Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. VI. Investigation of the influence of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) on cartilaginous tissue regeneration

Dressing of artificially formed losses of the cartilaginous tissue with the preparation containing ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) caused acceleration of regenerating processes in the lesioned cartilage. EEP inserted into the joint is well tolerated.     

Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. II. Studies on the antiprotozoan activity of ethanol extract of propolis.

Solutions of the ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) have shown a lethal effect on Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. Similar lethal action was exhibited by EEP after a 24-h contact with Toxoplasma gondii.     

Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. I. Some physico-chemical properties of propolis

The presence of 19 elements has been shown in the ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP). Three fractions have been obtained by filtration through a structural gel that did not show an initial antibacterial activity when investigated separately. Fractions 2 and 3 joined together have regained this activity. EEP solutions maintain their anitbacterial activity in acidic or neutral pH. Insensitivity of EEP solutions on temperautre of 75 degrees C for 30 min has been found.     

Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. V. The action of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on laboratory animals. Histochemical investigations.

In the experiment on rats the ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) injections caused an activation of all experimental enzymes. The greatest effect EEP exerted was on NADPH2 tetrazolium reductase and glucose-6-phosphatase.     

蜂胶提取工艺的研究

目的为了充分利用和开发蜂胶资源提供科学依据.方法以蜂胶总黄酮含量为指标,采用正交设计试验法优选蜂胶的提取工艺.结果乙醇浓度对蜂胶中总黄酮含量有显著影响.结论蜂胶的最佳提取工艺条件为A2B3C2D3.     

蜂胶口胶防龋作用初步研究

目的 通过蜂胶口胶对变形链球菌、牙菌斑及唾液 ｐＨ值的影响,初步探讨蜂胶口胶的防龋作用与机理。方法 选择３～４岁儿童,分别在使用蜂胶。胶前后进行口腔变形链球菌的半定量测定,牙菌斑指数及唾液ｐＨ值的检测。结果 观察组使用蜂胶口胶后变形链球菌数量显著减少,牙菌斑指数降低,唾液ｐＨ值高于对照组。结论 蜂胶口胶抑制变形链球菌的生长繁殖,影响牙菌斑的形成,并升高唾液ｐＨ值,在龋病的预防上有开发价值。     

Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. IV. The action of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on cells cultured in vitro

An increase of total cell number was shown in the cell culture in vitro under the influence of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP). Addition of EEP to the nutrient medium of the cells caused a strong activation of mitoses. Besides, distinctly intensified metabolism of these cells expressed by a strong activation of NADH2-reductase was also observed.     

Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. X. Preliminary pharmacological evaluation of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP)

A study consisting of an examination of the acute toxicity of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) in mice, its effect on spontaneous movement in mice and rats, its analgesic properties and its influence on body temperature in mice was conducted. Also examined was the activity of EEP on animals under the influence of narcotics and spontaneous movement under the influence of amphetamine, its effects on blood pressure and respiration in rats. The results of these examinations indicate that EEP injected i.p. has a weak general effect on the experimental animals.     

Biological properties and clinical application of propolis. VIII. Experimental observation on the influence of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on the regeneration of bone tissue

Artificially induced bone tissue losses after the application of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) showed an accelerated rate of ossification. The osteogenetic process was just about half as long as in the control group.     

Effect of water extract of Turkish propolis on tuberculosis infection in guinea-pigs.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H(37)R(v))-infected guinea-pig model was used to investigate the effect of water extract of propolis (WEP). After subcutaneous inoculation of tubercle bacilli, each animal received oral WEP (n=9), isoniazid (n=5) or saline (n=6) as placebo and were sacrificed 30 days later. Formation of necrosis was less prominent in the group treated with WEP, but was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The granuloma formation in the same group was more prominent than the placebo and isoniazid groups; however, this finding failed to reach statistical significance by the Kruskal-Wallis test (P>0.05). These findings suggest that Turkish WEP may have a limited effect on the development of tuberculosis infection in this guinea-pig model.     

Spray-dried propolis extract, II: prenylated components of green propolis

The effect of spray drying conditions on the chemical composition of Brazilian green propolis extract was investigated using a factorial design and high performance liquid chromatography. The raw and dried extract contents of caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, drupanin, isosakuranetin, artepillin C, baccharin and 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxyethenyl-2H-1-benzopyran were quantified using veratraldehyde (3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde) as internal standard. The baccharin content in spray-dried propolis was affected by the drying temperature with a 5% significance level, while the coumaric acid and drupanin contents were dependent on drying temperature at a 15% significance level. The other chemical markers, caffeic acid, isosakuranetin, artepillin C and 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxyethenyl-2H-1-benzopyran, showed to be independent of drying conditions. However, all the chemical markers showed some loss on drying, which varied from 30 to 50%. The results showed that prenylated compounds are sensitive to drying, but their losses may be considerably reduced under low temperatures, around 40 degrees C. The antioxidant activity of the spray dried propolis was determined by the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and showed a quadratic dependency on the temperature; extract feed rate and the interaction between them. However, spray dried propolis extracts presented antioxidant activities similar to the original propolis tincturae.     

蜂胶抗诱变作用的实验研究

目的:探讨蜂胶对环磷酰胺等强诱变剂诱发基因突变的抑制作用.方法:应用Ames试验分别检测蜂胶对环磷酰胺(CP)、叠氮钠(NaN3)、正定霉素(DNR)、2-氨基芴(2-AF)诱发基因突变的抑制作用.并观察蜂胶对CP诱发的小鼠骨髓微核、小鼠胎肝微核损伤的保护作用.结果:蜂胶对CP等4种诱变剂诱发的基因突变均产生强抑制作用,且具有剂量-效应关系.对诱变剂诱发的小鼠骨髓微核和胎肝微核的发生率也分别有中、强度抑制作用.结论:蜂胶具有一定的综合抗诱变作用.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of propolis

Propolis (bee-glue), known as a folk medicine, is a lipophilic material found in honeybee hives. In the present study on the anti-inflammatory effect of Korean propolis, it was extracted with ethanol, and used as a test material. The LD₅₀ value with the oral administration of ethanolic extract of Korean propolis (EEKP) was higher than 2 g/kg in mice. The oral administration of the propolis extract (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the development of hind paw edema induced by carrageenin in rats. The oral pretreatment of the propolis extract markedly inhibited the increase in vascular permeability and the number of writhing induced by acetic acid in mice. Propolis extract, 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o. per day for 7 days, produced a significant inhibitory effect on granuloma and exudate formation in rats. This inhibitory effect was enhanced with the concomitant use of prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg). These results suggest that Korean propolis apparently has a strong anti-inflammatory activity.     

蜂胶对阿霉素致心肌损伤小鼠的影响

目的 探讨蜂胶对阿霉素致小鼠心肌损伤的干预作用.方法 将32只健康昆明小鼠完全随机分为4组,各8只.优选β2环糊精包合蜂胶的最佳工艺,以该蜂胶环糊精包合物为实验药物建立小鼠阿霉素心肌损伤模型,测定血清、心肌的生化指标,并观察心肌结构变化.结果 阿霉素可致小鼠血清肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力升高[阿霉素损伤组比正常对照组分别为(4900±270)U/L比(2970±230)U/L与(1080±213)U/L比(835±79)U/L],同时心肌超氧化物化酶(SOD)活力下降[(266±15)U/L比(427±12)U/L](均P＜0.01).蜂胶各组CK、LDH活力较阿霉素损伤组明显降低,SOD活力明显升高,其中以蜂胶大剂量组作用明显.结论 蜂胶能够拈抗阿霉素引起的自由基脂质过氧化,从而保护心肌细胞.

Abstract：

Objective To establish myocardial injury in mice model through Adriamycin and to observe the preventive effects of the propolis on adriamycin induced myocardial injury in mice. Methods To establish myocardial injury in mice model through β2 cyclodextrin optimum propolis and experimental drugs of Propolis cyclodextrin and to mensurate many biochemistry targets of blood serum and cardiac muscle, observing the change of Cardiac muscle structure. Results ADR may make creatine kinase(CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) of mice blood serum high and make SOD of cardiac muscle low. Propolis can reverse the ADR result of this change. The performance is to reduce the CK and LDH of blood serum and raise the SOD of cardiac muscle by dosage relevance. The effect of big group is obvious ( P＜0.01).Light microscopy also confirmed the protective effect of propolis. Conclusion Propolis can antagonize the free radical lipid peroxidation caused by ADR, protecting myocardial cells.     

蜂胶质量标准的研究

目的对不同产地或批次蜂胶样品进行分析,建立蜂胶的质量控制标准。方法用性状、薄层色谱、浸出物及总黄酮、白杨素和高良姜素含量等为指标进行质量评价。先对蜂胶进行除蜡处理后,采用薄层色谱法对蜂胶进行定性鉴别,采用紫外分光光度计对总黄酮进行定量测定,采用高效液相色谱法对白杨素和高良姜素进行定量测定。结果薄层色谱斑点清晰,易于识别,具有较好的专属性;制定蜂胶浸出物含量应≥50.0%;总黄酮含量范围应≥8.0 g/100 g;白杨素含量应≥2.0%;高良姜素含量应≥1.0%。结论所建立的方法操作简便、准确,可作为蜂胶的质量控制方法。