保留肾单位手术治疗肾癌的临床观察

目的:探讨保留肾单位手术治疗肾癌的安全性和疗效。方法:回顾性分析21例行保留肾单位手术的肾癌患者临床资料,其中双侧肾癌2例,孤立肾肾癌2例,对侧肾有病变或潜在功能受损的肾癌8例,对侧肾正常肾癌9例,肿瘤平均直径3.3cm。21例中13例行肿瘤剜除术,8例行肾部分切除术。结果:术后组织病理学结果示肾透明细胞癌16例,颗粒细胞癌3例,混合性细胞癌2例。术后20例(95%)获随访,随访时间6个月～140个月,平均随访56个月。5a、10a生存率分别为90%、81%。4例术后出现局部复发和远处转移。结论:保留肾单位手术治疗肾细胞癌安全有效,尤其适于局限性低分期小肾癌患者。     

保留肾单位的肾癌手术(附11例报告)

目的：探讨保留肾单位的肾癌手术治疗方法和疗效。方法：对1993年2月-2003年2月共11例经手术和病理证实为肾细胞癌的临床资料进行回顾性分析，其中双侧肾癌3例，孤立肾癌5例，对侧肾有病变或潜在功能受损的肾癌2例，对侧肾正常肾癌1例；11例中6例行肿瘤剜除术，5例行肾部分切除术。结果：本组术后无外科并发症，平均随访40个月，无局部复发和肿瘤转移。结论：对经选择的患者保留肾单位的肾癌手术安全可靠，疗效满意。     

后腹腔镜肾部分切除术39例报告

目的：总结腹腔镜保留肾单位的肾部分切除术治疗T1期肾癌的手术方式和临床疗效.方法：回顾性分析39例行腹腔镜保留肾单位手术的T1期肾癌患者的临床资料,其中男23例,女16例,平均年龄53岁.肿瘤直径2.7～5.1 cm,平均3.6 cm.所有患者均行腹腔镜保留肾单位的肾部分切除术.结果：39例手术均获成功,无术中、术后并发症.平均手术时间（125.8±34.6）min;平均热缺血时间（23.8±3.9） min;平均术中出血量（146.9±41.5） ml.术后病理为32例肾透明细胞癌,5例颗粒细胞癌,2例嗜酸性细胞瘤,切缘均阴性.34例患者获随访,随访2～32个月,平均11个月,无肿瘤局部复发和远处转移.结论：腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗局限性肾癌安全可靠,短期随访效果肯定.     

早期肾癌34例临床治疗分析

目的探讨早期肾癌的一临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析98例肾癌患者资料。结果其中34例患者术后均送病理检查,透明细胞癌26例,颗粒细胞癌6例,混合细胞癌2例。22例患者随访10～60个月,平均42个月。2例肾楔形切除术后患者分别于术后半年及11个月肿瘤复发,行肾癌根治切除术,术后3年未见复发及转移,1例肾癌根治术后患者术后2年死于心脏病。结论早期肾癌患者,由于发现较早,行保留肾单位的肾部分切除术,术后配合生物免疫治疗,效果是可靠的。     

保留肾单位的肾癌手术(附65例报告)

目的:探讨保留肾单位的肾癌手术治疗方法和疗效。方法:65例行保留肾单位的肾癌切除手术,肿瘤直径(2.0～6.5)cm,平均3.9cm;肿瘤位于肾上极19例,肾中部16例,肾下极30例。TNM分期:T1a 42例,T1b 23例。透明细胞癌58例,颗粒细胞癌6例,乳头状肾细胞癌1例。结果:肾部分切除术65例,术中阻断肾蒂血管47例。所有病例手术切缘均为阴性。术后出现并发症5例,围手术期无患者出现急性肾功能衰竭。64例肾细胞癌患者获随访,平均随访时间61.4个月,5年生存率及5年无瘤生存率分别为98.4%和93.8%。结论:肾癌保留肾单位手术是治疗局限性肾癌的有效方法。     

保留肾单位手术治疗小肾癌的临床分析

目的探讨保留。肾单位手术治疗小肾癌的疗效。方法47例患者行保留肾单位的小肾癌切除术,男31例,女16例,平均年龄48岁。肿瘤直径0．8～3．0cm,平均2．3cm。透明细胞癌38例,嫌色细胞癌6例,乳头状肾细胞癌2例,囊性肾癌1例。术后定期行腹部CT、超声、尿常规及肾功能检查。结果47例手术均成功。术后随访45例,失访2例,平均随访17个月,45例肿瘤均无复发。结论保留肾单位手术治疗小肾癌安全有效。     

保留肾单位手术治疗小肾癌(附26例报告)

目的探讨保留肾单位手术治疗小肾癌的方法和疗效。方法对26例经手术和病理证实为肾细胞癌的小肾癌临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中双侧肾癌1例,孤立肾癌5例,对侧肾有病变或潜在功能受损的肾癌1例,对侧肾正常肾癌19例;26例中7例行肿瘤剜除术,其余行肾部分切除术。结果本组术后无外科并发症,平均随访40个月,无局部复发和肿瘤转移。结论保留肾单位的手术是治疗小肾癌的一种有效方法。     

保留肾单位手术治疗肾癌临床观察

目的：探讨保留肾单位手术治疗早期肾癌的临床应用价值。方法：对采取保留肾单位手术治疗的28例孤立肾或对侧肾功能不全的早期肾癌临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：术后均未发生严重并发症,术后病理均为T1a期,其中透明细胞癌22例,嫌色细胞癌3例,乳头状肾癌2例,囊性肾癌1例。术后平均随访46．5个月,肿瘤复发1例,复发率为3．6％。随访期间未出现肾功能衰竭而需透析治疗者。结论：肾癌保留肾单位手术安全、有效,适合于对侧肾功能正常、一侧局限的偶发肾肿瘤患者。     

保留肾单位手术治疗肾癌(附32例分析)

目的总结保留肾单位手术(NSS)治疗肾癌的体会。方法对32例行保留肾单位手术肾癌患者进行回顾性总结。其中,双侧肾癌8例,总肾功能受损的肾癌12例。12例行剜出术,20例行肾部分切除术。结果随访14~48个月,平均31个月。无局部复发。术后无1例发生出血、尿漏,肾功能相对稳定。结论保留肾单位手术是早期局限性肾癌的有效治疗方法。手术成功率高,有效地控制出血和保护肾脏功能是手术成功的关键。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.