Design and Construction of a Low Cost dsPIC Controller Based Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator (rTMS)

In this work, a digital signal peripheral interface controller (dsPIC) based repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulator (rTMS) was designed and tested under low voltages. In addition, some limited knowledge of TMS, especially design parameters and notions concerned with it, also were investigated. The reason employing the dsPIC in the design is that design parameters can effectively be controlled. Pulse width modulation and switching output of the control unit, which is necessary to control the rTMS device, were controlled in a more effective way. The other novelty is that developed system can be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in future work provided by digital signal processing performance of dsPIC. Bounded-cylindrical in shape head model made from nonmagnetic material, was used during the tests of the system. Spectrum analyses of clicking sounds were performed with FFT by using MATLAB. The effectiveness of the designed system have been proved by its’ measurement results compared with previous works.     

SUPER—1生物医学信号智能处理仪的研制及应用

Research work for making a biomedical signal processing instrument based on the APPLE-II computer is reported in this paper. According to the theory of the computer, two interface boards were designed as the hardware of the instrument. The memorizing waveform program was designed as the main program in the software system. Through a functional extended program, also called software inter face, more than ten programs especially for physiology can be easily linked to the main program. with the combination of both the software and hard ware several parameters of the instrument, such as sampling speed, gain of the amplifier, etc. can be controlled by a closed loop. This instrument is available in the physiology laboratory to replace oscilloscope, recorder, stimulator simultaneously. The functions of the instrument are stronger than those of the conventional instruments.     

连续颈椎旁阻滞在肩关节手术麻醉的应用

目的：评价连续颈椎旁阻滞在肩关节手术麻醉的应用及术后镇痛的有效性和安全性。方法将40例肩袖损伤拟行肩关节镜手术的患者随机分为神经刺激器组（S组）和超声联合神经刺激器组（U组）,每组20例。采用改良颈椎旁阻滞入路进行穿刺和留置导管,分别于离开恢复室及术后4、24、48 h观察静息和运动（肩关节外展45°）时的视觉模拟评分（VAS）、前臂肌力、不良反应、辅助镇痛药用量等指标。结果 S组和U组的平均操作时间为（90.2±45.7）s和（57.5±28.1）s,差异有统计学意义（P=0.01）;平均试探次数分别为（4.0±1.7）次和（2.7±1.2）次,差异有统计学意义（P=0.01）。2组患者术后4、24、48 h的静息和运动VAS评分、前臂（屈腕、屈指、屈肘）肌力等比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2组患者均无严重不良反应。结论改良入路颈椎旁阻滞能安全有效地应用于肩关节术后镇痛,超声联合神经刺激器引导能提高穿刺的有效性,缩短操作时间。     

车用微型步进电机检测系统的设计与实现

随着汽车自动化操控要求的不断提高,现代汽车不断采用微型步进电机来驱动天窗、车窗等零部件。此类电机对带负载情况下的相电流、相电阻、失步等问题要求严格。本文通过硬件电路的设计、软件代码的编写构建了步进电机综合性能测试系统,并对系统进行了运行调试。实验结果表明：该系统性能稳定、结构简单,能够准确反映被测电机的综合性能,满足企业对步进电机自动化测试的需求。系统采用磁粉制动器、扭矩传感器来模拟负载的加载和检测功能,因此该方法能够应用于其他带负载的检测系统,具有良好的应用价值。     

无线遥测和刺激技术建立兔房颤模型的探索

目的 探索一种在无线遥测和刺激技术基础上的兔房颤模型的制作.方法 新西兰兔皮下植入自主研发的植入式遥测刺激器,植入式遥测刺激器的制作是以TI公司(德州仪器)的MSP单片机和TI公司的RF无线收发芯片CC2250为核心开发设计.优化植入系统设计以满足新西兰兔房颤模型建立的探索实验;植入子植入新西兰兔腹部皮下,采集电极留置于左上肢和右上肢腋下皮下,两个刺激电极分别缝合于左心耳和左心房上,通过无线收发采集和刺激信号;实现利用Powerlab生理记录仪连续监测体表I导联心电信号,并通过专用计算机程序刺激软件,发放间歇(刺激2 s,暂停2 s)高频(频率20 Hz)阈上(强度2 mA,脉宽1 ms)刺激,若间歇期内出现房颤,则人为干预中止刺激,若转为窦性心律,则继续刺激.结果 植入式遥测刺激器在体内可稳定工作(包括采集模拟心电信号和发放刺激)30 d,植入新西兰兔体内刺激3周后可诱导出房颤,持续时间>48 h.结论 用新西兰兔代替比格犬建立基于无线遥测和刺激基础上的房颤模型是完全可行的,同时也体现了动物福利优化和替代原则.     

短纯音刺激在蜗电图客观测听中的应用

<正> 近年来,由于电子计算机被应用于医学研究领域,已有可能不需经过手术,从人体引出耳蜗电位,即蜗电图。十多年来,经过多方面的研究,蜗电图(Electrocochleogram)客观测听方法已被应用于临床。 应用蜗电图法可记录出听神经动作电位,总和电位及耳蜗微音器效应。以此三种电现象为指标,不仅可以进行客观听力测定,研究内耳的机能,且可研究感觉神经性耳聋的发病机     

一种在用超声诊断设备探头性能检测系统的研制

目的研制一套可对超声探头进行性能评价的系统,方便对临床在用探头进行性能检测及质量控制。方法运用频域分析和可视化技术,基于超声脉冲回波测试方法,实现对超声探头的信号灵敏度、中心频率和相对带宽等主要声学性能参数进行检测。结果研制了一套超声探头临床质控和性能检测系统,可对多个厂家型号的设备探头主要性能参数进行检测评价。结论在用超声探头检测系统灵敏度高、容易操作,可进行超声探头的预防性检测,对在用超声诊断设备的日常质量控制及性能评价具有重要实用价值。     

VMS—Ⅲ通用电脑刺激系统的研制

VMS-Ⅲ通用电脑刺激系统除集中了目前现有的数字式和可编程等各类刺激器基本功能外,又增加了诸如:在程序控制下调节输出脉冲的宽度及幅度;可产生任意波形输出;能实现双路输出,各路有四个程序控制输出端等新功能.该系统主要由一个刺激器和两个隔离器构成。刺激器以 Z80-CPU 微处理器作核心;隔离器应用先进的光电耦合技术.该系统采用自校正技术,成功地解决了光电耦合电路的零点漂移问题,提高了输出精度。经过两年多的使用,该系统工作可靠,性能稳定,功能齐全。为从事心脏、肌肉、神经、细胞等生理学方面的基础研究和临床诊断提供了新的电刺激源,改善了研究手段。     

三级公立中医医院绩效考核综合管理平台设计

针对目前三级公立中医医院绩效考核需求,设计了基于B/S模式的三级公立中医医院绩效考核综合管理平台,阐述了平台设计的目的、体系结构、技术架构与关键技术、主要功能模块和平台特点。该平台能够提升中医医院绩效考核数据质量和绩效考核工作效率,可满足中医医院精细化管理的需求。     

数字化医院运营绩效评估方法的研究与实践

本文依托医院网络系统数据资源,依据医院管理者对运营绩效评价的内容需求,探索出一套“数字化医院网络条件下运营绩效评估方法”,旨在充分发挥网络信息资源在医院运营管理决策中的支持作用,为建立科学高效的运营绩效考核评估机制,提供客观、量化、准确、真实的数据。     

适应多原料生产生物柴油过程的模型预测控制策略

针对生物柴油生产过程具有小批量、多品种特点,以原料切换为研究对象,进行控制系统设计。首先应用酯交换动力学模型建立机理模型,然后对酯交换过程的3个因子进行中心复合旋转设计(CCRD)来优化酯交换过程,进而得出原料切换时系统的最优参数,最后采用模型预测控制算法(MPC)设计出主动适应原料变化的控制器。经仿真研究得出,本文设计的主动适应原料变化的预测控制系统能够很好地改善酯交换器的性能指标。     

An Artificial Neural Network Classification Approach for use the Ultrasound in Physiotherapy

In this study, a classification to be used in physiotherapy was realized by means of Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The aim of the classification was to determine the treatment length and appropriate ultrasound value for the age of physiotherapy patients, the area on which ultrasound will be applied, the fat rate in tissue and related factors. For this purpose, the patient information obtained from Selçuk University, Meram School of Medicine Hospital, Physiotherapy Department was used. In order to identify the appropriate ultrasound value and treatment length for the patient, the ultrasound therapy device realized with ANN was placed together in an embedded system. The results obtained by means of the designed and realized embedded system were compared with data gathered from an expert. As a result, the data obtained from the designed system were found out to be in line with the existing data.     

A general purpose neural network simulator system for medical data processing

We developed a general purpose neural network simulator system for medical data processing. This system has a flexible network definition language. Users can define arbitrary hierarchical neural networks using the definition language to analyze medical data that contains some complex patterns. The learning algorithm used in this system is back propagation. Learning curves are displayed on multiple windows. This is a general purpose system, so it can be used for various kinds of medical data processing such as one dimensional signal processing or two dimensional image processing. The system can run on a standard UNIX workstation, which is faster and more powerful than most personal computers. The system needs an X window system/Motif Motif and C compiler. These are standard system programs already available on most UNIX workstations. The source code of the system can be retrieved from our anonymous ftp site via Internet.     

Wireless Body Sensor Network Using Medical Implant Band

A wireless body sensor network hardware has been designed and implemented based on MICS (Medical Implant Communication Service) band. The MICS band offers the advantage of miniaturized electronic devices that can either be used as an implanted node or as an external node. In this work, the prototype system uses temperature and pulse rate sensors on nodes. The sensor node can transmit data over the air to a remote central control unit (CCU) for further processing, monitoring and storage. The developed system offers medical staff to obtain patient’s physiological data on demand basis via the Internet. Some preliminary performance data is presented in the paper.     

基于MWMKPCA和CPI的间歇过程控制性能监测与评估

针对限定控制器结构下的间歇过程控制系统性能监测与评估的问题,采用引力搜索算法优化控制器参数,在最优控制参数的基础上得到控制性能较优的输出误差数据集;通过采用多种多元统计过程控制（MSPC）方法对数据集进行主元建模,用得到的主元模型对新的间歇过程批次进行在线监测,并提出一种基于控制图的综合控制性能指标（CPI）。仿真结果验证了采用移动窗口核主元分析法（MWMKPCA）在监测间歇过程控制性能时的准确性,同时验证了所提出的综合控制性能指标的有效性。     

钬激光生物学效应的研究进展

钬激光以其优良的特性，在医学上的应用不断扩展。不同输出功率的钬激光对生物组织产生不同的效应。Cecchetti W针对高功率钬激光产生的良好消融、汽化、切割及碎石效应，提出了等离子体理论，较好地解释了钬激光作用过程中出现的各种物理现象，进一步指导临床应用；逐渐降低钬激光的输出功率，可分别引起组织凝固、生物良性刺激，促进组织、细胞代谢及修复等效应。     

Efficiency Measurement of Cardiac Care Units of Isfahan Hospitals in Iran

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Cardiac Care Units (CCU) of hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. The multi-criteria comparison between the wards of different hospitals is not only useful for the patients but also important for the hospitals management to improve their performance and for the medical policy makers to plan strategic decisions. In this paper, it is intended to consider the aspects of efficiency beyond the traditional evaluation of check list. There are some measures which are used in the existing health audit system and several quantified ratios. Among them the most important ones, based on the patient satisfaction and resource efficiency, have been selected using the weights obtained from their paired comparisons. The factors which have been chosen are divided into two subsets: first, input factors consisting of average number of active beds, medical equipment, personnel (such as doctors, nurses and technicians), and technological capabilities, and second, output factors including bed occupancy percentage, average length of stay, total percentage of survival and performance ratio. The input oriented and variable returns to scale model of Data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique is used to evaluate the efficiency of each CCU ward. The model can be used to find out the causes of inefficiency and how to improve the performance. The method has been applied to evaluate and compare 23 CCUs of hospitals in Isfahan. Although the current health audit system, which uses a check list, has reported 21 of them as first class CCU, DEA model reveals that 11 of them are inefficient. The results may be then used to suggest the improvement strategies based on the output factors.     

Cerebellar stimulation for cerebral palsy spasticity, function, and seizures

Chronic cerebellar stimulation (CCS) applied to the superio-medial cortex reduces generalized cerebral spasticity, athetoid movements, and seizures. Eighteen clinics have reported on 600 cerebral palsy (CP) patients who comprise 90% of those treated with CCS. CP patients have varying degrees of limited abilities interfered with by spasticity (primitive reflexes, increased muscle tone, co-contractions, and spasms) and by athetoid movements in two-thirds of the patients. With CCS, spasticity reduction occurred in 85% (marked 25%, moderate 34%, mild 27%) and resulted in improvements in patient drooling, speech, respiration, posture, motor performance, gait, joint range of motion, and mood states. Radiofrequency (RF)-linked stimulators were used initially with serious equipment and calibration problems; 68% of 422 patients improved. When totally implantable controlled-currrent stimulators were used, 86% of 178 patients improved. Our double-blind study of 20 CP patients using this implantable stimulator showed 12 (60%) improved in motor performance, joint range of motion, and profile of mood states when the stimulator was ON. When abilities are graded (1: poor to 9: best), the seven patients with the higher functioning grades (5-8) all improved (99% confidence level). Intractable seizures occurred in 27 (8%) of our CP patients. At a 17-year follow-up, 19 patients contacted were using or had used CCS with 10 (53%) seizure-free and 6 (32%) with reduced seizures. CCS should be given by a totally implanted controlled-current stimulator (1-4 microCoulombs/sq. cm. /phase, 150-200 Hz) applied intermittently to the superio-medial cerebellar cortex for safe, effective, and continuous results.     

神经刺激器在小儿腋入臂丛麻醉中的作用

目的比较神经刺激器法与传统的搏动法在小儿腋入臂丛阻滞麻醉中的效果、麻药用量及其对循环功能的影响.方法选择41例拟行上肢手术患儿,随机分为两组,腋入撙动组(P组)20例和腋入神经刺激器组(S组)21例,分别用0.25%罗哌卡因(2.5mg/kg)行腋入臂丛麻醉.记录麻醉前、麻醉后,手术开始后5、20、35、50min及术后30min患儿的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和心率(HR)及穿刺过程中是否有出血及麻醉的潜伏期、手术时间、手术开始时患儿的反应和术中使用麻药剂量等指标.结果手术开始后5、20min时P组患儿的心率为(116.3±13.2)次及(¨03±9.9)次,明显快于S组的(105.1±9.6)次及(98.2±7.9)次,P组操作过程中出血者4例,明显多于S组的l例,P均＜0.05.结论儿童在神经刺激器引导下腋入臂丛麻醉,效果确切,对血流动力学影响小,并可减少穿刺时的出血.     

气腹机性能检测试验装置的研究

本文分析了行业标准中对气腹机气压和耗气量测定的要求,并按照要求设计了患者腹腔模拟系统以及耗气量测定容器,并应用两种装置对两款气腹机的性能进行了测试,结果表明设计的两种装置能够应用于气腹机性能检测。