Lack of an association between 5‐HT1A receptor gene structural polymorphisms and suicide victims

A serotonergic dysfunction in the brain has been reported to be involved in suicidal behavior independently of the presence of a specific psychiatric disorder. Serotonin 1A (5‐HT_1A) receptors are known to be located on serotonergic nerve terminals and to be involved in the presynaptic regulation of serotonin release. Genetic factors partly explain the risks for suicide, and a suicide completion group is thought to be more uniform than a suicide attempt group. To explore the hypothesis that the 5‐HT_1A receptor‐induced serotonergic dysfunction is implicated genetically in suicide, we focused on the structural polymorphisms, Pro16Leu and Gly272Asp, of the 5‐HT_1A receptor gene, and examined the association between suicide victims who completed suicide and these two polymorphisms. In both polymorphisms, we found no significant difference in genotype distribution or allele frequencies between suicide victims and controls. These findings suggest that neither of these two polymorphisms is associated with suicide victims and it is unlikely that the 5‐HT_1A receptor gene is implicated in the susceptibility to suicide. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

自杀未遂与5-羟色胺2A受体基因的关联分析

目的 探讨5-羟色胺（5-HT）2A受体基因A-1438G和T102C两种多态性与自杀未遂之间的关系。方法 以149例自杀未遂者为研究对象。190名正常人为对照,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)方法,分析5-HT2A受体基因A-1438G和T102C多态性。结果 PCR-RFLP分析发现,男性自杀未遂与5-HT2A受体基因A-1438G多态性的基因型GG关联。结论 5-HT2A受体基因A-1438G多态性可能与男性的自杀易感性相关。     

Association analysis of the 5-HT6 receptor polymorphism (C267T) in mood disorders

The serotonergic system is implicated in the etiology of mood disorders. Among those most recently discovered serotonin receptors, the relative abundance of serotonin type 6 receptor (5-HT₆) in the limbic area and the high affinity of some antidepressants to 5-HT₆ receptors suggest that this receptor might be involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. In a population-based association study, we tested the hypothesis that the allelic variant (C267T) of the human 5-HT₆ gene confers susceptibility to mood disorders. We genotyped the 5-HT₆ receptor in 139 patients with mood disorders and 147 controls. The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies between controls and all patients, or between controls and patients with bipolar disorders or major depression, separately. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 88:601–602, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

早老素-1基因启动子区-48C/T位点多态性与LOAD的遗传相关性

目的研究早老素-1基因启动子区-48C/T位点的多态性与迟发性AD(LOAD)的相关性.方法用常规方法从人外周血白细胞中抽提基因组DNA,PCR扩增出包含-48C/T多态性位点的基因片段,利用PCR-RFLP技术对-48C/T多态性位点进行基因分型,χ2检验分析-48C/T多态性位点基因型分布和等位基因频率.结果以33例AD病例和32例对照样品的外周血白细胞基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增出了长度为344bp的包含-48C/T多态性位点的基因片段.基因分型结果表明,33例散发型AD的C和T等位基因频率分别为47%和53%,C/T和T/T基因型频率分别为94%和6%.而32例正常对照的C和T等位基因频率分别为48%和52%,C/T和T/T基因型频率分别为97%和3%.χ2检验结果显示,病例-对照样品间C和T等位基因频率及C/C、C/T和T/T基因型的分布均无显著性差异(χ2值分别为0.443和0.318,P>0.05).结论在我们研究的群体中,早老素-1基因启动子区-48C/T位点的多态性与LOAD无显著的遗传相关性.     

间隙性连接蛋白37基因1019C/T多态性与经皮冠状动脉介入术后支架内再狭窄的相关性研究

目的 评估无锡地区人群间隙性连接蛋白37(Connexin 37,CX37)基因1019C/T多态性与经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后支架内再狭窄的相关性.方法 532例PCI术后在我院复查冠脉造影的冠心病患者,按造影结果分为支架内再狭窄组(67例)和无支架内再狭窄组(465例),501名健康人群作为正常对照组,均采用基因测序技术对CX37基因1019C/T多态性位点基因型进行检测,比较3组人群中基因型及等位基因分布差异.结果 (1)在冠心病组与正常对照组比较中,C等位基因及C等位基因携带者(CC+TC)基因型频率冠心病组明显高于正常对照组(C等位基因:57.05％ vs.41.32％,P＜0.01;C等位基因携带者:79.32％ vs.65.47％,P＜0.01);与TT纯合子相比,(CC+TC)基因型冠心病患病风险显著增加(OR=2.03,95％ CI∶1.53～2.80).对性别进行亚组分析显示,无论男性还是女性人群中冠心病组C等位基因携带者频率均显著高于正常对照组(男性:79.63％ vs.72.45％,P=0.02;女性:78.00％ vs.51.50％,P＜0.01),C等位基因携带者冠心病患病风险明显高于TT型(男性:OR=1.48,95％CI:1.06～2.09;女性:OR=3.34,95％CI∶1.90～5.86).(2)与无支架内再狭窄组相比,支架内再狭窄组C等位基因频率及C等位基因携带者分布频率均显著升高(C等位基因频率:72.39％ vs.54.84％,P＜0.01;CC+TC型:89.55％ vs.77.85％,P=0.027).与TT纯合子相比,C等位基因携带者支架内再狭窄患病风险升高2.44倍(95％ CI∶1.08～5.50).性别亚组分析表明,男性人群中支架内再狭窄组C等位基因携带者频率高于无支架内再狭窄组(92.86％ vs.77.66％,P=0.008),C等位基因携带者发生支架内再狭窄的风险是TT型的3.74倍(95％ CI∶1.32～10.64),而在女性人群中两组间(CC+TC)基因型分布频率无统计学意义(P=0.655).结论 CX37 C等位基因不仅与冠心病的发生发展有关联,而且与男性PCI术后支架内再狭窄的发生发展相关.     

The 5‐HT2A receptor gene 102T/C polymorphism is associated with suicidal behavior in depressed patients

Several lines of evidence suggest that genetic factors constitute an important determinant of suicidal behavior. A significant association between the 5‐HT_2A‐C allele and suicidality has recently been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the proposed association between 5‐HT_2A‐102T/C polymorphism and suicidality could be replicated in a larger and independent sample of Spanish patients with major depression. The 102T/C polymorphism of the 5‐HT_2A receptor gene was analyzed in 159 patients with major depression (DSM‐IV criteria) and 164 unrelated and healthy controls using a case control design. All individuals were subjects of Spanish origin. Significant differences in allele (chi‐square = 4.13, df = 1, P = 0.04) and genotype (chi‐square = 6.19, df = 2, P = 0.04) distributions were found between non–suicide attempters and suicide attempters. Moreover, those patients carrying 5‐HT_2A‐C allele had more than five times the risk for attempting suicide than noncarriers (OR = 5.50, 95% CI = 1.18–35.20, P = 0.01). Our results replicate the proposed association between 5HT_2A‐C allele and suicidality in major depression. Moreover, no overall associations are detected when patients with major depression and controls are compared for 102T/C frequencies, suggesting that the increased risk for suicidality conferred by 5‐HT_2A‐C allele is primarily associated with suicidal behavior and not with the diagnosis of major depression itself. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

C1824T mutation in the LMNA gene has no association with senile cataract

Mutations in the LMNA gene encoding lamins A/C are responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (HGS), a disorder of premature aging. Cataract is 1 of the main manifestations. The most prevalent mutation in Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome is C1824T, which activates a cryptic splice donor site to produce an abnormal lamin A protein. The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible association of the C1824T mutation with age-related cataract. Anterior lens capsule material was collected during cataract extraction surgery from 178 patients with senile cataract during 2007-2008. DNA and mRNA were extracted and sequenced for the LMNA gene. DNA and cDNA were screened for the C1824T mutation, which was not detected. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was normal, with no truncation. We found that human age-related nuclear cataract is not associated with LMNA gene mutations or truncation of lamin A.     

Lack of association of serotonin‐2A receptor gene polymorphism (T102C) with suicidal ideation and suicide

Serotonergic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of affective disorders and suicidality. Especially the density of the 5‐HT2A receptor was claimed as being increased in suicidality, proposed as an adaptive upregulation due to reduced serotonergic transmission. Recent studies have shown an association of allele C of the 5‐HT2A‐T102C polymorphism with suicidal ideation in patients with major depression. The purpose of this study was to test whether this proposed marker indicates susceptibility not only to suicidal ideation in depressed patients but also to suicidality as a syndrome. We investigated the 5‐HT2A‐T102C polymorphism in 131 suicide victims with unknown underlying psychiatric diagnoses, 84 patients with major depression with or without suicidal ideation, and 125 healthy controls. We were unable to find any association of genotype or allele frequencies to major depression, suicidal ideation, or suicide as a syndrome. Thus, our results suggest that this polymorphism may not commonly be involved in the susceptibility to suicidality. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:831–835, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

CK5/6在乳腺浸润性小叶癌中的表达及意义

目的 研究CK5/6在乳腺浸润性小叶癌(invasive lobular carcinoma,ILC)中的表达及其意义.方法 用免疫组化MaxVision方法检测61例ILC组织中CK5/6、ER、PR、Her-2及Ki-67等的表达情况.结果 61例ILC中,6例表达CK5/6,其中弥漫阳性3例,灶状阳性3例;组织学类型为混合型、多形型或实性型,核级为2～3级;5例核分裂小于5个/10 HPF,1例约20个/10 HPF;其中2例表达ER和PR,4例不表达;6例Her-2均阴性;3例Ki-67增殖指数大于60%.结论 ILC中有少数表达CK5/6,倾向于高核级、ER、PR、Her-2表达阴性;可能存在基底细胞样亚型小叶癌.     

肾癌荷瘤小鼠组织中补体 C5a / C5aR 通路活化与肿瘤高凝状态 的关系及其机制研究

目的 研究肾癌荷瘤小鼠组织中补体 C5a / C5aR 通路活化与肿瘤高凝状态的关系及其机制。 方法 收集 2016 年 7 月至 2019 年 10 月于唐山市人民医院收治的 32 例经病理学活检确诊的肾癌患者的癌组织和 癌旁组织。 采用 Western 印迹法检测组织中 C5a / C5aR 通路活化相关蛋白表达情况。 于 BALB/ c-nu / nu 裸鼠 前肢腋窝皮下接种人 ACHN 肾癌细胞株, 接种成功后随机分为干预组、 模型组, 其中干预组尾静脉注射 C5a 联合 C5aR 阻断剂 (C5aR antagonist, C5aRA), 模型组等体积注射生理盐水, 另取 6 只空白小鼠作为对 照组。 观察小鼠肿瘤生长情况, 检测高凝状态相关指标水平。 脱颈处死小鼠, 收集癌组织, 采用 Western 印迹法检测组织中 C5a / C5aR 通路活化相关蛋白表达情况。 结果 两组小鼠肿瘤体积于荷瘤 6 ~ 21 d 差异具 有统计学意义, 且干预组的肿瘤体积明显低于模型组 ( P< 0. 05)。 3 组小鼠于荷瘤第 1 天的血清 D-D、 vWF、 TF 水平差异无统计学意义, 荷瘤第 14 天、 第 21 天干预组、 模型组血清凝血指标水平明显增加, 其 中干预组均明显低于模型组 (P< 0. 05)。 干预组癌组织中 C5aR、 C5b-9、 FGL2、 P38、 p-P38 的表达水平均 明显低于模型组 (P< 0. 05)。 肾癌患者癌组织中 C5aR、 C5b-9、 FGL2、 P38、 p-P38 的表达水平均明显高于 癌旁组织 (P< 0. 05)。 32 例肾癌患者中高凝状态患者 14 例, 非高凝状态患者 18 例, 高凝状态组癌组织中 C5aR、 C5b-9、 FGL2、 P38、 p-P38 的表达水平均明显高于非高凝状态组 (P< 0. 05)。 结论 补体 C5a / C5aR 通路可通过调控 FGL2 的表达而诱导肾癌的高凝状态, 进而参与肾癌的发病过程。     

Investigation on the association between inerleukin-10 -592C/A, 819C/T and -1082A/G gene polymorphisms and development of diabetic nephrophathy

We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between interleukin (IL)-10-592C/A, -819C/T and -1082A/G polymorphisms and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy. A hospital-based case-control study was taken in our study. A total of 172 patients with proven type 2 diabetes mellitus and 344 controls were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between March 2012 and October 2014. Genotyping of IL-10 -592C/A, -819C/T and -1082A/G polymorphisms was done by done by PCR-RFLP methods. By the χ² test, the distributions of the GG, GA and AA genotypes in IL-10 -1082A/G were significantly different between patients with diabetic nephropathy and control subjects (χ² = 8.09, P = 0.02). By conditional logistic regression analysis, we found that the AA genotype of IL-10 -1082A/G was associated with an elevated risk of diabetic nephropathy compared to the GG genotype in codominant model, and the adjusted OR (95% CI) was 2.38 (1.23-4.57). In dominant model, the GA+AA genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetic nephropathy compared to the GG genotype in dominant model (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.05-2.16). In recessive model, the AA genotype could influence the susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy when compared with the GG+GA in recessive model (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.12-3.85). In conclusion, we suggested that IL-10 -1082A/G gene polymorphism was correlated with development of diabetic nephropathy, but no association was observed between IL-10 -819T/C and -592A/C and risk of diabetic nephropathy.     

Hunger and satiety in genetically obese mice (C57BL/6J-ob/ob)

To determine the mechanism for hyperphagia in genetically obese mice (C57BL/6J-ob/ob), several experiments were conducted on the ability of these mice to respond to caloric deficits and surpluses. Presentation of food or sugar reduces subsequent operant licking in both obese and lean mice. When given sugar solutions, evaporated milk, or sweetened non-fat milk, both obese and lean mice reduce food intake to compensate for the calories obtained from the solutions. These findings indicate that genetically obese mice respond normally to caloric surpluses. Obese mice respond to food deprivation (caloric deficit) by increasing subsequent food intake but they do so more slowly than controls.     

汉坦病毒感染C57BL/6小鼠组织中特异性抗原的检测

目的通过检测汉坦病毒感染C57BL/6小鼠组织中特异性病毒抗原,以建立汉坦病毒感染动物的评价体系。方法将汉坦病毒陈株按照原病毒液、10-1、10-2三个滴度经肌肉注射感染C57BL/6小鼠,在感染后的第3、6、9、12、15天,分别取小鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑等组织研磨后制成病毒悬液,以ELISA法检测各组织中的病毒特异性抗原。结果 C57BL/6小鼠感染汉坦病毒后短期内在其肝脏和脾脏可以检测到特异性抗原,随着时间的延长,这些抗原逐步消失。结论上述结果为建立汉坦病毒感染动物的评价体系提供了一种参考。     

Behavioural differences between C57BL/6 and 129S6/SvEv strains are reinforced by environmental enrichment

Housing in enriched environment has been advocated as a means for controlled variation of environmental conditions in transgenic studies to explore interactions between genes and surroundings. In the present study, behavioural phenotypes of C57Bl/6 (B6) and 129S6/SvEv (129) mice, housed in either standard laboratory conditions or environmentally enriched conditions, were explored. Housing in enriched conditions increased exploratory activity in the plus-maze and reduced habituation in the locomotor activity test in B6 mice, whereas in 129 mice increased hot plate latencies and reduced aggression were observed. Compared to B6, 129 strain displayed lower exploratory activity in the plus-maze and locomotor activity test, longer hot plate latencies, spent more time immobile in the forced swim test and engaged more in social interaction. These behavioural differences between the two strains were reproducible independent of pre-experimental housing conditions. Moreover, environmental enrichment accentuated dissimilarities between the strains in the plus-maze, locomotor activity, hot plate and forced swim test. By contrast, strain differences in anxiety-like behaviours in the plus-maze test and in aggressive encounters in the resident-intruder test were not reproducible in mice housed in alternative environmental conditions, suggesting a strong contribution of environmental factors to the development of these phenotypes. It is concluded that the application of environmental enrichment in addition to standard housing conditions is a meaningful approach for testing reproducibility of behavioural findings within one laboratory.     

Regulation of caloric intake in yellow mice (C57BL/6J-Ay/alpha).

The ability of yellow and normal black mice to reduce food intake when given surplus calories was studied to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for hyperphagia in yellow mice. When given sugar solutions to drink, immature (6–7 weeks old) yellow mice increased total caloric intake more than did lean control mice. Older (11–14 weeks) yellow mice were similar to control mice. The oldest yellow mice tested (25–33 weeks) increased total caloric intake less than lean control mice, when given sugar solutions. In contrast, yellow mice of all ages increased total caloric intake more than lean mice when given corn oil. Yellow mice had similar or lower preference for sugar and oil calories than did black mice.     

亲代MTHFR基因677C/T多态性与子代非综合征性唇腭裂的相关性

目的 探讨山东地区亲代亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶( methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR)基因677C/T多态性与子代发生非综合征性唇腭裂(nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate,NSCL/P)的关联.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析技术(polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)对2006年8月至2008年8月在齐鲁医院治疗的89对NSCL/P患者亲代和64对健康查体儿童亲代的MTHFR基因677C/T多态性进行检测.结果 患者母亲与正常儿童母亲的T等位基因频率分别为65.73％和46.09％,C等位基因频率分别为34.27％和53.91％,其构成比差异有统计学意义(x2=13.663,P＜0.01);携带T等位基因的母亲子代患NSCL/P的风险为未携带T等位基因的母亲子代的2.243倍(95％CI:1.408～3.572).患者的父亲与正常儿童父亲的T等位基因频率分别为62.92％和55.47％ ;C等位基因频率分别为37.08％和44.53％,其构成比差异无统计学意义(x2 =2.222,P＞0.05);病例组和对照组后代可能为纯合突变胎儿的机率分别为43％和29％(P＞0.05).结论 山东地区母亲的MTHFR基因677C/T突变对后代NSCL/P的发生有重要的影响;父亲的MTHFR基因677C/T突变则可能不是子代患NSCL/P的风险因素.     

The high prevalence of the poor and ultrarapid metabolite alleles of CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 in Taiwanese population

Genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes, such as cytochromes P450 (CYPs), play major roles in the variations of drug responsiveness in human. The aim of this study is to identify the high prevalence (minor allele frequencies >1%) of the abnormal metabolite alleles of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 in the Taiwanese population. The genotyping of the functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYPs were conducted by direct exon sequencing in 180 Taiwanese volunteers. Twenty-one unique SNPs including three newly identified SNPs were detected in the Taiwanese population. Six of the 21 SNPs in five genes showed frequencies more than 1%. The results indicated that it could be very useful and important in developing an inexpensive, convenient, and precise genotyping method for the high prevalence of CYPs metabolizing abnormal alleles in the Taiwanese population.     

汉族人群脂联素基因-11377C/G多态性与子痫前期的相关性研究

目的探讨福建莆田地区汉族人群脂联素基因（APN）单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和子痫前期（pre-eclampsi-a）及其血脂水平的关联性。方法研究对象516例,包括对照组260例,子痫前期病例组256例。采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）法鉴定APN基因启动子-11377C/G单核苷酸多态性并测定血脂水平。结果 APN基因启动子-11377C/G位点G等位基因频率和GG＋CG基因型频率在子痫前期病例组明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。子痫前期病例组内GG＋CG基因型患者血清甘油三酯（TG）、血浆总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）值均高于CC基因型（P〈0.05）。结论 APN基因启动子-11377C/G位点GG＋CG基因型与子痫前期及其血浆TG、TC和LDL水平升高关联,C-G多态性提高了子痫前期合并血脂代谢紊乱的风险性。