Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in eyes with inactive and active proliferative diabetic retinopathy

We reviewed the records of 2,100 consecutive eyes that had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation between January 1981 and December 1989. Of these eyes, 21 had inactive and four had active proliferative diabetic retinopathy at the time of cataract extraction. Twenty-one eyes with inactive proliferative diabetic retinopathy received extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and four eyes with active proliferative diabetic retinopathy had both extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy with endophotocoagulation. The mean follow-up period was 27 months. Final visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 12 of 25 eyes (48%). Of 25 eyes, five (20%) showed progression of the retinopathy after the operation, and two (8%) developed macular edema. Extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was well tolerated in most eyes.     

白内障超声乳化摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术

目的　评价青光眼合并白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术的临床疗效。方法　应用白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗26例(26眼)白内障合并青光眼患者术后随访2～16个月。结果　平均眼压由术前24.82 mmHg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)降到术后16.52 mmHg其中88.46%患者眼压被控制在21 mmHg以下,术后裸眼或矫正视力>0.3者80.77%,功能性滤泡占61.54%。结论　此手术方式安全可行,能使大部分青光眼合并白内障患者眼压控制并获得较好视力     

高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶体植入术

评价高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶体植入术的疗效。方法对２１例老年性、并发性和先天性白内障施行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化吸除,通过３．２ｍｍ切口植入折叠式人工晶体,通过５．５ｍｍ切口植入ＰＭＭＡ硬性人工晶体。     

晶状体超声乳化玻璃体切割及后房型人工晶状体植入术

目的 评价晶状体超声乳化玻璃体切割及后与人工晶状植入术的临床疗效。方法 对１６例患者行晶状体超声乳化玻璃体切割及后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果 ３－１０个月随记中,所有患者术后视力都有不同程度提高,视力０．５以上者６例（３７．５％）,０．２－０．４者７便（４３．７５％）,０．１以下者３例（１８．７５％）。结论 玻璃体切割术中行晶状体超声乳化术联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,能够获得良好视力而无严重并发症     

状体超声乳化玻璃体切割及后房型人工晶状体植入术

目的　评价晶状体超声乳化玻璃体切割及后房型人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法　对16例患者行晶状体超声乳化玻璃体切割及后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果　3～10个月随访中,所有患者术后视力都有不同程度提高,视力05以上者6例(375%),02～04者7例(4375%),01以下者3例(1875%)。结论　玻璃体切割术中行晶状体超声乳化术联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,能够获得良好视力而无严重并发症,是治疗白内障合并眼后段病变一种较理想的手术。     

负度数人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并超高度近视眼

目的 观察白内障超声乳化联合负度数Sensar AR40e折叠式人工晶状体植入治疗超高度近视合并白内障的临床疗效.方法 对超高度近视合并白内障行超声乳化白内障吸除联合负度数Sensar AR40e人工晶状体植入术的35例(59只眼)患者进行回顾性研究,记录术前眼轴长度,观察手术并发症和术后视力、屈光度数及其与预期屈光度数的偏差值(屈光度数偏差值).术后随访时间为3～12个月.结果 术前平均眼轴长度为31.34mm.术后最佳矫正视力≥0.2共49只眼(83.05%),≥0.5者共26只眼(44.07%).术后屈光度数偏差值＜±1.00 D共31只眼(52.54%),<±2.00 D共52只眼(88.14%).术中仅1只眼晶状体后囊膜破裂;术后6只眼晶状体后囊轻度混浊,随访期间无视网膜和脉络膜脱离.结论 白内障超声乳化联合负度数人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并超高度近视眼安全、有效.植入负度数后房型人工晶状体既可以维持眼内组织的稳定性,又可同时进行屈光矫正.     

Posterior chamber lens implantation concurrent with vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Combined operation of cataract removal with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy were performed on 25 eyes in 22 patients with cataract concurrent with diabetic retinopathy. In 21 eyes, extracapsular cataract extraction followed by intraocular lens insertion, aiming at in-the-bag fixation, was performed, and in 4 eyes pars plana lensectomy with anterior capsule left and intraocular lens insertion between the iris and anterior capsule was carried out. Mean postoperative follow-up period was 14 months, ranging from 3 to 32 months. Visual acuity on the last examination was 0.5 or better in 2 eyes (8%), 0.1 or better in 12 eyes (48%), and worse than 0.05 in 9 eyes (36%). Major postoperative complications were fibrin reaction (20 eyes, 80%), pupillary deformation (19 eyes, 76%), pupil capture by intraocular lens (3 eyes, 12%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (1 eye, 4%), neovascular glaucoma (2 eyes, 8%), and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (13 eyes, 52%). Intraocular pressure was well controlled in neovascular glaucoma cases. At the last examination ocular fundus was invisible due to vitreous hemorrhage in two eyes.     

Phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation combined with vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical outcomes of phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with primary vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade to treat severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. METHODS: The results of combined cataract surgery and silicone oil injection in 20 eyes (20 patients) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had tractional or tractional-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and clinically significant lens opacities; none had previous intraocular surgery. An acrylic foldable IOL was implanted in the capsular bag or ciliary sulcus. RESULTS: Primary anatomic success was achieved in 90% of eyes. Functional success was attained in 60% of eyes after a mean follow-up of 7.6 months. The postoperative visual acuity improved in 60% of patients, was unchanged in 20%, and was worse in 20%. Silicone oil was removed in 80% of patients without complications after a mean of 3.4 months. The mean absolute value of the difference between the predicted refraction and postoperative refraction was 0.74 diopter (D) (range 0.03 to 1.74 D). CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation combined with primary vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade was performed safely with favorable anatomic and visual outcomes in eyes with severe PDR.     

糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入疗效分析

目的:探讨糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸出(phaco)及人工晶状体(IOL)植入的手术效果。方法:对46例(56眼)糖尿病患者行白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术,观察术中、术后并发症及术后视力的情况。结果:术后视力≥0.5者46眼(82.1%),术后并发症:角膜内皮水肿、前房纤维渗出、人工晶状体表面色素沉着、后囊膜混浊,与同期非糖尿病患者比较差异无显著性。结论:对于糖尿病患者只要术前血糖控制在相对稳定的水平上进行白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术疗效是安全有效的,术后并发症少,视力恢复好。     

Fibrin glue-assisted sutureless posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in eyes with deficient posterior capsules

We report a new surgical technique that uses biological glue to implant a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) in eyes with a deficient or absent posterior capsule. Two partial-thickness limbal-based scleral flaps are made 180 degrees apart diagonally, and the haptics of the PC IOL are externalized to place them beneath the flaps. Fibrin glue is used to attach the haptics to the scleral bed, beneath the flap. This simple method of PC IOL implantation requires no specially designed haptics. It provides good flap closure and IOL centration and stability without suture-related complications.     

超乳术中后囊破裂行Ⅰ期后房人工晶状体植入

目的：探讨基层医院开展白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂行Ⅰ期后房人工 晶状体的可行性和疗效。方法：在297眼白内障患者行超声乳化术，其中19例在术中发现后囊破裂，15眼合并玻璃体脱出而行前段玻璃体切除，均植入后房人工晶状体。结果：在19眼中，7眼囊袋内植入人工晶状体，12眼睫状沟植入。平均随访6月，裸眼视力≥0．3有19眼，≥0．5有14眼，≥1．0有5眼。8眼出现前房玻璃体渗出。结论：在超乳术中，若出现后囊破裂，只要处理得当，完全可以植入后房型人工晶状体，术后视力恢复较好。     

玻璃体切除联合白内障超声乳化加人工晶状体植入治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的探讨玻璃体切除手术联合白内障超声乳化摘除加人工晶状体（IOL）植入术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的效果。方法回顾分析32例（35眼）增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切除联合超声乳化加IOL植入手术患者资料,其中5期病变19眼,6期病变16眼。术前视力为光感～0．2,中位数为数指,仅5眼（14％）术前视力1〉0．1。均在局部麻醉下手术,白内障手术均先于玻璃体手术。术后随访时间I〉3个月。对数据进行分类计数,求百分比。结果IOL均成功植入囊袋内。15眼采用了硅油或长效气体填充。术中并发症包括：4眼（11％）瞳孔缩小,1眼（3％）囊袋内少许晶状体皮质残留。术后并发症包括：1眼（3％）复发玻璃体积血,4眼（11％）虹膜后黏连。末次随访视网膜均保持复位,术后视力0．01～0．6（中位数013）,34眼（97％）术后视力1〉0．1。结论玻璃体切除联合白内障超声乳化摘除加IOL植入术是治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的有效手段。具有较高的安全性,有助于患者视力早期恢复。     

高度近视白内障超声乳化及低度数人工晶状体植入术

目的：评价高度近视白内障超声乳化及低度数人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法：对84例128眼高度近视白内障施行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化,乳化时间平均201s,超声能量平均33．85,结果：术后1d,1wk,1mo视力≥0．4者分别为71．1％、75．8％、79．7％,术后3mo视力≥1．0者占22．6％,影响术后视力主要原因为高度近视近致眼底病变,主要并发症为角膜水肿（4．7％）、前房纤维素性渗出（1．65）及后囊膜破裂（2．3％）,结论：高度近视白内障超声乳化及低度数人工晶状体植入术,具有视力恢复良好、矫正屈光不正及预防视网膜脱离等优点,是高度近视白内障较理想的手术方式。     

Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in eyes with open-angle glaucoma

PURPOSE: To study the effect of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (PHACO IOL) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma medication in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) eyes. METHODS: 38 open-angle glaucoma (OAG) eyes with cataract underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (PHACO IOL) performed by one surgeon (RJU). None of the patients had prior intraocular surgery. Surgery was performed by scleral incision on 37% and by clear corneal incision on 63%. Patients were re-examined on the first postoperative day, after one week, 4 months, and in 29 cases 1-3.7 (mean 2.8) years after the operation. RESULTS: The mean preoperative IOP was 18.4+/-3.3 mmHg with a mean of 1.7 glaucoma medications. On the first postoperative day, the mean IOP rose to 28.2 +/- 12.5 mmHg. IOP > or = 30 mmHg occurred in 39.5% of the eyes. After one week, IOP had returned to the preoperative level. After 4 months, IOP had further decreased to 16.1 +/- 3.8 mmHg (p = 0.0027). After a mean follow-up of 1-3.7 (mean 2.8) years, the average postoperative IOP was 15.1 +/- 2.9 mmHg, being significantly (p = 0.001) lower than the preoperative IOP with 86% of the patients having a mean of 1.6 drugs on average. The type of incision (scleral vs. corneal) did not affect the postoperative IOP level. Using the criteria of Bigger and Becker (1971) the long-term IOP control after PHACO-IOL surgery was improved or unchanged in 86% and worse in 14% of the preoperatively well-controlled OAG eyes. CONCLUSIONS: In OAG eyes PHACO IOL is associated with a significant decrease in IOP with less medication up to 1-3.7 (mean 2.8) years.     

高度近视合并白内障超声乳化及负,低度数人工晶体植入术

目的探讨高度近视合并白内障超声乳化及负、低度数人工晶体植入术的临床疗效。方法总计１０２例（１２０只眼）眼轴长≥２８ｍｍ的高度近视合并白内障患者,其中Ⅱ级核５只眼,Ⅲ级核８４只眼,Ⅳ级核１６只眼,Ⅴ级核１５只眼。采用巩膜隧道式切口及原位超声乳化碎核,超声能量设定Ⅱ或Ⅲ级核为５０％～６０％,超声时间４０～１３０秒,平均７１．３秒。Ⅳ或Ⅴ级核采用超声乳化中央切核和手法出核,超声能量设定为６５％～７０％,超声时间４８～８２秒,平均６８．７秒。结果术后１个月裸眼视力≥０．５者５２只眼（４３．４％）,矫正视力≥０．５者７５只眼（６２．６％）。术后随访１１～２２个月,平均１４．５个月。手术主要并发症为角膜水肿（６．７％）和后囊膜破裂（４．２％）。未见视网膜脱离及黄斑囊样水肿。结论超声乳化联合负、低度数人工晶体植入适合于高度近视合并白内障患者,具有恢复良好视功能、矫正屈光不正、预防视网膜脱离、减少后发障及手术并发症等优点,值得临床推广应用     

白内障超声乳化摘出及后房折叠型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视合并白内障

目的　评价高度近视合并白内障行超声乳化摘出及后房折叠型人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法　对４６例（７７眼）高度近视合并白内障患者施行透明角膜切口超声乳化吸出术,通过３．２ｍｍ切口植入后房折叠型人工晶状体。于术后１周、１个月、３个月、６个月随访复查,比较手术前后最佳矫正视力、球镜度数、柱镜度数、角膜曲率、角膜内皮细胞计数和眼轴长度的变化。结果　手术均顺利完成,人工晶状体１００％囊袋内植入。术后１周、１个月、３个月、６个月最佳矫正视力≥０．５者分别有５９眼、６０眼、６５眼和６５眼。术后６个月患者球镜度数、柱镜度数、角膜曲率、眼轴长度、角膜内皮细胞计数分别为（ －１．０４±０．５９）Ｄ、（－０．２３±１．１４）Ｄ、（４３．７２±１．１６）Ｄ、（２８．４６±１．７７）ｍｍ、（２０４１±８２５）个·ｍｍ－２。与术前相比,球镜度数、角膜内皮细胞计数两项差异具有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　超声乳化摘出及后房折叠型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视合并白内障效果良好,术后视力恢复快、屈光状态稳定。     

Extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in glaucomatous eyes

Two hundred ninety-six eyes of 250 patients undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with or without the implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) were studied. Pre-existing glaucoma of varying severity was present in 139 eyes and no known ocular pathology other than cataract in 157 eyes. During the first eight weeks following surgery, intraocular pressure elevations greater than or equal to 15 mmHg above baseline were seen in 23% of glaucomatous eyes controlled before surgery with glaucoma medications, in 39% of glaucomatous eyes controlled before surgery with argon laser trabeculoplasty, and in only 3% of nonglaucomatous eyes. The implantation of a PC-IOL did not influence the incidence of postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations. Among glaucomatous eyes with severe preoperative visual field loss (split fixation or central island less than or equal to 10 degrees), 9.7% had worsening of visual field after surgery. Open angle glaucoma of unclear etiology developed in 1.4% of normal eyes following uncomplicated ECCE with PC-IOL implantation. Surgical techniques the authors have found useful in glaucomatous eyes undergoing ECCE with PC-IOL implantation are discussed.     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术的研究进展

随着有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens,PPCIOL)制作材料、设计和工艺的日趋改善,PPCIOL植入术在治疗中高度近视、远视及散光方面,与激光手术比较具有明显优势,术后屈光状态稳定,并且手术具有可逆性,手术并发症发生概率低.因此越来越多的医生和患者将其作为矫正屈光不正的首选手术.本文就PPCIOL的设计、手术适应证及禁忌证、手术方法、术后观察、并发症及其防治等方面进行综述,以期为临床应用提供参考.     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术的研究进展

随着有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens,PPCIOL)制作材料、设计和工艺的日趋改善,PPCIOL植入术在治疗中高度近视、远视及散光方面,与激光手术比较具有明显优势,术后屈光状态稳定,并且手术具有可逆性,手术并发症发生概率低.因此越来越多的医生和患者将其作为矫正屈光不正的首选手术.本文就PPCIOL的设计、手术适应证及禁忌证、手术方法、术后观察、并发症及其防治等方面进行综述,以期为临床应用提供参考.