 group B patient.

Conclusion

There are unlikely to be benefits from thoracoscopic repair of EA in terms of postoperative esophageal motor function.     

Hypopharyngeal and distal esophageal pH monitoring in children with gastroesophageal reflux and respiratory symptoms

Purpose

Fundoplication is frequently required for gastroesophageal reflux (GER)-related respiratory disease. Correlation between esophageal pH data and respiratory symptoms is poor but may be improved by monitoring hypopharyngeal pH. Reflux to the hypopharynx is underestimated by salivary bicarbonate. The aim of this study was to determine if hypopharyngeal pH monitoring using pH 4 and pH 5 as reflux thresholds could predict children with reflux-related respiratory disease.

Methods

One hundred five children aged 4 months to 12 years underwent esophageal and hypopharyngeal pH monitoring. Hypopharyngeal pH data were analyzed using pH 4 and pH 5 as reflux thresholds. pH data from 4 groups were compared: group A, control group, no GER, no respiratory symptoms (n = 20); group B, respiratory symptoms, no GER (n = 16); group C, GER, no respiratory symptoms (n = 26); and group D, both GER and respiratory symptoms (n = 37).

Results

Comparing groups C and D, there was no significant difference in hypopharyngeal pH data. Using pH 5 as the reflux threshold, children in group B refluxed to the hypopharynx significantly more frequently than controls. This was most evident in children with wheeze.

Conclusion

Hypopharyngeal pH monitoring does not differentiate children with GER and respiratory symptoms from those with GER alone and is therefore of doubtful value in diagnosing recurrent aspiration.     

Physiological and clinical characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux after congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair

Background/Purpose

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is an important sequela of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) repair. This study investigated the physiological and clinical characteristics of GER in CDH survivors.

Methods

A total of 52 CDH survivors were investigated retrospectively. Esophageal acid exposure was evaluated with 24-h esophageal pH monitoring in all patients, and esophageal anatomical and motor functional abnormalities were examined with videomanometry in 16 patients.

Results

Fundoplication was necessary in 1 patient. Medical treatment with acid suppression or rikkunshito, a traditional Japanese medicine, was successful in nine patients, and the reflux symptoms were ameliorated at the age of 3 years. The percentage of total time the esophageal pH was below 4.0 (reflux index: RI) ranged from 0.1 to 44.3%. No patient with an RI < 10% had reflux symptoms requiring treatment. The basal lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone ranged from 15 to 35 mmHg (median 25 mmHg). Esophageal peristalsis was preserved in all of the patients examined, except one who had failed peristalsis and poor clearance in the dilated esophagus.

Conclusion

The motor function of the esophageal body and LES is usually preserved in CDH survivors despite the wide range of esophageal acid exposure in early infancy. Those with symptomatic GER outgrow it, unless associated with advanced respiratory distress or neurological impairment.     

Feeding disorders and gastroesophageal reflux in infants with chronic renal failure

Twenty-two infants (mean age 7.5 months) with chronic renal failure (CRF) were studied for their nutrition, growth, and upper gastrointestinal function. Most infants had a history of poor caloric intake and 7 had received supplemental feeding (SF) prior to the investigation. All infants were undergrown, underweight, and malnourished. The infants were characterized as having only a fair interest in food, refusing feedings, and vomiting excessively. Sixteen of 22 infants (73%) had significant gastroesophageal (GE) reflux demonstrated by 24-h esophageal pH monitoring. Gastroesophageal scintiscans were less sensitive and specific in detecting the reflux. Infants with GE reflux were significantly younger and more often required SF than those without GE reflux. There were no significant differences in the degree of renal failure, growth failure, caloric intake, protein intake, or nutritional status between the infants with and without GE reflux. From these studies we conclude that GE reflux should be considered as one of the factors contributing to the feeding problems of infants with CRF.