p27KIP1和CyclinE表达与喉鳞状细胞癌生物学行为的关系

目的:探讨p27^KIP1和CyclinE基因蛋白与喉鳞状细胞癌（LSCC）生物学行为的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测60例LSCC、40例喉不典型增生病变和20例喉正常粘膜中p27^KIP1和CyclinE基因蛋白的表达。结果：p27^KIP1和CyclinE阳性表达主要定位于细胞核；在LSCC、喉不典型增生病变和喉正常粘膜中p27^KIP1阳性表达率分别为：58．3％（35／60）、67．5％（27／40）和90．0％（18／20）（P＜0．05）；CyclinE阳性表达率分别为：45．0％（27／60），20．0％（8／40），5．0％（1／20）（P＜0．001）。LSCC中颈淋巴结转移组和非淋巴结转移组，淋巴结转移阳性组p27^KIP1阳性表达率明显低于阴性组（P＜0．01）；淋马结转移组CyclinE阳性表达率明显高于非淋巴结转移组（P＜0．01）。p27^KIP1和CyclinE表达显著相关性（P＜0．01）。结论：p27^KIP1和CyclinE异常表达可能是喉癌发生中早期分子事件，对喉癌发生发展起重要作用。     

p27kip1在胃癌中的表达和意义

目的 探讨p27kip1（细胞周期素依赖性激酶抑制因子）在胃癌中表达及其与胃癌临床病理学特征的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测p27kip1在60例胃癌组织原发灶和淋巴结转移灶中的表达。结果 p27kip1在胃癌的阳性表达率为43．33％（26／60）,阳性细胞定位于细胞浆,在高分化及Ⅰ,Ⅱ期胃癌高表达（P＜0．05）,且与淋巴结转移密切相关（P＜0．01）。结论 p27kip1表达与胃癌组织分化程度、淋巴结转换呈负相关;p27kip1表达对估计胃癌预后有一定意义。     

尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体表达与胃癌中浸润和转移过程的关系

目的：研究尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体（uPAR)在胃癌浸润和转移过程中所起的作用。方法：采用免疫组化SP法检测59例胃癌组织中uPAR折表达，观察其与癌组织学类型、浸润深度以及淋巴结转移的关系。结果：59例中uPAR阳性28例；在乳头状、管状腺癌和粘液腺癌中uPAR阳性率较高，而在低分化癌和印戒细胞癌中阳性率较低（P＜0．01）；有淋巴结转移组uPAR阳性率为60．5％（23／38），高于无淋巴结转移组的23．8％（5／21）（P＜0．01）；uPAR在早期胃癌阳性率为12．5％（1／8），侵及肌层组阳性率为38％（6／16），侵犯全层组阳性率为60％（21／35），差别有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论：uPAR与胃癌的浸润和转移密切相关，也与胃癌组织学类型有关。     

P16蛋白表达与胃癌生物学行为的联系

目的 探讨P16蛋白表达与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法 采用S－P免疫组织化学方法，检测51例胃癌组织中P16蛋白的表达，并与正常胃组织进行对比。结果 正常胃组织和胃癌组织中P16蛋白阳性表达率分别为100．0％（12／12）和39．2％（20／51），两组比较有非常显性差异（P＜0．001）。P16蛋白的阳性表达与胃癌分化程度、浸润深度无明显关系（P＞0．05），但在有淋巴结转移的胃癌中，P16蛋白的阳性表达率仅25．8％（8／31），而无淋巴结转移组P16蛋白的阳性表达率为60．0％（12／20），两组间有显性差异（P＜0．05）。结论 P16蛋白表达缺失与胃癌的发生及淋巴结转移有密切关系。检测P16蛋白表达可作为诊断胃癌及判断患预后的参考指标。     

上皮钙粘素在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨上皮钙粘素（E－cadherin,E-CD）在慢性胃炎、胃粘膜异型增生及胃癌组织中的表达及与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学SP法研究20例慢性胃炎、20例胃粘膜异型增生及50例胃癌组织中E－CD的表达。结果：慢性胃炎、胃粘膜异型增生及胃癌的阳性表达率分别为95．0％（19／20例）、85．0％（17／20例）、42．0％（21／50例）。慢性胃炎及胃粘膜异型增生组的阳性表达率显高于胃癌组（P＜0．01），同时E－CD在胃癌组织中的表达与胃癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度及临床分期等有相关关系（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）。结论：E－CD参与了肿瘤的发生、发展、浸润及转移。     

CD44V9和nm23基因蛋白在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨胃癌组织中CD44V9和nm23的表达,相互关系及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组化SABC法对60例胃癌中CD44V9和nm23表达进行检测。结果：胃癌组织中CD44V9和nm23的阳性表达率分别为75％和55％;CD44V9阳性胃癌中nm23阳性表达率（42．2％）明显低于CD44V9阴性胃癌（93．3％）（P＜0．01）,CD44V9阳性表达与胃癌Lauren分型,浸润深度及淋巴结转移有关（P＜0．05）,nm23表达与胃部淋巴结转移有关（P＜0．05）。结论：CD44V9和nm23在胃癌中表达呈明显负相关,二者有可能作为临床上预测胃癌侵袭转移潜能的指标。     

胃癌P-耐药糖蛋白和P53、mdm2蛋白表达关系的研究

目的：探讨P－耐药糖蛋白（P－gp)和P53、mdm2蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达关系。方法：应用免疫组化SABC法对79例胃癌进行P－gp、P53、mdm2蛋白表达的检测。结果：P－gp、P53及mdm2蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性率分别为40．5％（32／79）、58．2％（46／79）、15．2％（12／79）；P－gp表达与淋巴结转移有关（P＜0．01），与胃癌的组织学类型和浸润深度无关（P＞0．05）；P53表达与胃癌的浸润深度和淋巴结转移有关（P＜0．05）；mdm2与胃癌的组织学类型、浸润深度及淋巴结转移无关（P＞0．05）。P－gp过表达与P53过表达呈正相关（P＜0．01），与mdm2过表达呈正相关（P＜0．05）。结论：P－gp、P53及mdm2蛋白多并存于胃癌组织中，可为临床判断病人耐药程度、预后提供依据。     

胃癌组织中p33^ING1、p53基因蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨p336ING1基因蛋白在胃癌中表达的临床意义及其相互关系。方法:应用Envision免疫组化法检测71例胃癌,12例胃粘膜不典型增生患者p33^INC1,p53基因蛋白的表达,并与正常胃粘膜及慢性胃炎粘膜18例对照。结果：粘膜不典型增生组及对照组中p33^ING1均阳性表（100％）,而胃癌中表达62．0％（44／71）,明显下降,与前两组之间差异显著（P＜0．01）,胃癌中p33^ING1表达与肿瘤的浸润,淋巴结的转移及分化有关,（P＜0．01）,p53表达与肿瘤大小,浸润,淋巴结转移有关（P＜0．01）。结论：p33^ING1是抑癌基因,在胃癌中表达下降,对胃癌发生、发展可能起重要的作用,p33^ING1和p53在胃癌中表达有相关性（P＜0．01）,p33^ING1与p53野生型基因互相协同,依赖,抑制的细胞生长,促进凋亡,检测胃癌患者p33ING1的水平,对p53 介导的基因治疗有重要意义。     

P53、C-erbB-2在乳腺癌中的表达及其预后价值

目的：探讨p53、C－erbB-2在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及预后评价中的作用。方法：免疫组化检测59例人乳腺癌石蜡切片p53、C－erbB-2的表达，并与肿瘤大小，淋巴结转移和肿瘤复发率对比分析。结果：p53阳性表达与腋淋巴结转移，肿瘤大小（P＜0．05）和肿瘤复发呈正相关（P＜0．01）；C－erbB-2阳性表达与腋淋巴结转移（P＜0．01）和肿瘤复发呈正相关（P＜0．05）；两者同时阳性表达亦与肿瘤复发呈显著正相关（P＜0．01＝，结论：p53、C－erbB-2表达与人乳腺癌预后有一定相关性，两者同时阳性表达可能提示预后更差。     

p^27KIP1在喉鳞状细胞癌中表达的临床意义

目的：探讨p^27KIP1基因蛋白与LSCC生物学行为的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测60例LSCC、40例喉不典型增生病变和20例喉正常粘膜中p^27KIP1基因蛋白的表达。结果：p^27KIP1阳性表达主要定位于细胞核,在LSCC、喉不典型增生病变和喉正常粘膜中p^27KIP1阳性表达率分别为：58．3％（35／60）、67．5％（27／40）和90．0％（18／20）（P＜0．05）。LSCC中颈淋巴结转移组p^27KIP1阳性表达率明显低于无淋巴结转移组（P＜0．01）。结论 在LSCC癌变过程中,p^27KIP1阳性表达率呈逐渐下降趋势。p^27KIP1表达的下调对喉癌发展起重要 作用     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.