腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在诊断冠心病中的应用

目的:探讨腺苷负荷心肌核素显像对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:94例拟诊冠心病患者均行冠状动脉造影,腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注显像、静息心肌显像检查,比较腺苷负荷心肌核素显像与冠状动脉造影结果。结果:冠状动脉造影检查阳性62例中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性50例。32例冠状动脉造影示无明显狭窄者中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阴性24例。腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性分别为80.6%和75.0%。2,3支病变血管腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性率高于单支血管病变(P<0.05)。结论:腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心病敏感性、特异性较高。     

腺苷超声与核素心肌显像推测心绞痛相关狭窄血管的比较

目的 比较腺苷超声心动图与腺苷核素心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病及推测稳定型心绞痛患者相关狭窄血管的价值。方法 51例临床诊断为稳定型心绞痛的住院患者同期进行腺苷超声心动图与腺苷核素心肌灌注显像检查,超声心动图示室壁运动障碍,心肌显像检测核素分布稀疏或缺损,并在2周内行冠状动脉造影对照。结果 51例患者接受冠状动脉造影,诊断冠心病42例,9例排除冠心病,诊断狭窄血管74支。超声心动图阳性者33例,心肌显像阳性者39例。超声心动图诊断狭窄血管敏感性62%,特异性86%,准确性75%。核素心肌显像诊断狭窄血管敏感性80%,特异性89%,准确性84%。二者诊断符合率84%。结论 研究结果显示,与腺苷超声心动图诊断稳定型心绞痛患者狭窄血管相比较,腺苷心肌灌注显像具有更高的敏感性,尤其识别多支病变及中重度狭窄血管更敏感。     

腺苷试验201Tl心肌灌注显像不良反应及对冠心病诊断价值的初步临床研究

目的:评价腺苷试验²⁰¹Tl心肌灌注显像的不良反应及对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:21例临床疑诊冠心病患者,按恒定速度静脉注射腺苷(0.14mg/min·kg)。在开始注射腺苷后第3分钟末静脉注射²⁰¹Tl 1.295×10⁸Bq,至开始注射腺苷后第6分钟末停止腺苷注入。休息2分钟后采集负荷相;2~4小时后采集再分布影像。所有患者同期(2周内)均行冠状动脉造影术。结果:腺苷试验²⁰¹Tl心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性预测率、阴性预测率、准确性分别为92.86%,57.14%,81.25%,80.0%,80.95%。对单支、双支、三支冠脉病变患者的诊断阳性率分别为83.33%,100%,100%,总体诊断阳性率为92.86%。结论:腺苷试验²⁰¹Tl心肌灌注显像不良反应轻微,是一种安全可靠、有效的冠心病诊断方法,具有较高的敏感性和准确性。     

不同腺苷输注时间的负荷99Tc-MIBI心肌灌注显像对冠心病心肌缺血评价的比较

目的评价4min腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像对冠心病心肌缺血的临床应用价值,并与传统6min负荷试验进行了对比研究。方法将研究对象按性别、年龄、冠心病的严重程度(依据冠状动脉造影结果)及合并症等进行配对,分为4min腺苷负荷组(4min组)和6min腺苷负荷组(6min组),每组32例。两组病例均经肘静脉用注射泵持续注入腺苷,剂量为0.14mg.kg-1.min-1,用药时间为4min和6min,于注射腺苷3min末,分别从肘静脉注入99Tcm-MIBI740MBq。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在注射显像剂后1.5h进行,隔日进行静息心肌灌注显像。结果①4min组和6min组腺苷负荷心肌显像对冠心病心肌缺血的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为89%、80%、88%和92%、83%、91%,两组比较P均>0.05。②4min组和6min组不良反应总的发生率分别为78%和88%,两率及组间各不良反应发生率比较差异无显著性。结论4min腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病心肌缺血有较高的诊断价值,可达到6min腺苷负荷试验的诊断效能;且因用药时间短,患者易耐受。     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT诊断冠心病对比分析

目的探讨腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT比较对冠心病的诊断价值。方法以冠状动脉造影作为冠心病诊断的金标准,对患者同时进行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像,64排螺旋CT与冠状动脉造影检查。结果腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT比较对冠心病的诊断差异无统计学意义。结论腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT作为冠心病诊断的无创方法,结果可靠,应予推广。     

腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在诊断冠心病中的应用

目的:探讨腺苷负荷心肌核素显像对冠心痛的诊断价值.方法:94例拟诊冠心痛患者均行冠状动脉造影,腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注显像、静息心肌显像检查,比较腺苷负荷心肌核素显像与冠状动脉造影结果.结果:冠状动脉造影检查阳性62例中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性50例.32例冠状动脉造影示无明显狭窄者中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阴性24例.腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性分别为80.6%和75.O%.2,3支病变血管腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性率高于单支血管病变(P<0.05).结论:腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心痛敏感性、特异性较高.     

腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在冠心病诊断与介入治疗中的作用

目的探讨腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在冠心病诊断及介入治疗中的作用。方法冠心病的可疑患者,行腺苷负荷心肌核素显像,部分患者进行冠脉造影和介入治疗,介入治疗前后进行腺苷负荷心肌核素显像检查对比。腺苷负荷心肌核素显像采用单光子发射断层显像图像采集系统,腺苷总量为840μg/kg静脉泵入,3 min后静脉推注99mTc-MBI925 MBq,90 min后进行心肌断层显像,如果发现心肌显像异常,次日再行静息心肌显像。结果134例冠心病患者,年龄21~85(63.3±14.8)岁,男90例,女44例,进行腺苷负荷心肌核素显像,109例提示有心肌缺血现象,25例正常,诊断阳性率达81.3%。12例患者经过冠状动脉造影,有冠脉狭窄的患者行PCI,前后复查腺苷心肌核素显像,介入后心肌核素血流灌注较介入前明显改善(P<0.01)。结论腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在冠心病的诊断中起着重要的作用,其敏感性与特异性较高,同时在冠心病介入治疗前后疗效评价方面有一定的临床意义。     

心肌灌注显像在女性冠心病诊断中价值

目的评价心肌灌注显像对女性冠心病患者的诊断价值。方法 344例有胸痛、胸闷症状女性患者,行静息+药物负荷心肌灌注显像检测,并与冠状动脉造影结果进行对比分析。结果冠状动脉狭窄178例患者中心肌灌注显示异常者130例;冠状动脉造影无异常或不规则166例中心肌灌注显像异常50例,无异常116例;以冠状动脉造影结果为标准,心肌灌注显像对女性冠心病诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为73.0%,69.9%,72.2%,70.7%。结论心肌灌注显像对女性冠心病患者的诊断及是否进一步行冠状动脉造影的筛选有一定价值。     

门控心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的临床价值

目的:探讨腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI门控心肌灌注显像(G-MPI)后室壁运动和增厚率异常对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:对91例确诊或临床疑诊为冠心病患者行静息-腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI G-MPI和非门控心肌灌注显像(MPI),两周内行冠状动脉造影(CAG),对其结果进行对比分析。结果:MPI诊断冠心病的灵敏度为85.3%,特异性为73.9%,G-MPI诊断冠心病灵敏度为92.6%,特异性为87.0%,结合腺苷负荷后局部室壁运动和增厚率评分可提高G-MPI诊断冠心病的灵敏度和特异性。结论:静息-腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI G-MPI对冠心病的诊断有较高的灵敏度和特异性。     

核素心肌灌注显像腺苷负荷试验检查的观察与护理

核素心肌灌注显像可以无创地评估心肌血流灌注和心脏功能,在冠心病的诊断、危险分层、治疗决策及血管重建术后疗效判断等方面具有重要价值.而腺苷负荷试验核素心肌显像比其他负荷显像具有更高敏感性、特异性和准确性[1].现将襄樊市中心医院该检查的护理配合予以介绍,旨在进一步完善其在临床上的规范应用.     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值

【目的】评价腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值及腺苷负荷试验的安全性。【方法】收集2011年2月至2013年2月在本院疑诊冠心病患者75例,均行腺苷负荷^99m Tc-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）心肌灌注断层显像,腺苷按体重0．14 mg/（kg ·min）通过输液泵静脉双通路给药,并对心肌灌注断层显像图作定性分析,所有患者1～3 d后行冠状动脉造影检查。【结果】75例患者中冠脉造影正常32例;1支以上狭窄≥50％者43例,其中单支病变14例,双支病变16例,三支病变13例;共检出病变血管85支,累及左前降支（L AD ）38支,左回旋支（LCX）28支,右冠状动脉（RCA）21支,左主干（LM）2支。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度为88．3％（38/43）,特异性为87．5％（28/32）,准确性为88．0％（66/75）,阳性预测值为90．5％（38/42）,阴性预测值为84．8％（28/33）。对病变冠脉诊断灵敏度为75．9％（63/83）,特异性93．7％（133/142）,准确性87．1％（196/225）,阳性预测值为94．0％（63/67）,阴性预测值为84．2％（133/158）。对单支、双支、3支血管病变诊断的灵敏度分别为50％（7/14）、62．5％（10/16）和92．3％（12/13）。对各病变血管检测灵敏度为：LAD 86．1％（31/36）,LCX 55．6％（15/27）,RC A 85％（17/20）。腺苷不良反应总发生率为80％（60/75）。【结论】腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病敏感性及特异性均较高,并且不良反应轻微,是协助诊断冠心病安全有效的方法。     

Adenosine stress first pass perfusion for the detection of coronary artery disease in patients with aortic stenosis: a feasibility study

Purpose: Detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using adenosine stress first pass perfusion in patients with aortic stenosis in comparison with invasive angiography. Twenty-three consecutive patients (15 male, mean age 68 ± 12 years) with relevant aortic stenosis (aortic valve area 0.90 ± 0.41 cm2) were examined by MRI (1.5 T, Philips Intera CV™). Contrast-enhanced first pass perfusion was performed with adenosine stress (140 μg/kg/min) and under rest conditions. The results were compared with invasive coronary angiography with regard to the presence of a relevant coronary artery stenosis (>70%). Three of 23 patients (13%) had contraindications for adenosine administration (one patient with atrioventricular block, two patients with mild claustrophobia). In the remaining 20 patients, adenosine stress perfusion could be performed without any complications. CAD was correctly detected in eight patients and correctly ruled out in 10 of 12 patients. False-positive results were seen in two patients with severe myocardial hypertrophy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 100%, 80%, 83%, and 100%, respectively. Adenosine stress perfusion can be performed without complications even in patients with high grade aortic stenosis. MRI is helpful to detect and rule out significant CAD in these patients. Severe myocardial hypertrophy may lead to false-positive results. Our initial results indicate that due to a high negative predictive value pre-operative invasive coronary angiography might probably be waived in patients without perfusion defects in stress MRI.     

Added value of CT myocardial perfusion imaging

Multidetector CT angiography (MDCTA) has become an accurate, noninvasive test for the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis. Studies have established a good sensitivity and an excellent negative predictive value for the diagnosis of coronary stenoses of 50% or greater severity. However, MDCTA is more limited in patients with disease with a lower specificity and positive predictive value for predicting atherosclerosis causing myocardial ischemia. Although radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has been the mainstay for evaluating the presence of myocardial ischemia and scar in patients at risk for coronary artery disease, contrast-enhanced multidetector CT (MDCT) alone, with or without vasodilator stress, has the potential to provide both anatomical and functional information on coronary atherosclerosis and its impact on myocardial perfusion. We review the current status of MDCT MPI, including its advantages, limitations, and pitfalls.     

Head-to-head comparison of first-pass MR perfusion imaging during adenosine and high-dose dobutamine/atropine stress

To directly compare the stressor capabilities of adenosine and high-dose dobutamine/atropine using first pass myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging. Fourty-one patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) perfusion imaging at 1.5 Tesla on two consecutive days prior to invasive coronary angiography. On day 1 a standard CMR perfusion protocol during adenosine stress was carried out (adenosine infusion with 140 μg/kg/min, 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA). On day 2, the identical CMR perfusion sequence was repeated during a standard high-dose dobutamine/atropine stress protocol at rest and during target heart rate (85% of maximum age-predicted heart rate). Stress-inducible perfusion deficits were evaluated visually regarding presence and transmural extent. Quantitative coronary angiography served as the reference standard with significant stenosis defined as ≥50% luminal diameter reduction. Twenty-five patients (61%) had significant coronary stenoses. Adenosine and dobutamine stress CMR perfusion imaging resulted in an equally high sensitivity and specificity for the stenosis detection on a per patient basis (92 and 75% for both stressors, respectively). Agreement of both stressors with regard to the presence or absence of stress-inducible perfusion deficits was nearly perfect using patient- and segment based analysis (kappa 1.0 and 0.92, respectively). Adenosine and dobutamine/atropine stress CMR perfusion imaging are equally capable to identify stress inducible deficits and resulted in an almost identical extent of ischemic reactions. Though adenosine stress CMR perfusion imaging is widely employed, dobutamine stress CMR perfusion represents a valid alternative and may be particularly useful in patients with contraindications to vasodilator testing.     

Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (SPECT) during adenosine stress can be performed safely early on after thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with Tc-99 m sestamibi during adenosine stress in patients with recent thrombolytically treated myocardial infarction. Eighty-four patients with thrombolytically treated myocardial infarction, 59 males and 25 females, aged 62·9 ± 8·4, were eligible for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy during adenosine provocation. Exclusion criteria for adenosine stress were hypotension, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac failure, pericarditis and atrioventricular block (AV block) II–III. Adenosine-stress and resting myocardial perfusion scintigraphy was performed 2–5 days after thrombolysis. Scintigraphy at rest was done 24 h after the stress study. Sixty patients (71%) experienced some kind of side-effects during adenosine infusion. The most frequent side-effects were dyspnoea in 43/84 patients (51%) and unspecific chest discomfort in 26/84 patients (31%). During infusion, ST depressions or elevations on ECG were seen in 9 patients (11%), 5 of whom experienced atypical chest discomfort. Five patients (6%) described typical angina but none of them showed electrographic signs of myocardial ischaemia during infusion. Six patients (7%) developed transient AV block I–II. Reversible scintigraphic perfusion defects were seen in 67 patients (79%). No serious complications, such as death, reinfarction or severe arrhythmias, occurred during adenosine infusion or during a 3-day clinical follow-up period. In conclusion, MIBI-SPECT during adenosine stress is a safe diagnostic method that can be performed in most patients early on after thrombolytically treated acute myocardial infarction. Side-effects are common but benign, and not different from those seen in patients with chronic coronary artery disease.     

新型心肌灌注显像剂^99mTc—tetrofosmin诊断冠心病的价值

目的：探讨新型心肌灌注显像剂^99mTc-tetrofosmin诊断冠心病的临床价值。材料与方法：对59例确诊或疑诊并已行冠状动脉造影的患者进行运动。静息心肌灌注断层显像,分别在运动高峰及静息状态静脉注射^99mTc-tetrofosmin740MBq后30－60min按常规方法做SPECT断层采集。结果：在注射^99mTc-tetrofosmin的后无任何不适反应,并获得良好心肌断层图像,以冠状动脉造影结果为金标准,^99mTc-tetrofosmin诊断冠心病的灵敏度、特异性及准确度分别为89．1％,84．6％及88．1％。结论：^99mTc-tetrofosmin具有标记简便,给药后无需脂餐促排、显像时间短、图像质量清晰及诊断准确度较高等特点,有着良好的临床应用前景。     

腺苷超声心动图负荷试验诊断冠心病的应用价值

目的：评价腺苷超声心动图负荷试验诊断冠心病的敏感性、特异性和安全性。方法：.60例临床拟诊冠心病（CAD）的患者,分别静脉注射腺苷造成心肌缺血,注射剂量为140μg/kg/min,用药时间6分钟（总剂量0.8mg/kg）。注射过程中观察和记录室壁运动变化,患者症状、血压和心率。左室16节段中出现室壁运动异常（WMA）为阳性。心电图阳性标准是ST段下降0.1mV。试验后一周内行冠脉造影,以三条主要血管至少有一支或主要初发支管径狭窄≥50％为阳性。以冠脉造影为金标准,计算腺苷负荷试验敏感性和特异性等。结果：26例确诊为CAD的患者中腺苷负荷试验阳性24例,腺苷负荷心电图阳性11例。另外34例冠脉造影正常的患者中有6例为腺苷负荷试验阳性。冠脉造影见病变血管45支,正常135支,腺苷负荷试验阳性血管34支（其中28支与冠造相符合）,阴笥146支。腺苷超声心动图诊断CAD的敏感性为92. 3%,trf naj ntg o 82.3％及准确度为86.7％。腺苷负荷试验判断血管病变的敏感性为62.2％,特异性94.8％,阳性预测值80.0％,阴性预测值88.3％和准确度为86.7%;诊断AD单支、双支和三支病变的敏感性分别为83.3％,100％和100％。不良反应发生率为73.3%,但症状轻微,患者均能耐受,无严重不良反应发生。结论：腺苷超声心动图负荷试验诊断CAD安全可靠。     

心肌灌注SPECT显像采用X线CT衰减校正的临床应用

目的：评价SPECT/CT复合成像装置采用CT X线对心肌灌注显像衰减校正的临床应用价值。方法：受检者65例，35例经临床病史、心电图、超声心动图等检查排除冠心病患者；30例临床诊断明确的冠心病患者。均行99mTc-甲氧基异丁基异晴（99mTc-MIBI）常规心肌断层显像及X线衰减校正显像，并与冠状动脉造影结果进行对比分析。结果：①非冠心病组和冠心病组下壁和后壁放射性摄取率由未采用X线CT衰减校正方法的（77.0±4.77）%和（76.0±5.7）%、（31±4.3）％和（35±5.5）％增至采用X线衰减校正方法的（85.0±4.5）%和（83.0±5.2）%、（38±5.1）％和（42±5.5）%，两组校正后均P＜0.001。②35例非冠心病患者经目测定性分析，衰减校正后，原下后壁放射性减低明显改善者82.8%，中度改善14.3%；30例冠心病患者经X线衰减校正后有改善者73.7%。③非冠心病35例和30例冠心病患者与冠状动脉造影结果对比，经X线衰减较正后心肌灌注显像符合率分别提高了8.6%和15.4%。结论：SPECT/CT复合显像装置对心肌灌注显像行X线衰减校正技术，方法简便，可以使大多数由于γ射线在组织中的衰减造成的放射性计数减低得到校正，尤其对左室下后壁的衰减校正更明显。经衰减校正后提高了心肌灌注图像质量，在临床诊断中减少了假阳性的发生，使诊断符合率提高。