中重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并高血压的临床特点探讨

目的:探讨睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(SAS)合并高血压的临床特点。方法:将70例高血压病人分为两组(A组32例,为中重度SAS合并高血压病患者;B组38例,为普通高血压患者)。比较A、B两组高血压的特点,包括两组患者平均舒张压、平均收缩压的比较,两组高血压的发病年龄、对降压药物反应的比较;比较A、B两组病人不同时段(晨起、睡前)的血压。结果:与B组相比A组的舒张压高更为突出[(111.4±11.3)mm Hg vs(98.1±8.1)mm Hg,P<0.01)],A组患者中高血压发病年龄较普通高血压更为年轻[(44.3±6.9)岁vs(49.3±7.8)岁,P<0.01)]。A组难治性明显多于B组(18.75%vs 5.26%,P<0.01)。A组晨起收缩压和舒张压均较睡前增高[(178.8±13.2)mm Hg vs(165.1±10.3)mm Hg,(115.2±8.7)mm Hg vs(108.1±7.8)mm Hg;P均<0.01)],而B组两时间段收缩压和舒张压均无显著差异[(169.1±10.1)mm Hg vs(167.9±9.7)mm Hg,(97.1±9.5)mm Hg vs(98.9±8.6)mm Hg;P均>0.05)]。结论:SAS并高血压患者多以舒张压增高为主,晨起血压较入睡血压高更为明显,高血压发病年龄有年轻化趋势,且多为难治性高血压。     

厄贝沙坦对老年高血压晨峰患者微量白蛋白尿的影响及降压疗效

目的 探讨厄贝沙坦对老年高血压晨峰患者尿微量白蛋白的影响及降压疗效.方法 选择经24 h动态血压监测血压未达标的老年高血压晨峰患者92例,观察睡前加用厄贝沙坦治疗后血压及血压晨峰的变化和对尿微量白蛋白的影响.结果 治疗前92例老年高血压患者24 h平均收缩压(140.1±12.7)mm Hg,晨峰收缩压(45.6±10.8)mm Hg,尿微量白蛋白[(58.6±3.7)mg/L]明显升高,与治疗前比较,睡前加服厄贝沙坦治疗后患者24 h平均收缩压[(129.5±11.8)mm Hg]下降(t=3.18,P＜0.05),晨峰收缩压[(14.2±4.1)mm Hg]下降(t=5.74,P＜0.01),尿微量白蛋白[(31.7±3.1)mg/L]显著降低(t=5.24,P＜0.01).结论 厄贝沙坦可以有效降低老年高血压患者的血压及血压晨峰,提高血压达标率,降低尿微量白蛋白.     

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与高血压的相关性分析

目的:分析老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)与高血压的相关性。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年1月北京市延庆区医院呼吸内科收治的老年鼾症患者96例作为研究对象,对所有患者实施多导睡眠仪检查,基于睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数以及夜间最低血氧饱和度数值划分为4组,分别是单一鼾症组、OSAHS轻度组、OSAHS中度组与OSAHS重度组,每组24例,分析老年OSAHS与高血压之间的相关性。结果:OSAHS轻度组、OSAHS中度组与OSAHS重度组患者共计72例,伴随高血压患者有38例,占比52.78%,单一鼾症患者24例,伴随高血压患者有3例,占比12.50%,单一鼾症组患者伴随高血压的发生率小于鼾症伴随不同程度的呼吸暂停低通气综合征组,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。经晨起多导睡眠仪监测患者血压,晨起单一鼾症组患者收缩压数值平均(130.36±8.12) mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa)、舒张压数值平均(71.72±8.35) mm Hg,鼾症伴随不同程度的OSAHS患者收缩压平均数值为(153.60±9.31) mm Hg、舒张压平均数...     

高血压合并慢性肾脏病患者的动态血压分析

目的 探讨原发性高血压合并慢性肾功能不全后动态血压的变化特点.方法 对28例单纯原发性高血压患者(A组)和25例合并慢性肾脏功能不全的高血压患者(B组)进行动态血压监测.结果 ①血压比较:24 h舒张压B组高于A组[(80.9±13.4)mm Hg比(70.3±15.6)mm Hg,P＜0.05)];B组夜间的收缩压与舒张压均高于A组[(160.2±17.8)mm Hg比(140.3±25.9)mm Hg和(82.6±16.1)姗Hg比(68.8±20.2)mm Hg,P＜0.01].②血压变异性比较:B组24 h收缩压变异性和舒张压变异性均高于A组[(13.5±3.9)mm Hg比(11.3±2.1)mm Hg和(9.2±1.2)mm Hg比(8.3±1.8)mm Hg,P＜0.05],B组夜间的收缩压与舒张压变异性均高于A组[(14.9±3.3)mm Hg比(9.3±2.1)mm Hg和(9.7±2.4)mm Hg比(8.0±2.2)mm Hg,P＜0.01)].③血压趋势比较:A组血压趋势以非勺型为多,占64.3%(18/28),反勺型占10.7%(3/28);而B组反勺型占48.0%(12/25),非勺型占40.0%(10/25).结论 肾性因素参与的高血压患者血压趋势紊乱,夜间血压及变异性明显增加,均可成为肾功能继续恶化和心脑血管事件发生的重要因素.     

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征300例临床分析

目的探讨睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(sleep apnea syndrome,SAS)患者的临床特征、睡眠和生活质量、炎症因子水平及其与高血压的关系。方法 300例SAS患者(SAS组)和100例体检健康者(对照组),比较2组血压水平以及睡眠质量和生活质量评分;采用ELISA法检测2组外周血肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平。结果(1)SAS组超体质量及肥胖者比率(86.3%)高于对照组(55.0%)(P0.05);肥胖者重度SAS发生率(82.76%)高于超体质量(58.77%)和体质量正常者(12.20%)(P0.05);SAS组81.7%患者合并鼻咽部疾病;(2)SAS组睡前及晨醒后收缩压分别为(134.60±10.70)、157.40±1.09)mm Hg,舒张压分别为(85.30±7.80)、(112.40±13.20)mm Hg,对照组分别为(124.50±73.40)、(126.60±7.53)mm Hg和(76.20±6.60)、(81.30±6.90)mm Hg,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);SAS组合并高血压者睡前及晨醒后收缩压[(148.00±17.05)、(170.70±19.75)mm Hg]、舒张压[(89.07±11.87)、(115.00±14.13)mm Hg]均高于未合并高血压者[(126.40±6.92)、(151.30±18.96)mm Hg,(80.03±7.14)、(110.10±15.72)mm Hg](P0.05);(3)SAS组睡眠质量评分(4.1±1.3)低于对照组(8.9±2.4)(P0.05);SAS组生活质量评分低于对照组(P0.05);(4)SAS组血清TNF-α、IL-6、CRP分别为(15.7±6.4)ng/L、(13.4±6.1)ng/L、(7.9±3.2)μg/L,明显高于对照组[(5.6±1.2)ng/L、(4.7±1.6)ng/L、(2.4±1.9)μg/L](P0.05)。结论肥胖及鼻咽部疾病为SAS的易感因素;SAS发生与高血压有关;SAS患者睡眠质量和生活质量均下降,血清炎症因子失衡与夜间反复多次发作呼吸暂停及低氧血症有关。     

无原发性高血压的成年肥胖男性血压昼夜节律改变及相关因素分析

目的 探讨无原发性高血压的成年肥胖男性血压昼夜节律改变及相关因素.方法 行体检无高血压的成年肥胖男性(腰围≥90 cm)48例,分别测量身高、体重、腰围(WC),检测空腹血糖(FPG)、血甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及尿酸(UA)含量,并行动态血压监测.结果 非杓型血压检出率为54.2%.非杓型组BMI、WC、TG及UA均高于杓型组(P均＜0.01).非杓型组24 h平均收缩压[(130.9±7.8)mm Hg]和平均舒张压[(82.5±7.0)mm Hg]均高于杓型组[分别为(123.8±8.3)、(77.1±7.8)mm Hg](P均＜0.05);夜间平均收缩压[(125.3±7.5)m Hg],平均舒张压[(77.7±8.8)mm Hg],收缩压负荷[75.0%(57.5～90.3)%]及舒张压负荷[33.0%(9.0～71.0)%]均高于杓型组[(105.1±5.5)mm Hg、(64.6±6.0)mm Hg、12.0%(0.0～20.0)%及0.0(0.0～12.0)%](P均＜0.01).行多元线性回归显示,WC(β=-0.364,P=0.001)和TG(β=-0.451,P=0.011)为影响夜间收缩压下降百分率的独立危险因素;WC(β=-0.459,P=0.000)、年龄(β=-0.403,P=0.002)和UA(β=-0.025,P=0.016)为影响夜间舒张压下降百分率的独立危险因素.结论 腰围影响无原发性高血压的成年男性血压的昼夜节律,控制腹型肥胖对预防高血压有重要的意义.     

胰岛素样生长因子1与妊娠期高血压疾病产后遗留高血压相关性研究

目的探讨妊娠期高血压疾病产后遗留高血压患者血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin like growth factor-1,IGF-1)水平及其与血压的关系。方法 60例妊娠期高血压疾病患者为观察组,同期住院23例正常妊娠者为正常妊娠组,22例体检健康女性为对照组,于产前3d和产后3个月或体检时,采用ELISA法测定各组血清IGF-1水平,并进行比较;分析IGF-1水平与产后高血压的相关性。结果观察组产前收缩压[(180±16)mm Hg]、舒张压[(112±13)mm Hg]及血清IGF-1[(313.36±34.26)μmol/L]高于正常妊娠组[(124±12)mm Hg、(78±10)mm Hg、(121.45±11.96)μmol/L)]和对照组[(116±13)mm Hg、(76±12)mm Hg、(116.21±12.03)μmol/L)],正常妊娠组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);产后3个月,观察组遗留高血压者(遗留高血压组)血清IGF-1[(256.30±23.26)μmol/L]高于未遗留高血压者(血压恢复组)[(127.60±11.18)μmol/L]和正常妊娠组[(120.31±13.68)μmol/L](P0.05);IGF-1与妊娠期高血压疾病患者产后收缩压、舒张压均呈正相关(r=0.740,P=0.000;r=0.625,P=0.000)。结论妊娠期高血压疾病产后遗留高血压患者的血清IGF-1水平与其血压水平密切相关。     

动态血压监测评价硝苯地平控释片对亚急性期脑梗死合并高血压患者血压参数的影响

目的 通过无创性动态血压检测(ABPM)研究硝苯地平控释片对亚急性期脑梗死合并高血压患者血压参数的影响及其降压疗效.方法 应用ABPM观察51例脑梗死合并原发性高血压患者,根据所得数据分析硝苯地平控释片(拜新同)治疗前及治疗后第14天的血压变异性(BPV)、平滑指数、晨峰血压控制及谷峰比值等血压参数的变化.结果 (1)服用硝苯地平控释片(拜新同)后第14天的收缩压(SBP)、日间收缩压(dSBP)、夜间收缩压(nSBP)、舒张压(DBP)、日间舒张压(dDBP)、夜间舒张压(nDBP)较用药前均有明显降低[(144.70±14.89) mm Hg比(163.10±16.48) mm Hg,(145.67±15.20) mm Hg比(164.55±16.81) mm Hg,(140.85±19.46) mm Hg比(156.73±20.55) mm Hg,(81.24±8.88) mm Hg比(89.49±10.06) mm Hg,(81.25±9.40) mm Hg比(90.18±10.64) mm Hg,(81.34±12.10)mm Hg比(86.28±12.11) mm Hg;t值分别为11.01、11.53、5.29、8.71、7.53、2.31,P均＜0.05)];(2)以标准差作为BPV的指标,治疗后第14天收缩压的24h收缩压变异性(SBPV)、日间收缩压变异性(dSBPV)、夜间收缩压变异性(nSBPV)较治疗前有显著下降[(16.52±4.38)mm Hg比(19.78±6.72) mm Hg,(15.45±4.71) mm Hg比(17.88±7.25) mrn Hg,(14.94±5.89) mm Hg比(19.17 ±8.27) mm Hg;t值分别为3.38、2.19、2.99,P均＜0.05)],舒张压的BPV治疗前、后差异无统计学意义;(3)平滑指数与BPV存在负相关(r≤-0.28;P均＜0.05);(4)用药治疗后的收缩压晨峰血压[(22.65±12.77) mm Hg]较治疗前[(31.94±16.36) mm Hg]得以明显控制(t=3.20,P＜0.01);(5)整体法计算24 h的谷峰比值(T/P),收缩压和舒张压分别是0.721和0.676;个体计算法得到的T/P比值,SBP为0.588±0.360,DBP为0.628±0.433.两种方法均＞0.5.结论 有效控制血压及BPV对脑卒中患者有着重要的意义,硝苯地平控释片能恒定释放药物,平稳降压的同时可以有效降低BPV及晨峰血压.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与高血压的临床研究

目的　通过测定阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 (OSAHS)患者血压以探讨其高血压的发病状况及与病情轻重的关系。方法　随机抽取 30例正常人 ,111例OSAHS患者进行整晚多导睡眠图检查 ,次晨醒后马上测量血压 ;随机抽取 2 0例中、重度OSAHS患者使用持续气道内正压通气 (CPAP)呼吸机治疗 1个月 ,治疗过程中每天早上醒时马上测定血压以了解血压变化情况。此外以平均血压为因变量 ,年龄、体重指数 (BMI)、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度 (SaO2 min)、腹围和颈围为自变量 ,作多元回归分析。结果　本次调查的OSAHS患者的高血压患病率为 5 0 .5 % ,OSAHS患者的收缩压和舒张压水平明显高于正常对照组 ;OSAHS合并高血压者醒时血压明显高于睡前 ,此外 ,多元线性回归分析示平均血压与年龄呈正相关 (r =0 .4 1,P <0 .0 5 )、与SaO2 min呈负相关 (r =- 0 .4 1,P <0 .0 5 )。CPAP呼吸机治疗 1个月后可显著降低患者的血压。结论　重度OSAHS患者和OSAHS合并高血压者存在着不同的病理生理改变 ,血压增高的程度和高血压患病率会随OSAHS病情加重而逐渐增高 ,CPAP呼吸机治疗 1个月后可明显降低患者的血压     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清RhoA/ROCK-2通路的改变与肺动脉高压发生的相关研究

目的 探讨RhoA/ROCK-2在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者肺动脉高压(PH)形成中的作用.方法 选择经全夜多导睡眠监测确诊的30例OSAHS患者作为实验组,同时选择与之性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)相匹配的健康志愿者15名作为对照组;行彩色多普勒超声心动图测定肺动脉压力(PAP);检测血清RhoA/ROCK-2含量.结果 OSAHS组PAP水平[OSAHS患者合并PH组为(47.30±12.85)mm Hg、OSAHS患者未合并PH组为(22.31±3.07)mm Hg]高于对照组[(19.47±1.92)mm Hg],差异有统计学意义(W=175.50,P<0.05);OSAHS未合并PH者血清RhoA和ROCK-2水平[分别为(10.43±3.10)、(22.31±16.10)μg/L]明显高于对照组[(2.94±1.20)、(6.04±0.28)μg/L],差异有统计学意义(W=120.00,W=121.00,P均<0.05);OSAHS未合并PH者血清RhoA/ROCK-2水平低于OSAHS合并PH者[(14.85±8.49)、(36.81±12.69)μg/L],但仍高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(H=29.172,H=30.242,P均<0.05);相关分析显示OSAHS组无论是合并PH还是未合并PH,PAP和睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数均呈正相关(r_s=0.793,r_s=0.887,P均<0.05),最低动脉血氧饱和度和PAP呈负相关(r_s=-0.562,r_s=-0.751,P均<0.05),血清RhoA/ROCK-2水平均与PAP呈正相关(r_s=0.793,r_s=0.887,P均<0.05),RhoA和ROCK-2水平亦呈正相关(r_s=1.000,r_s=1.000,P均<0.05).结论 OSAHS为肺动脉高压发生的独立危险因素,并且RhoA/ROCK-2通路可能在OSAHS患者肺动脉高压的形成中起重要作用.     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

Dissociable correlates of two classes of retrieval processing in prefrontal cortex

Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局临床分析

目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4％(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7％(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3％(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1％ (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9％ (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8％(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大＜6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8～10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1％(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9％(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2％(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 ％(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.