急性河豚毒素中毒患者神经电生理的研究

目的 研究急性河豚毒素（TTX）中毒患者神经电生理的改变。方法 检测58例TTX中毒患者的肌电图，运动神经传导速度（MCV），感觉神经传导速度（SCV），F波，H反射和体感诱发电位（SEP）。结果 22例TTX中毒患者（37．9％）肌电图以多相不规则波为主，MCV，SCV均有减慢，以SCV减慢最为显著，MCV远端动作电位潜伏期明显延长，神经传导速度（NCV）的异常率比纤颤，正尖波检出率高，F反应，H反射异常提示部分TTX中毒累及神经根；SEP的异常率达56．9％。结论 TTX中毒可伴有中枢神经的损害。神经电生理检测可用来动态观察其神经系统损害程序，病程，范围，亦是TTX中毒时早期检查的重要手段之一。     

吉兰-巴雷综合征患者的神经电生理特点

目的 探讨吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)患者的神经电生理特点.方法 对20例吉兰-巴雷综合征患者进行肌电图(EMG)、运动神经传导速度(MCV)、F波及感觉神经传导速度(SCV)检测,共检测160条运动神经、120条感觉神经及60块肌肉,并对结果进行分析.结果 上、下肢神经远端潜伏期延长占54.4%,MCV减慢占68.8%,F波异常占95.0%,SCV减慢占70.8%,EMG提示神经源性损害占70.0%.结论 GBS为广泛的周围神经损害,存在以脱髓鞘为主伴有轴索变性的神经电生理改变.神经电生理检测对GBS的诊断具有极为重要的诊断价值.     

神经传导速度在肌萎缩侧索硬化中的诊断价值

目的　研究肌萎缩侧索硬化 (ALS)患者中神经传导速度的改变 ,建立量化评定肌萎缩侧索硬化病情轻重的神经生理指数。方法　对 2 1名ALS患者的 3 0条尺神经、3 2条正中神经及 2 4名健康对照组的 3 8条尺神经、40条正中神经进行神经运动传导速度 (MCV)及感觉传导速度 (SCV)和F波的检测。两组间数据进行统计学分析。结果　ALS组正中神经、尺神经运动传导速度的远端潜伏期 (DML)、肌肉动作电位 (CAMP波幅及面积、F波的出现率 )较对照组有显著性差异。而两组MCV、SCV、F波的潜伏期差异无显著性。ALS组中 1 0名小指展肌的肌力与 (CAMP波幅 /DML×F出现率 )的数值有显著的相关性 (r=0 89,P <0 0 1 )。结论　 (CMAP波幅 /DML×F波的出现率 )是一种有效的客观的电生理指数 ,可对ALS病情进行量化评估     

帕金森病患者周围神经损害的特点

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)患者周围神经损害的特点。方法将32例PD患者根据H-Y分级标准分为轻度组(17例)和重度组(15例),分别进行神经电生理检查,包括四肢感觉和运动神经传导速度(SCV、MCV)及潜伏期(LP)、波幅(Amp)、F波LP及出现率、H反射LP;并与对照组(30例)比较。结果 (1)与对照组比较,PD轻度组和重度组SCV及MCV LP明显延长,Amp明显降低,下肢SCV及MCV明显减慢;F波及H反射的LP明显延长,F波出现率明显降低(均P<0.05);(2)与PD轻度组比较,PD重度组下肢SCV明显减慢,SCV及MCV的Amp明显降低,F波LP明显延长,出现率明显降低(均P<0.05)。结论 PD患者周围神经损害下肢重于上肢,感觉神经损害重于运动神经,并与病情有关。     

糖尿病患者周围神经传导速度的研究

目的:通过周围神经传导速度(NCV)的研究,早期诊断糖尿病(DM)患者的糖尿病性周围神经病变。方法:应用上海海军医学研究所NDI-200F神经电检诊仪,对DM组95例患者行尺神经、正中神经、胫神经和腓神经运动传导速度(MCV)及尺神经、正中神经、腓肠神经感觉传导速度(SCV)检测与30例健康人组对照。结果:DM组95例, NCV异常率为77.89%(74/95)。共检测665条神经,MCV380条,异常率55.26%,SCV285条,异常率50.88%,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。上肢检测380条神经,异常率45.53%,下肢检测285条神经,异常率63.86%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。DM组SCV波幅减低率为53.66%。DM组按病程分为三组,<5年,30例,异常率28.10%;≥5年,31 例,异常率为54.84%;≥10年,34例,异常率74.37%,组间差异均有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。DM组中29例无周围神经病变症状与体征,NCV异常11例(37.93%)。结论:周围神经传导速度检测不但可以早期诊断糖尿病患者的糖尿病性周围神经病变,而且此方法可靠、简便、无创。     

不同电生理检测方法对糖尿病患者胫神经损害诊断价值的比较

目的比较不同的神经电生理检测方法对糖尿病患者胫神经损害的诊断价值。方法应用EMG仪对63例确诊2型糖尿病患者进行单侧胫神经运动传导速度(MCV)及感觉传导速度(SCV)、F波及H反射检测,比较四者的诊断阳性率。结果本组63例糖尿病患者胫神经四种检查方法阳性率从高到低依次为H反射(76.19%)、F波(53.97%)、SCV(36.51%)、MCV(17.46%)(均P0.05)。本组中43例无周围神经临床症状和体征的糖尿病患者胫神经四种检查方法阳性率从高到低依次为H反射(76.74%)、F波(55.81%)、SCV(32.56%)、MCV(13.95%)(均P0.05)。本组63例糖尿病患者中反映神经远端传导功能的神经传导速度总异常率为44.44%(28/63),而反映神经近端传导功能的H反射与F波总异常率为80.95%(51/63),二者比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.952,P0.01)。结论四种不同的电生理检测方法可以较全面反映胫神经远近端的损害,糖尿病患者胫神经损害不仅仅限于远端,其近端亦容易受损。四种检测方法中H反射阳性率更高,可以更早发现胫神经的亚临床病变。     

慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发神经根神经病的肌电图异常特点和诊断价值研究

目的探讨慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发神经根神经病(CIDP)的肌电图特点和评价病情严重程度的价值。方法收集39例2018年9月至2020年12月收治的CIDP患者的临床资料。采用Hughes残疾评分评估患者病情严重程度。肌电图检查(1)4条运动神经:正中神经、尺神经、胫神经、腓神经的复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅、运动传导速度(MCV)和F波潜伏期;(2)3条感觉神经:正中神经、尺神经、腓肠神经的感觉神经传导速度(SCV)、动作电位(SNAP)波幅。根据电生理检测结果将患者分为A组(所测神经均可引出波形)和B组(≥1条神经测不出波形)。用Pearson相关性分析MCV、CMAP波幅和F波潜伏期与CIDP病情严重程度的相关性;用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价MCV、CMAP及F波潜伏期对CIDP的诊断价值。结果与A组比较,B组Hughes残疾评分、脑神经受累、肢体无力、腱反射减弱、肌肉萎缩比例,MCV和CMAP波幅、F波潜伏期、SNAP波幅异常率以及F波潜伏期显著增加;而MCV、CMAP波幅均显著降低(均P0.05)。正中神经和尺神经MCV,胫神经CMAP波幅与病情严重程度呈显著负相关;正中神经、尺神经F波潜伏期与病情严重程度呈显著正相关(均P0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,4条运动神经的MCV、CMAP及F波潜伏期均在CIDP的诊断中具有一定价值(均AUC0.07),3项指标联合可显著提高CIDP诊断的敏感度和特异度。结论 CIDP神经电生理表现为MCV明显减慢、CMAP波幅降低和F波潜伏期延长,神经损伤严重的CIDP患者此3项指标异常率更高,联合MCV、CMAP及F波潜伏期3项指标可提高CIDP诊断的敏感度和特异度。     

神经传导速度检测诊断酒精性周围神经病的价值

目的探讨神经传导速度(NCV)对慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病(CAPN)的诊断价值。方法采用肌电图检测52例CAPN患者的正中神经、尺神经、腓神经和胫神经的NCV,并与26例健康者进行对照比较。结果CAPN患者的NCV异常率为73.12%,明显高于对照组;下肢NCV异常率(80.77%)高于上肢异常率(76.47%);感觉神经传导速度(SCV)异常率(82.73%)高于运动神经传导速度(MCV)异常率(75.26%)。结论NCV检测可作为酒精中毒性周围神经病的方法之一。     

61例糖尿病患者周围神经传导速度临床分析

目的 探讨周围神经传导速度（NCV）在糖尿病性周围神经病（DPN）诊断中的价值。方法 对61例糖尿病（DM）患者行正中神经、尺神经和腓总神经运动传导速度（MCV）及正中神经、尺神经和腓浅神经感觉传导速度（SCV）进行检测。结果 61例糖尿病患者NCV异常率为81．97％（50／61）。共检测732条神经,MCV366条．SCV366条,异常率分别为27．05％（99／366）、49．45％（181／366）,差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。上肢检测488条神经,异常率为30．94％（151／488）;下肢检测244条神经,异常率为48．77％（119／244）,差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论 检测周围神经传导速度不但可以早期诊断糖尿病性周围神经病,而且有助于发现亚临床患者,是DPN的重要辅助检查手段。     

格林-巴利综合征患者肌电图检测及其意义

目的探讨格林-巴利综合征(Guillain-Barre syndrome,GBS)患者肌电图的特点及其意义。方法采用肌电图检测技术,对86例临床诊断为GBS的患者进行肌电图检测,并比较分析与脑脊液检测结果的相关性及其差异性,即其中29例脑脊液生化值(细胞-蛋白分离)异常和16例CFS值正常的肌电图结果分析。结果临床诊断GBS 86例病例中,运动神经传导速度(MCV)异常率最高;其次是胫神经H反射。而腰穿检查结果敏感度低,异常率也低。结论 GBS患者临肌电图特征:以运动神经传导速度(MCV)异常表现为主,MCV传导速度异常高于SCV感觉传导速度;H反射异常率高于F波异常率;脑脊液常规检查蛋白细胞变异明显影响患者周围神经(MCV/SCV/H/F)传导速度。     

磁刺激运动诱发电位在多发性周围神经病中的诊断价值

对１２例多发性周围神经病患者进行磁刺激运动诱发电位（ＭＥＰ）测定，同时测定感觉神经传导速度（ＳＣＶ）、运动神经传导速度（ＭＣＶ）及Ｆ波。结果发现，ＭＥＰ潜伏期异常率为７５％，高于ＳＣＶ（６６．７％）和ＭＣＶ（５８．２％）及Ｆ波（６０％）；至少有１项ＭＥＰ指标异常者１１例，占９１．７％。分析认为，ＭＥＰ异常率较高的原因在于它可以对包括神经根在内的周围神经全长进行测定。将ＭＥＰ各项指标综合分析可提高ＭＥＰ的阳性率。ＭＥＰ对周围神经病是一项有较大价值的辅助检查手段。     

F-wave latency,the most sensitive nerve conduction parameter in patients with diabetes mellitus

In this study we examined the diagnostic sensitivity of minimal F-wave latency, F-wave persistence, motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV), and amplitude of the compound motor action potential (CMAP) of the median, ulnar, tibial, and peroneal nerves, and of sensory conduction velocity (SCV) and sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude of the sural nerve in 82 diabetic patients. For the median, ulnar, and tibial nerves the Z scores of the minimal F-wave latency were significantly larger than those of the MCV, and for all four motor nerves the Z scores of the minimal F-wave latency were significantly larger than those of the amplitude of the CMAP. The Z scores of the peroneal minimal F-wave latency exceeded those of peroneal MCV, sural SCV, and sural SNAP. F-wave persistence did not differ significantly from the reference values. In conclusion, minimal F-wave latency is the most sensitive measure for detection of nerve pathology and should be considered in electrophysiological studies of diabetic patients. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 20: 1296–1302, 1997     

Peripheral neuropathy in multiple sclerosis: a clinical and electrophysiologic study

Peripheral nerve abnormalities are uncommon in multiple sclerosis (MS). When present, they are usually attributed to factors associated with advanced disease, such as malnutrition or cytotoxic drugs. We prospectively evaluated 22 mildly disabled MS patients with sensory complaints for evidence of neuropathy using the Neuropathy Symptom Score (NSS), clinical examination, and electrophysiologic studies of peripheral nerves. Distal latency, F-wave response, and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and amplitude in the ulnar, median, tibial, peroneal and sural nerves were examined. Neuropathy was recorded if electrophysiologic abnormalities were detected in at least two peripheral nerves in the same patient. The most frequent electrophysiologic abnormalities noted were prolonged F-wave response and low motor amplitude in the peroneal nerve, slow sensory conduction velocities of the ulnar and sural nerves, and prolonged distal latencies in the sensory ulnar and sural nerves. Electrophysiologic abnormalities were found in 33 of 244 nerves examined (14.7%) and occurred in 10 patients (45.5%). Neuropathic symptoms were mild and did not correlate with electrophysiologic abnormalities. Age, disease duration, disease course and neurologic disability as evaluated by the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale, were not associated with the presence of neuropathy. Our findings indicate a high frequency of sensory-motor neuropathy in a selected group of MS patients.     

Peripheral motor and sensory nerve conduction studies in normal infants and children.

OBJECTIVE: There are few data on electrophysiological data of motor and sensory fibres during nerve maturation. The aim of this study is to investigate the evolution of nerve conduction in the upper and lower limbs during the first years of life. METHODS: The study comprised 92 normal infants and children aged from 1 week to 6 years. Using surface electrodes, the investigation included the following data: (1) motor conduction velocity (MCV), corrected distal motor latency (DML) to a standard distance, and F-waves of the median, ulnar, peroneal and tibial nerves; (2) sensory conduction velocity (SCV) of the median and tibial nerves; and (3) amplitude and morphology of the muscle and sensory action potentials. RESULTS: Maximal MCV and SCV in the neonatal period was about half of adults; there was a steep conduction increase during the first year of life, adult values being reached around age 4. In the neonatal period corrected DML was greater than in adults with a further decrease during the first year. F-wave latencies also decreased during the first year with increase at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS: This study corroborates the fact that 'maturation' of MCV and SCV occurs during the first 5 years of life, especially in the former. Evolution of DML is accounted for using correction. F-wave latency changes are explained both by an increase in MCV, and extremity growth.     

糖尿病性周围神经病患者的神经电图改变

目的 观察糖尿病性周围神经病（DPN）患者神经电图的改变。方法 对78例DPN患者进行神经电图检查,包括运动神经传叶速发（MCV）、感觉神经传导速度（SCV）和F波检查。结果 共检查78例患者的468条神经,其中MCV减慢166条,MCV减慢合并远端潜伏期延长39条,异常率43．8％;SCV减慢175条,末引出电位75条,SCV减慢兼远端潜伏期延长26条,异常率58．9％．检查102条神经的F波,其中异常66条,异常率为64．7％,12条神经（11．8％）F波时间离散度增加。结论 神经电图是诊断DPN的敏感及特异性的检查,多个参数相结合有助于提高阳性检出率。     

神经电生理检测对多灶性运动神经病诊断价值的初步研究

目的 探讨神经电生理检查在多灶性运动神经病(MMN)中的诊断价值。方法对16例MMN患者及16名健康对照进行运动神经传导速度和感觉神经传导速度检查，记录刺激引出的复合肌肉动作电位的波幅、波宽、面积、位相和时限，进行对比分析，判定是否有运动神经传导阻滞(CB)或暂时性离散(TD)，并有选择性地进行常规肌电图检查。结果16例患者均可见有一根以上运动神经或至少一根运动神经的一个以上部位出现CB或CD。其中13例双上肢正中神经，尺神经出现CB，3例以正中神经、尺神经的远端出现CB首发，随病情进展出现下肢腓深神经CB。仅有2例感觉神经传导速度稍有减慢，波幅略有降低。16例患者神经受累区域以下所支配肌肉肌电图检查见有神经源性损害。结论MMN是一种以远端神经受累为主的不对称性周围神经病，神经电生理检查对诊断和鉴别诊断．MMN起重要作用，CB是MMN的主要神经电生理表现。     

Peripheral neuropathy in patients with beta-thalassaemia.

As some patients with beta-thalassaemia manifested neurological signs, clinical and electrophysiological investigations were carried out on 53 thalassaemic patients and 29 healthy control subjects. Twenty per cent of the patients showed clinical and electrophysiological findings of a mild peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, mainly of the lower limbs. The clinical symptoms were numbness, pins and needles sensations, muscular cramps, myalgia and muscle weakness. The electrophysiological abnormalities were manifested by decreased motor conduction velocity (MCV) and prolonged F-wave latencies of the tibial and the peroneal nerves. Borderline increase in the latencies of the sensory potentials of the median nerve was also observed. The electromyographic findings of the patients with diminished MCVs were compatible with a predominantly motor peripheral neuropathy. This neuropathy appears during the second and third decade of life.