中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

患者从美囝圣路易斯出发,经3d的飞机(美国圣保罗-东京-北京-成都)后抵达成都.由于感到不适,患者与接机的2名亲人从机场乘坐出租车到四川省人民医院急救中心就诊.流行病学调查显示,患者在美国一直居住于密苏里大学内,当地没有猪病死情况发生,附近没有活猪交易市场、农贸市场、饲养场、屠宰场;未曾与猪有接触史;发病前4d密切接触过有"感冒"症状的患者;患者发病前7d内未到过甲型HINI流感病毒学实验室.临床检验发现,患者发热(37.8-38.8 ℃),WBC:7.9×10-9 L-1:N:5.475×10-9 L-1;L:19.5%;胸部X线检查:双肺纹理较多,心影增大;咽拭子检查:结果均为阴性.四川省CDC第一次病毒核酸检测结果显示甲型H1N1流感病毒,可疑.四川省卫生厅组织防控甲型H1N1流感专家组会诊,根据流行病学调查、病员发病症状体征、实验室检查和省CDC病毒检测结果分析,诊断为国内首例"甲型H1N1流感疑似病例".中国卫生部宣布,四川省甲型H1N1流感疑似病例,经国家CDC和卫生部专家组认定为我国内地首例甲型H1N1流感确诊病例.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例诊断处置流程分析

Objective The patient started from St. Louis (U. S.), and reached Chengdu (China) after 3 days of flight(St. Louis- Tokyo- Beijing - Chengdu). The patient felt unwell, so he and the two relatives took a taxi to the Emergency Center of Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital for treatment. The epidemiological survey showed that, the patient had been living in the University of Missouri in the United States, no pigs died locally, there were no markets for the living pigs, farmers markets, farms, and slaughterhouses, and he hadn't contact with pigs. But 4 days before the onset, he closely contacted with a schoolmate, who had cold symptoms. The pa-tient had never been to virus laboratory 7 days before the onset. Clinical examinations showed that, the patient had a fever (37.8 ～ 38.8℃), WBC 7.9×10-9 L-1, N 5.475 × 10-9 L-1, L 19.5% ;the chest X-ray shewed that texture increased and the heart shadow augmented on both lungs; the result of throat swab culture was negative. The result of virus nucleic aeid detected by Sichnan Provincial Center for Disease Control showed H1N1 influenza virus, suspected. Sichuan Province Health organization organized experts on the prevention and control of H1N1 influenza for consultation, and the patient was diagnosed as the first suspected H1N1 influenza case in mainland China based on the epidemiological investigation, symptoms and signs of the patient, the results of laboratory ex-amination, and the result of virus test. Confirmed by the experts from Chinese center for disease control and pre-vention and The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, the patient was diagnosed as the first H1N1 influenza case in mainland China.     

中国内地首例甲型H1N1流感患者115例密切接触者医学观察分析

目的：通过对首例甲型H1N1流感密切接触者临床医学观察发现二代患者,为大规模临床医学观察积累经验和参考。方法：对首例甲型H1N1流感患者密切接触者115例的临床医学观察资料进行回顾性分析。结果：115例密切接触者中,有6人出现不同程度咽充血、咽部疼痛症状,其中1例为糖尿病患者、2例为高血压患者;1例左前臂疱疹,1例口腔溃疡,4例结膜充血;观察第3天1例出现精神抑郁,1例出现情绪激动;观察第4天2例多次要求提前解除隔离,多例关心何时解除隔离。七日医学观察期间115例密切接触者均无咽痛、咳嗽、鼻塞等症状,体温均正常,情绪稳定,未发现二代患者。结论：对甲型H1N1流感患者的密切接触者进行临床医学观察是必要的,有助于发现二代患者,疾控中心（CDC）采样与临床医学观察和心理干预的有效结合,给传染病医学观察提供宝贵的经验和有效的工作模式。     

甲型H1N1流感患者实验室指标变化与临床的关系

目的 分析208例甲型H1N1流感患者实验室检测指标,探讨其变化特点对甲型H1N1流感诊断及评估病情发展变化的价值。 方法 在病程中进行血常规、肝、肾功能指标、T淋巴细胞亚群以及其他感染性实验室指标的检测。对检验结果进行回顾性总结和统计学分析。 结果 入院初期绝大多数患者红细胞、血小板计数在正常范围内;43.3%患者白细胞总数下降,有36.1%患者中性粒细胞和16.8%患者淋巴细胞数降低;入院初期绝大多数患者肝、肾功能生化指标正常,部分患者存在电解质紊乱;CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞数下降比较显著,特别是重症患者,并在入院数天后降至极低值,又随病情好转而回升正常。 结论 CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞及血常规检查的淋巴细胞计数,是甲型H1N1流感患者早期鉴别诊断以及病情严重程度的重要指标,动态观察其变化对患者的病情发展、疗效观察及预后判断等方面有重要的指导价值。     

儿童甲型H1N1流行性感冒四例的护理体会

甲型H1N1流行性感冒（简称流感）是一种传染性很强的呼吸系统疾病,在全球范围内广泛传播,世界各国都对其高度重视。人群对甲型H1N1流感病毒普遍易感,发病以青壮年居多,儿童是甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的高危人群之一。我院于2009年7月收住4例儿童甲型H1N1流感,经过精心治疗和护理,患儿均康复出院,现将护理体会介绍如下。     

重症甲型H1N1流感合并两肺弥漫性肺炎的抢救体会

目的：分析22例重症甲型H1N1流感合并两肺弥漫性肺炎患者的临床资料,总结临床抢救体会。方法：回顾分析收治的22例重症甲型H1N1合并两肺弥漫性肺炎患者的临床资料进行。结果：22例患者年龄39.9±12.7岁,临床症状以发热、咳嗽、胸痛、呼吸困难及低氧血症为主要特征,部分患者出现消化道症状、休克;外周血白细胞计数较正常值偏低,X线胸片或胸部CT提示双侧广泛性或多肺叶性的弥漫性病变;22例患者均给予抗病毒治疗（奥司他韦75mg或150mg,每日2次口服）,全部患者均应用激素治疗,甲基强的松龙80~240mg.d-1,平均治疗剂量为136.4±58.8mg.d-1,14例患者采用无创机械通气治疗,2例患者经气管插管行机械通气治疗,2例患者死亡。结论：重症甲型H1N1流感合并两肺弥漫性肺炎患者临床症状进展快、病情重,需尽早应用抗病毒药物、合理地应用全身性糖皮质激素等治疗,同时予积极合理地氧疗,机械通气能增强氧疗的效果、迅速改善病情、改善预后。     

危重型甲型H1N1流感患儿二例的护理

目的探讨危重型H1N1甲型流感患儿的护理措施。方法对2例危重型甲型H1N1流感患儿实行全方位护理,特别是加强消毒隔离及医护人员的自我防护、呼吸功能障碍的护理和监护、药物使用和循环功能的监护等。结果 2例患儿的住院时间分别为14d和18d,均痊愈出院。结论危重型甲型H1N1流感患儿病情发展迅速,易发生并发症,全方位、高质量的护理措施对患儿的成功救治和防止疾病传播具有重要意义。     

甲型h1n1肺炎的ct影像特征

目的:探讨甲型H1N1肺炎CT表现,提高对该病的认识.材料与方法:回顾性分析25例经临床、实验室证实的甲型H1N1肺炎胸部CT表现.25例中男10例,女15例.年龄11～ 33岁,平均25.5岁.白血球计数2.1 × 10^9/L ～ 11.9 × 10^9/L,中性粒细胞百分数27.1％ ～93.1％,淋巴细胞百分数3.6％～57.4％.结果:25例中累及5个肺叶11例(占44.0％),累及4个肺叶6例(占24.0％),累及3个肺叶5例(占20.0％),累及2个肺叶3例(占12.0％).磨玻璃样影8例(占32.0％),表现为小片状及云雾样淡薄影,边缘模糊;实变影10例(占40.0％),表现为团片状、斑片状及棉球样影,密度较高;磨玻璃影合并实变影7例(占28.0％),表现为云雾样淡薄影与棉球样实变影同时存在.25例中实变影中可见支气管充气征8例(占32.0％);病灶内合并网格样改变7例(占28.0％);合并小结节影5例(占20.0％);合并两侧胸腔少量积液2例(占8.0％).结论:甲H1N1肺炎病变以多发,分布范围广,病灶变化快,CT表现具有一定特征.     

甲型H1N1型流感儿童患者62例的护理

甲型H1N1型流感是由变异后的新型甲型H1N1流感病毒所引起的急性呼吸道传染病,主要通过飞沫、气溶胶、直接接触或间接接触传播,临床表现为流感样症状,少数病例病情重,进展迅速,可出现病毒性肺炎、脑炎,合并呼吸衰竭、多器官功能损伤,严重者可以导致死亡。2009年7月3Et至10月8日,我院先后收治甲型H1N1流感儿童患者共计62例。针对此类特殊小患者我们进行了行之有效的护理,使患儿很快适应了医院环境,能够主动配合治疗和护理,并全部康复出院。现将护理体会报道如下。     

妊娠期妇女甲型H1N1流感52例临床观察

目的探讨妊娠期甲型H1N1流感的临床特点。方法对乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院2009年11月2010年1月收治的妊娠期甲型H1N1流感临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果同期住院非甲流孕产妇1856例,确诊甲型H1N1流感52例,发病率2.7%。妊娠期甲型H1N1流感的发热时限及不同孕期与病程时限均无相关关系。使用磷酸奥司他韦（达菲）治疗23例,较未使用此药物患者病程显著缩短[（4.79±2.04）d比（7.26±3.77）d,P〈0.05]。合并肺炎6例,病程较无合并症患者显著延长[（9.83±4.70）d比（5.37±2.54）d,P〈0.05]。结论妊娠期甲型H1N1流感应予以高度重视,在早预防、早诊断及早治疗的基础上,提早预防合并症的发生。明确诊断后及早使用磷酸奥司他韦可缩短疗程。     

重症与危重甲型H1N1流感40例临床分析

目的 探讨重症与危重H1N1流感患者的临床特点以及救治经验.方法 回顾分析2009年8月至2010年2月本院传染科救治的40例重症与危重甲型H1N1患者的临床资料,对其发病特点、治疗方法及转归等资料进行分析.结果 患者年龄7～48岁,平均(17.9±2.1)岁,40例甲型H1N1患者合并有基础疾病者8例(26.7%),...