锁定加压钢板治疗Pilon骨折31例疗效分析

目的：探讨锁定加压钢板治疗Pilon骨折的疗效。方法：2006-05～2008-08,共收治31例Pilon骨折患者,采用切开复位、锁定加压钢板内固定治疗,全部病例获得随访。结果：随访时间12～20个月,平均15.3个月。31例患者全部获得骨性愈合,骨折临床愈合时间为10～20周,平均13.4周。发生创伤性关节炎3例,伤口并发症3例：经换药后均愈合。据Mazur标准,本组优良率为83.9%。结论：通过详细的术前评估、术中仔细操作、术后恰当的功能锻炼,开放复位、锁定加压内固定治疗Pilon骨折可获得较好的疗效。     

锁定加压钢板内固定治疗Pilon骨折

目的:探讨应用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗Pilon骨折的疗效。方法:2006-06～2011-12采用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗36例Pilon骨折,从术后并发症情况、骨折愈合率患、愈合时间及踝关节功能等方面,对手术疗效进行评价。结果:随访4～24个月,术后3例切口皮肤边缘坏死、不愈合,经过换药等对症治疗愈合,1例切口感染、皮肤全层坏死骨外露,经清创换药及皮瓣转移愈合,无骨折不愈合,平均愈合时间15.2周,采用Mazur等制定的踝关节症状与功能评分系统进行评定,优18例,良13例,可3例,差2例,优良率86.1%。结论:应用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗Pilon骨折可以获得良好的疗效。     

高能量Pilon骨折分期治疗两种不同固定方法疗效的比较

 目的 比较高能量Pilon骨折分期治疗中锁定加压钢板内固定与有限内固定结合外固定的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2009-01至2013-10治疗的56例高能量Pilon骨折患者的临床资料。早期采用跟骨牵引或支具、石膏外固定后,二期按手术固定方法不同分为两组:A组27例行切开复位锁定加压钢板内固定,B组29例行微创有限内固定结合外固定。比较术后两组患者骨折愈合的时间、踝关节功能恢复、并发症情况。结果 A组骨折愈合时间(4.9±0.6)个月,B组(5.2±0.7)个月,两组比较差异无统计学意义。A组踝关节功能恢复优良率(81.5%)与B组(75.9%)比较,差异无统计学意义。A组共发生并发症5例(18.5%),B组7例(24.1%),两组比较差异无统计学意义;但感染发生率比较,A组(14.8%)高于B组(0)(P＜0.05)。结论 在高能量Pilon骨折分期治疗中,上述两种治疗方法均能取得满意效果且疗效相当,但对伴有重度软组织伤者,微创有限内固定结合外固定较切开复位锁定加压钢板内固定治疗,感染的风险更低。     

经皮锁定加压钢板内固定治疗骨质疏松性肱骨干骨折

目的 探讨经皮置人锁定加压钢板内固定治疗骨质疏松性肱骨干骨折的初期疗效。方法 总结2004年1月-2006年5月经皮置人锁定加压钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨干骨折13例。结果 13例全部获得随访。X线片显示骨折全部I期愈合。结论微创经皮锁定加压钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨干骨折损伤小且内固定牢靠，患者可早期行功能锻炼，初期临床疗效满意。     

经皮微创锁定加压钢板治疗锁骨骨折

目的探讨经皮微创锁定加压钢板内固定术治疗锁骨骨折的临床应用,以及对其临床疗效的评价。方法应用间接复位技术,通过建立骨折两端皮下隧道,采用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗锁骨骨折20例。结果20例患者随访3～11个月,平均7个月。骨折愈合时间6～11周,平均8周,无骨折延迟愈合不愈合,无钢板松动断裂。结论经皮微创锁定加压钢板内固定符合生物学固定（BO）原则,有利于骨折的愈合及软组织的修复。     

锁定加压钢板、重建钢板及微创经皮锁定钢板内固定治疗锁骨骨折的疗效比较

目的探讨锁定加压钢板、重建钢板及微创经皮锁定钢板内固定治疗锁骨骨折的疗效。方法 2016年12月—2018年1月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院治疗锁骨骨折患者127例,男性78例,女性49例;道路交通伤51例,摔伤36例,运动伤40例。根据内固定方式不同将患者分为锁定加压钢板组(n=43)、重建钢板组(n=38)和微创经皮锁定钢板组(n=46)。其中锁定加压钢板组采用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗,重建钢板组采用重建钢板内固定治疗,微创经皮锁定钢板组采用微创经皮锁定钢板内固定治疗。比较三组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间和并发症情况。比较三组患者术前和术后1d的白介素-1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平。比较三组患者术后6个月的肩关节功能和生活质量评分。结果微创经皮锁定钢板组的术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间少于锁定加压钢板组和重建钢板组,锁定加压钢板组的术中出血量、住院时间和骨折愈合时间均少于重建钢板组(P0.05)。术后1d三组患者血清IL-1、TNF-α水平均明显上升(P0.05),术后1d微创经皮锁定钢板组的血清IL-1、TNF-α水平低于锁定加压钢板组和重建钢板组,锁定加压钢板组的血清IL-1、TNF-α水平低于重建钢板组(P0.05)。术后6个月三组患者的肩关节功能优良率和生活质量各项评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。三组患者的并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论锁定加压钢板、重建钢板及微创经皮锁定钢板内固定均能有效治疗锁骨骨折,可提高患者的生活质量,其中微创经皮锁定钢板内固定术中出血量少、患者恢复快,可减轻炎症应激反应,具有一定的优势。     

锁定钢板治疗老年性胫骨Pilon骨折

目的探讨锁定钢板治疗老年胫骨Pilon骨折的方法和疗效。方法回顾性分析锁定钢板内固定治疗11例老年Pilon骨折的临床资料;根据MüllerAO分型:B2型2例,B3型1例,C1型3例,C2型2例,C3型3例;Ruedi-Allgower分型:Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型4例。11例在无明显手术禁忌情况下,均行开放复位锁定钢板内固定术。结果术后随访13~25个月,平均18个月,骨折均愈合。根据踝关节功能Mazur评价标准:优4例,良5例,可1例,差1例,优良率81.8%。结论根据老年Pilon骨折特点,充分的术前准备,采用合适的内固定治疗,利于早期进行功能锻炼,减少术后并发症的发生,提高老年患者生活质量。     

微创钢板固定技术结合锁定加压钢板治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折25例分析

目的探讨经皮微创钢板固定技术（MIPPO）结合解剖型锁定加压钢板（LCP）治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折的方法和疗效。方法回顾分析我科2007年6月-2010年6月采用MIPPO技术结合LCP治疗的Ⅲ型Pilon骨折25例,其中男16例,女9例;年龄18-62岁,平均39．2岁。根据Ruedi-Allgower分型标准,均为Ⅲ型。结果本组随访时间8-24个月,平均12个月,所有病例均骨性愈合,愈合时间6-10个月。根据Mazur评分标准,优15例,良7例,可2例,差1例,优良率88％。结论应用MIPPO技术锁定加压钢扳治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折创伤小,能减低对骨折处血运的干扰,提高骨折愈合率,是治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折的理想的方法。     

微创治疗胫骨骨折37例临床分析

目的：探讨胫骨骨折的治疗方法,减少感染和骨折延迟愈合的风险,提高治愈率。方法：2005-06～2008-09间我们根据微创的要求。应用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定和经皮微创锁定加压钢板固定微创治疗37例胫骨骨折患者。结果：5例优,32例良。取得满意疗效。结论：应用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定和经皮微创锁定加压钢板固定微创治疗胫骨骨折是较好的微创治疗方法。     

锁定加压钢板微创固定治疗复杂肱骨干骨折的临床观察

目的:探讨锁定加压钢板微创固定治疗复杂肱骨干骨折的手术方法及临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2009-01～2010-02采用通过肱骨前方入路,结合锁定加压钢板治疗复杂性肱骨干骨折患者19例的临床资料。结果:所有患者骨折均于术后2～4个月愈合。患者2个月后复查功能恢复满意,肩、肘关节功能恢复正常。结论:锁定加压钢板微创固定治疗复杂肱骨干骨折安全,疗效明显。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.