Cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic responses to inversion and inversion with sit-ups

Eighteen men were studied during 15 minutes of inversion to determine the effects of 4 sit-ups per minute for 5 minutes on the cardiorespiratory system. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ventilation, oxygen uptake, and METS increased significantly from preinversion/standing (A) to inversion (B). Arterial blood pressure increased from 122/81 mmHg to 142/99 mmHg during the first 5 minutes of inversion. Oxygen uptake increased from 341 ml.min-1 to 456 ml.min-1. Heart rate decreased significantly from (A) to (B). Double product, frequency of breaths, and tidal volume were not significantly changed from (A) to (B). Blood pressure, double product, ventilation, frequency of breaths, oxygen uptake, and METS increased significantly from the first 5 minutes of inversion (B) to the second 5 minutes of inversion with sit-ups (C). Arterial blood pressure increased from 142/99 mmHg (B) to 163/104 mmHg (C). The diastolic value remained significantly increased following the muscle strengthening exercise. Double product increased from 104 (B) to 126 (C), and oxygen uptake increased from 456 ml.min-1 (B) to 565 ml.min-1 (C). Following inversion/sit-ups (C), oxygen uptake decreased significantly during the third 5 minutes of inversion (D). Systolic blood pressure was also significantly decreased at (D) following the sit-ups. Upon returning to the standing position (E) versus the third 5 minutes of inversion (D), arterial blood pressure decreased significantly from 151/108 mmHg (D) to 123/84 mmHg (E). The postinversion/standing (E) blood pressure was nonsignificantly different from the preinversion/standing (A) blood pressure as was also the case with heart rate, double product, and tidal volume. Ventilation, frequency of breaths, oxygen uptake, and METS were still significantly increased during (E) versus (A). These data illustrate the influence of muscular exercise on the cardiorespiratory system during full -90 degree inversion. The increase in blood pressure is no cause for concern, and the assumed dangerous effects of full inversion have been overestimated.     

APMP comparison of measurement of surface emission rate of 36Cl large area source (APMP.RI(II)-K2.Cl-36)

An international comparison of measurement of beta particle surface emission rate from a (36)Cl large area source (APMP.RI(II)-S1.Cl-36) was carried out within the framework of the Asia-Pacific Metrology Program (APMP). Participants from APMP were NMIJ (Japan), KRISS (Korea) and INER (Chinese Taipei). Participants from the other RMOs were NIST (United States), PTB (Germany), NMISA (South Africa) and VNIIM (Russia). All the results of the participants agreed within ±1%. This was the first international comparison of measurement of surface emission rate of beta particle from a large area source.     

Geographic variation in the number of authors on scientific abstracts.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there was statistically significant geographic variation in the number of authors on abstracts of the 1999 Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Scientific Assembly. METHODS: Information on type of presentation, number of authors listed in each presentation and country of origin was obtained for 2450 abstracts from the 1999 RSNA Scientific Assembly (1292 for scientific sessions, 1158 for scientific exhibitions). RESULTS: In scientific sessions, there were significantly more multiauthor (> 6 authors) presentations from Japan (32%, p < 0.001) and Germany (19%, p = 0.004) than there were from North America (United States and Canada) (11%). There were also significantly more multiauthor scientific exhibitions from Japan (29%, p < 0.001) than from North America (9%). Overall, the percentages of multiauthor presentations from Japan (30%, p < 0.001) and Germany (18%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher than those from North America (10%). CONCLUSION: There seems to be significant geographic variation in the number of authors credited on scientific presentations.     

Changes of bone turnover markers after marathon running over 245 km

We evaluated bone turn over markers, cortisol and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in male athletes after 245 km of marathon running. Sixteen athletes were studied five days before, immediately after, and 1, 3, and 5 days after the run. We used T-test and Pearson correlation for statistical analysis. Osteocalcin levels were significantly decreased from 4.6 microg/lit to 3.8 microg/lit (p < 0.05). Activity of b-ALP was significantly decreased from 66 U/lit to 61.5 U/lit (p < 0.05). PICP levels were also significantly decreased from 168 microg/lit to 153 microg/lit (p < 0.05). Hydroxyproline levels decreased after the run from 70 mmol/min to 65 mmol/min (p < 0.05). ICTP levels increased after the run but without being statistically significant, from 6.62 microg/lit to 7.0 microg/lit. Urine calcium decreased significantly by 68 %, immediately after the run. Cortisol increased from 212 ng/ml to 455 ng/ml, and PTH levels increased from 12 pg/lit to 16 pg/lit immediately after the race (p < 0.05). Cortisol levels were significantly negatively correlated with osteocalcin (r = - 0.61, p < 0.05) and b-ALP (r = - 0.98, p < 0.05). PTH levels were significantly negatively correlated only with serum osteocalcin (r = - 0.8, p < 0.05). These findings suggest a transient suppression in osteoblast function during the marathon run probably due to cortisol and PTH levels elevation.     

Compound spatial sonography of the thyroid gland: evaluation of freedom from artifacts and of nodule conspicuity

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare compound spatial sonography with conventional sonography of the thyroid gland with respect to freedom from sonographic artifacts and conspicuity of thyroid nodules. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was performed on 50 thyroid nodules (in 43 patients). Each nodule was examined using compound spatial sonography and conventional sonography. The sonographic techniques were then compared with respect to freedom from sonographic artifacts and thyroid nodule conspicuity. RESULTS: For freedom from artifacts, compound spatial sonography was superior in 45 cases (90%), and conventional sonography was superior in five cases (10%). Statistical analysis showed that compound spatial sonography was superior to conventional sonography for freedom from artifacts (p < 0.001). For thyroid nodule conspicuity, compound spatial sonography was superior in 37 cases (74%), and conventional sonography was superior in 13 cases (26%). Statistical analysis showed that compound spatial sonography was superior to conventional sonography for thyroid nodule conspicuity (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Compound spatial sonography of the thyroid displays greater freedom from artifacts and better nodule conspicuity than does conventional sonography.     

CT-guided aspiration core needle biopsy of gastrointestinal wall lesions

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to examine the accuracy and safety of CT-guided core biopsy of gastrointestinal wall lesions. METHOD: We reviewed over 1,200 CT-guided abdominal core biopsy results from 1989 through 1998. Forty-five were from gastrointestinal wall lesions (16 gastric, 3 duodenal, 7 small intestine, and 19 colon). RESULTS: A definitive histologic diagnosis was obtained from the core biopsy in 41 patients (91%) without complication. The gastric lesion diagnoses were mesenchymal tumor of smooth muscle origin (eight), lymphoma (one), adenocarcinoma (three), and normal (one). Duodenal core biopsy diagnoses were inflammation (one) and normal (one). Small intestinal core biopsy diagnoses were non-Hodgkin lymphoma (four), metastatic leiomyosarcoma (one), carcinoma (one), and tuberculosis (one). Colon core biopsy diagnoses were carcinoma (11), lymphoma (2), actinomycosis (2), granulomatous inflammation (1), metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (1), chronic abscess (1), and mesenchymal tumor of smooth muscle origin (1). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous CT-guided core needle biopsy from gastrointestinal wall lesions is safe and accurate, especially in submucosal lesions, and should be considered in selected cases with negative endoscopic biopsy or in which endoscopic biopsy is not possible.     

The accuracy of the ACSM stair-stepping equation

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the ACSM equation used to estimate the oxygen cost of stepping exercise. The equation appears as: VO2 (mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) = 0.2 (steps.min(-1)) + (step height, m x steps.min(-1) x 2.4) + 3.5. METHODS: Subjects were 55 men and women between the ages of 19 and 35 yr. Steady-state VO2 was measured at six different combinations of step heights and step rates. Step heights were 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 m (4, 8, and 12 in, respectively) and step rates were 20 and 25 steps.min(-1). Predicted VO2 for each workload was derived from the ACSM equation. RESULTS: Mean differences between actual and predicted VO2 values ranged from -0.2 to -1.1 mL.kg(-1).min(-1) and was -0.6 mL.kg(-1).min(-1) for all workloads combined. All differences except the lowest were significant (P < or = 0.05). Total errors ranged from 1.3 to 2.5 mL.kg(-1).min(-1) and was 1.9 mL.kg(-1).min(-1) for all workloads combined. For all workloads combined, the correlation between actual and predicted VO2 was r = 0.95 with a SEE = 1.7 mL.kg(-1).min(-1). The statistics are comparable to other ACSM prediction equations. CONCLUSION: Although all of the mean differences except one were statistically significant, they were judged negligible from a practical standpoint. Therefore, it was concluded that the ACSM equation is an accurate predictor of the oxygen cost of stair-stepping exercise.     

Serial assessment of left ventricular performance at rest and during bicycle exercise by ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT

The present study evaluates left ventricular performance during exercise by ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with short-time data collection. METHODS: The study population consisted of 10 healthy volunteers (Group N) and 9 patients with ischemic heart disease (Group I). Seven patients in Group I had a history of prior myocardial infarction. Rest ECG-gated SPECT was performed 40 min after an injection of Tc-99m-tetrofosmin (555-740 MBq). After resting data acquisition, Group N underwent up to two 5-min stages of exercise (75 and 125 watts) on a detachable bicycle ergometer. The Group I patients all underwent symptom-limited, maximal testing on the ergometer. ECG-gated SPECT data were acquired from both groups for 3 min at rest and during the last 3 min of each exercise stage. RESULTS: Significant increases occurred in LVEF from rest to peak stress in both groups (from 55.4 +/- 5.8 to 66.6 +/- 4.1% in group N, p < 0.0001; from 49.0 +/- 12.8 to 56.7 +/- 13.8% in Group I, p < 0.001). The LVESV values significantly decreased to peak stress in Group N (from 49.9 +/- 13.1 to 37.8 +/- 10.0 ml, p < 0.0001), whereas LVEDV did not change (from 110.6 +/- 18.9 to 112.0 +/- 19.0 ml). In contrast, the LVESV values at rest and under peak stress were similar in Group I (from 52.6 +/- 23.9 to 51.7 +/- 31.4 ml) and LVEDV in Group I at peak exercise tended to increase (from 102.8 +/- 36.7 to 111.3 +/- 39.0 ml). The changes in LVESV from rest to peak stress were significantly different between Groups N and I (-12.1 +/- 6.3 vs. -0.9 +/- 11.6 ml, p < 0.02). CONCLUSION: ECG-gated SPECT with short-time data collection can assess left ventricular function during exercise and may offer useful information for evaluating patients with ischemic heart disease.     

Comparative study of white cell count and differential leukocyte count in school children at Dead Sea level and at Amman

White cell and differential counts were studied in school children living at Amman (group A), Dead Sea natives (group B), and residents of the Dead Sea area who originated from different areas (group C). A total of 159 subjects from group A, 146 from group B, and 38 from group C, were studied. Significant leukopenia was observed in group B, as compared with groups A and C (p less than 0.005). This was due to selective neutropenia in group B (p less than 0.005). Careful analysis revealed that this difference was genetic and not environmental. Living at 390 m below sea level does not affect the white cell or the differential count.     

Comparison of maximal oxygen uptakes from the tethered, the 183- and 457-meter unimpeded supramaximal freestyle swims

Nineteen high school swimmers (13 male and 6 female) were subjects in an investigation that compared three methods for determining maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Oxygen uptakes were measured during a maximal tethered swim (T), and immediately following 200-yd (183 m) and 500-yd (457 m) unimpeded supramaximal swims from a single 20-s expired gas sample. Oxygen uptakes from the 183-m and 457-m swims correlated highly with those of the T swim (r = 0.94). In addition, VO2s from the 183-m swims were very similar to the VO2s of the 457-m swims (r = 0.96). Mean (+/- SE) VO2max from the T, the 183-m, and the 457-m swims, respectively, were 3.13 (+/- 0.19), 3.20 (+/- 0.19), and 3.20 (+/- 0.17) l/min. There were no significant differences among the three means (p greater than 0.05). This study demonstrates that a single 20-s recovery gas sample from unimpeded supramaximal freestyle swims is an accurate method to determine swimming VO2max.     

Trends in utilization: has extremity MR imaging replaced diagnostic arthroscopy?

Objective To examine the relative change in utilization of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the extremities versus diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy.Design and patients Using the 1993, 1996, and 1999 nationwide Medicare Part B databases, utilization rates (per 100,000) were determined for upper and lower extremity MR imaging, diagnostic arthroscopy and therapeutic arthroscopy using CPT-4 codes. Utilization of extremity MR imaging was compared with that of diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy in 10 geographic regions of the United States and tracked over time.Results Combined lower and upper extremity MR imaging utilization per 100,000 increased from 393 to 1,056 in 1999 (+168.7%). Utilization of diagnostic arthroscopy of the extremities decreased from 18 in 1993 to 8 in 1999 (–55.6%); therapeutic arthroscopy rates increased from 461 in 1993 to 636 in 1999 (+40.0%). Specifically, from 1993 to 1999, utilization of lower extremity MR imaging increased from 270 to 661 (+144.8%). Utilization of diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee over the same time period decreased from 11 to 5 (–54.5%); therapeutic arthroscopy increased from 394 to 501 (+27.2%). Similarly, utilization rates for upper extremity MR imaging increased from 123 to 395 (+221.1%). Utilization of diagnostic arthroscopy of the shoulder over the same time period decreased from 7 to 2 (–71.4%); therapeutic arthroscopy increased from 44 to 104 (+136.4%). No specific geographic trends were ascertained.Conclusion The utilization of MR imaging of the extremities has markedly increased from 1993 to 1999. During the same time period the utilization of diagnostic arthroscopy has decreased and that of therapeutic arthroscopy has increased. These findings support the hypothesis that there is increased reliance of clinical practitioners on the diagnostic information provided by MR imaging in preoperative clinical decision-making.     

The effect of interobserver variability on transrectal ultrasonography-based postimplant dosimetry

PURPOSE: To investigate interobserver variability in contouring the prostate on postimplant transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) images and its effect on dosimetric parameters that quantify implant quality. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty preplanned peripherally loaded prostate implants were performed using 125I seeds and spacers linked together in linear arrays that maintain precise seed spacing and prevent seeds from rotating about their longitudinal axis. A set of two-dimensional transverse images spaced at 0.50-cm intervals was obtained with a high-resolution TRUS probe at the conclusion of the procedure with the patient still under anesthesia. A high percentage of the seeds (> 85%) were localized based on their visible echoes. The remaining seeds were identified based on the known locations of the "missing" seeds in the arrays. Two experienced ultrasonographers and a prostate brachytherapist independently contoured the prostate on the postimplant TRUS images. The prostate volumes defined by each observer were used to calculate the minimal dose received by 90% of the prostate volume (D90) and the percentage of the prostate volume receiving 100% of the prescribed minimal peripheral dose (V100). The observers also contoured the prostate on six preimplant TRUS studies to compare the variability in defining the prostate on pre- and postimplant TRUS images. RESULTS: The mean postimplant prostate volumes ranged from 20.8 to 66.9 cm3 (median: 45.7 cm3). The standard deviations (SDs), which reflect the variation in the volumes of the three observers, ranged from 1.4% to 26.1% of the mean (median: 11%). Multiple pairwise comparisons showed that the prostate volumes delineated by observer 3 differed significantly from those of observers 1 and 2 (p < 0.003). The volumes of observers 1 and 2 were not significantly different (p > 0.5). The mean values of D90 ranged from 124.2 to 171.1 Gy (median: 154.7 Gy) having SDs that ranged from 0.6% to 24.4% of the mean D90 (median: 7.8%). The mean values of V100 ranged from 82.3% to 95.1% (median: 92.8%) having SDs that ranged from 0.4% to 11.2% of the mean V100 (median: 4.0%). The values of both D90 and V100 calculated from the volumes of observer 3 were significantly (p < 0.003) different from those of observers 1 and 2, which did not differ significantly (p > 0.5). There was less interobserver variability in contouring the preimplant TRUS volumes. The mean volumes ranged from 20.3 to 54.3 cm3 having SDs that ranged from 1.9% to 14.1% (median: 8.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Significant interobserver differences in delineating the prostate volume on postimplant TRUS images were observed; however, these differences were less than generally reported for postimplant CT images. The interobserver differences in contouring the prostate in both TRUS and CT images produced significant differences in the dosimetric parameters, D90 and V100.     

Hybrid术式治疗多节段颈椎病的短中期临床疗效研究

目的 评估颈椎Hybrid手术治疗多节段颈椎病的短中期临床疗效.方法 收集2012年6月至2014年4月武警总医院脊柱外科应用Hybrid手术治疗多节段颈椎病患者49例,其中男26例,女23例,平均年龄53.4(43～62)岁.49例患者中神经根型颈椎病5例、脊髓型颈椎病10例、混合型颈椎病34例;双节段10例、三节段39例.通过颈部疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分和颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)及日本骨科协会评估治疗分数(JOA)评估术后疗效,同时随访颈椎动力位X线片评估全颈椎节段手术前后的活动度(ROM).结果 术后随访24～46个月,平均(42.6±2.2)个月.术前、术后3个月和末次随访的颈痛VAS评分分别为(6.9±1.4)、(2.5±0.9)和(0.7±0.6)分(P<0.05);颈椎NDI分别为(24.6±8.6)、(17.8±6.1)和(13.8±4.2)分(P<0.05);颈痛JOA分别为 (11.9±2.8)、(12.6±1.5)和(14.8±1.4)分(P<0.05);颈椎ROM分别为 (44.2±8.1)、(34.1±6.8)和(30.4±9.5)°(P<0.05).结论 Hybrid术式治疗多节段颈椎病的临床疗效满意,能保留置入节段一定的活动度,可作为多节段颈椎病治疗方法之一.     

Three-dimensional J-resolved H-1 magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of volunteers and patients with brain tumors at 3T.

A method that combines two-dimensional (2D) J-resolved spectroscopy with three spatial dimension magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is introduced to measure J-coupled metabolites of glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), myo-Inositol (mI), and lactate (Lac) in the brain and to simultaneously obtain T(2) values of choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA). Relatively few points in the t(1) dimension (six echo times) and a flyback echo-planar trajectory were incorporated in the acquisition to speed up the total acquisition time so that it was within a clinically feasible range (23 min). Data obtained using GAMMA software simulations and from phantoms have shown that the (4)CH(2) resonances of Glu can be separated from Gln at 2.35 ppm in TE-averaged spectra. Results from phantoms, six normal volunteers, and four patients demonstrated good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The J cross-peaks from the methyl group of Lac were visualized in the 2D spectra from the phantom and the glioma patient, and could be quantified from the spectra at J = +/-4.17 Hz. This technique also enables the evaluation of the changes in metabolite T(2). Compared with the values in normal white matter, the T(2) values of Cho and Cr were statistically significantly increased in regions of glioma.     

Searching for ski-lift injury: An uphill struggle?

Injuries arising from ski-lift malfunction are rare. Most arise from skier error when embarking or disembarking, or from improper lift operation. A search of the literature failed to uncover any studies focusing specifically on ski-lift injuries. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterise ski-lift injury resulting in hospitalisation and comment on barriers to reporting and reporting omissions. New Zealand hospitalised injury discharges 2000–2005 formed the primary dataset. To aid case identification these data were linked to ACC compensated claims for the same period and the data searched for all hospitalised cases of injury arising from ski-lifts. 44 cases were identified representing 2% of snow-skiing/snowboarding cases. 28 cases (64%) were male and 16 (36%) female, the average age was 32 yrs (range 5–73 yrs). The majority of cases were snow-skiers (35 cases, 80%). Most of the injuries were serious, or potentially so, with 1 case of traumatic pneumothorax, one of pulmonary embolism (after jumping from a ski-lift) and 28 cases sustaining fractures (six to the neck-of-femur, one to the lumbar spine and one to the pubis). ICISS scores for all cases ranged from 1.00 to 0.8182 (probability of dying in hospital 0–18.18%). Only 14 (32%) cases could be easily identified from ICD-10-AM e-codes and activity codes in the discharge summary. The ICD-10-AM external cause code for ski-lift injury V98 (“other specified transport accidents”) was only assigned to 39% of cases. The type of ski-lift could only be determined in 24 cases (55%).     

Impact of computer-aided detection in a regional screening mammography program

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to prospectively assess the effect of computer-aided detection (CAD) on screening outcomes in a regional mammography program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2000, 27,274 consecutive screenings were performed. Radiologists' performance before CAD (n = 7,872) and with CAD (n = 19,402) was determined by annual audits. All positive biopsy results were reviewed; histopathology was reviewed and confirmed. Outcomes (recall, biopsy, and cancer detection rates) with CAD (1999, 2000) were compared with historical control data (1998). RESULTS: With CAD, increases were seen in recall rate (8.1%, from 7.7% to 8.3%), biopsy rate (6.7%, from 1.4% to 1.5%), and cancer detection rate (16.1%, from 3.7 per 1,000 to 4.3 per 1,000). Detection rate of invasive cancers of 1.0 cm or less increased 164% (from 0.508 to 1.34 per 1,000 screens; p = 0.069). Detection rate of in situ cancers declined 6.7% (from 1.27 to 1.19 per 1,000; p = 0.849). In multivariable analysis of invasive cancers, early stage (stage I) was strongly associated with detection by CAD (odds ratio = 4.13, p = 0.025). Mean age at screening detection of cancer was 5.3 years younger in the CAD group than in the pre-CAD group (p = 0.060). CONCLUSION: Increased detection rate, younger age at diagnosis, and significantly earlier stage of invasive cancer detection are consistent with a positive screening impact of CAD. Audit results were positive but generally not statistically significant due to sample size limitations. Our findings support the hypothesis that screening with CAD significantly improves detection of the specific cancer morphologies that CAD algorithms were designed to detect.     

Three-dimensional microstructural analysis of human lumbar vertebrae using microcomputed tomography in bone metastasis from prostate cancer

Prostate cancer frequently metastasizes to bone, inducing osteosclerotic lesions. However, the morphological details of bone metastasis of prostate cancer have not been clarified. The trabecular bone structure of bone metastasis from prostate cancer was investigated in three dimensions using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). A total of 17 cubes of the lumbar spine of a 77-year-old man with prostate cancer were excised post mortem: four of them from non-metastatic and the rest from metastatic sites. The samples were measured using micro-CT with a resolution of 23.2 microns and the standard structural indices and degree of anisotropy were computed. After micro-CT measurement, the samples were tested in a destructive manner for the assessment of mechanical properties. Samples from the metastatic sites showed significantly higher values than those from non-metastatic sites for bone volume (BV), bone surface (BS), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular number (Tb.N) (p < 0.005). Bone surface density (BS/BV) and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) were significantly higher in the samples from non-metastatic sites (p < 0.001). Samples from metastatic sites showed a more isotropic arrangement of trabecular bone than those from non-metastatic sites. Three-dimensionally reconstructed images depicted several different patterns of sclerotic bone metastasis, and osteolytic appearance was observed in all of them. Structural parameters such as BV/TV were well correlated with the mechanical properties (r = 0.899). The present study clarified the trabecular microstructure of bone metastasis from prostate cancer and suggests that both osteolysis and osteogenesis progress while interacting with each other in all phases of bone metastasis.     

武警官兵健康状况调查分析与评估

  目的 了解武警部队官兵的健康状况,为有针对性地开展健康教育提供理论依据。方法 分别选取南方、北方地区武警某部官兵255名和138名,共393名。采用自测健康评定量表,了解官兵的生理健康、社会健康及精神健康状况。结果 不同地区、不同年龄及不同入伍时间的武警官兵自测健康情况存在统计学差异(P＜0.05)。南方地区组的总体健康评分(360.01±52.16)高于北方地区评分(335.35±46.56),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);18~25岁年龄组的总体健康评分(356.05±51.16)高于26~34岁年龄组评分(334.07±49.68),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);入伍时间在2001—2011年的健康评分(337.66±44.13)高于入伍时间在2012—2017年组的评分(357.15±53.43),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 武警官兵的总体健康良好,但不同地区、不同年龄及不同入伍时间的武警官兵健康状况不同。     

经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术的临床应用

目的:观察经皮球囊成形术治疗肺动脉瓣狭窄的疗效和安全性。方法:男性4例,女性2例,年龄8～19岁,平均11.7岁,均行经皮肺动脉瓣球囊成形术治疗。结果:肺动脉至右心室平均收缩压差由术前9.1kPa降至术后3.6kPa。结论:经皮肺动脉瓣球囊成形术是治疗肺动脉瓣狭窄的首选方法。     

The effects of microwave frequency electromagnetic fields on the development of Drosophila melanogaster

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the development of Drosophila melanogaster. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Larvae of D. melanogaster were exposed to 10 GHz EMF continuously (3 h, 4 h and 5 h) and discontinuously (3 h exposure + 30 min interval + 3 h exposure). The percentages and times of transition from larvae to pupae and from pupae to adults were determined, and the mean offspring number was examined using the offspring of the females which had been exposed as larvae. RESULTS: No differences were found in the transition percentages from larvae to pupae and from pupae to adults (p > 0.05). However, it was found that the mean pupation time was delayed linearly with an increasing electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure period (p < 0.05). In the 3 + 3-h exposed group (E3 + 3), the mean offspring number was significantly less than that of the control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 10 GHz EMF can cause developmental delay and decrease the number of offspring in D. melanogaster.