预防老年患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的皮肤管理策略

目的探讨皮肤管理策略用于预防PICC老年患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤(MARSI)的效果。方法选取2018年3～7月于PICC门诊进行换药的PICC老年患者350例为对照组,按照常规维护。另选取2018年8～12月于PICC门诊进行换药的老年患者400例为观察组,在常规维护基础上,运用皮肤管理策略预防MARSI发生。比较两组MARSI发生率。结果观察组MARSI发生率为4.50%,显著低于对照组9.71%(P0.01)。结论根据PICC老年患者MARSI发生原因,制定皮肤管理策略应用于PICC换药,能降低PICC老年患者MARSI发生率。     

围术期患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的预防干预

目的 探讨医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤预防性护理流程在围术期患儿的应用效果.方法 将278例围术期患儿按照入院时间顺序分为对照组132例和观察组146例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组建立并运用医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤预防性护理流程.结果 两组皮炎型医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 医用粘胶...     

新生儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤预防管理方案的制订及应用

目的 降低新生儿重症监护室(NICU)新生儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤。方法 采取类实验研究设计，将2019年4～11月入住我院NICU的612例新生儿设为对照组，按照常规实施皮肤护理；将2020年11月至2021年6月的594例新生儿设为观察组，在对照组基础上实施皮肤损伤预防管理方案，比较两组医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。结果 观察组患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 NICU新生儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤预防管理方案能有效降低新生儿皮肤损伤发生率。     

NICU患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤最佳循证实践方案的应用

目的 探讨最佳循证实践方案在降低NICU患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤中的应用效果.方法 将308例使用医用粘胶的患儿按时间分为对照组与观察组各154例.对照组实施常规护理,观察组构建"降低NICU患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤最佳循证实践方案"并实施.比较两组患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率、移除粘胶产品后疼痛评分,循证实践前后医护人员的认知、行为改变.结果 观察组患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率及粘胶产品移除后疼痛评分显著低于对照组(均P＜0.01).方案实施后医生、护士对相关知识及行为评分显著高于实施前(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 最佳循证实践方案的应用,可降低NICU患儿医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的发生率.     

婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤 防护方案的构建与应用

目的 降低视频脑电图监测婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤。方法 采用历史对照设计,将2018年1月至2019年12月入住癫痫监测单元行头皮视频脑电图监测的患儿856例纳入对照组,实施常规皮肤护理;将2021年1月至2022年12月入住癫痫监测单元行头皮视频脑电图监测的患儿851例纳入观察组,构建和实施医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤防护方案。比较两组头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。结果 观察组头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤防护方案的应用,可有效降低婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。     

PICC置入部位医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的研究进展

PICC置入部位的医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤与PICC置入部位的选择、消毒剂种类及使用方法、导管固定装置种类及更换时间有关。管理措施包括科学合理地粘贴敷贴、使用皮肤保护剂和粘胶去除剂、早期识别有皮肤撕裂危险的高危人群、做好受损皮肤的管理。提出深入探究PICC置管部位医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的发生机制,全面考虑皮肤损伤发生的风险因素,建立系统的皮肤管理程序,在发生损伤后给予针对性的治疗以保护导管功能,才能够更好地保证患者用管安全和生活质量。     

医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤现况调查

目的了解医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生及处理现状,为预防和治疗医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤提供参考。方法采用自行设计的调查表对河南省12所三级医院65个应用粘胶产品科室进行调查,并统计其住院患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生情况(共观察1 166例,每例观察7d或至出院及转诊)。结果医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率为3.9%~4.9%,发生原因主要为张力性粘贴(41.3%)、出汗(41.2%)、未塑形(8.2%)、快速大角度撕除(8.0%)、消毒剂未干粘贴(1.3%)。结论医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤较普遍,护理人员在粘胶选择及应用方法上存在不足,处理措施也不甚规范,应制定和完善医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的预防及处理措施。     

老年患者医用粘胶剂相关性皮肤损伤预防及管理的循证实践

目的 将老年患者医用粘胶剂相关性皮肤损伤预防及管理的最佳证据应用于临床实践,通过质量审查促进护理质量改进。方法 采取前瞻性对照设计,总结老年患者医用粘胶剂皮肤损伤的最佳证据,基于证据制定10条审查指标。于2018年7~11月在试点病房实施循证护理实践,通过基线审查(基线审查组119例),分析临床情景障碍因素,构建循证变革方案,并将方案应用于132例老年患者（证据应用组）。结果 最佳证据应用后进行第2轮审查,老年患者医用粘胶剂相关性皮肤损伤发生率由10.08%降至0.76%,患者皮肤瘙痒发生率、揭除敷贴后疼痛发生率由19.33%、39.50%降至2.27%、3.79%,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。护士对最佳证据的执行率及相关知识知晓率均大幅提高。结论 老年患者医用粘胶剂相关性皮肤损伤预防及管理的最佳证据应用于临床,可规范护士应用医用粘胶剂的操作手法,降低患者皮肤损伤发生率,促进患者舒适。     

Seldinger穿刺法用于老年肿瘤患者PICC置管

目的 探讨Seldinger穿刺法应用于老年肿瘤患者PICC置管的效果.方法 将66例需要置管化疗的老年患者随机分为观察组和对照组各33例,对照组采用常规PICC置管法,观察组采用Seldinger穿刺法置管.结果 两组一次穿刺、一次置管成功率以及穿刺点出血发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 Seldinger穿刺法可显著提高老年肿瘤患者PICC穿刺及置管成功率,减少穿刺点出血,保证置管效果.     

冰袋联合皮肤防护剂局部应用预防放射性皮肤损伤

目的 探讨冰袋联合皮肤防护剂局部应用对放射性皮肤损伤的预防作用.方法 选择31例双侧面颈部均需接受放射治疗的头颈部肿瘤患者为研究对象,采用自身对照方法将左侧面分为对照组,右侧面为观察组.对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上局部应用冰袋和皮肤防护剂,比较两组皮肤的变化.结果 两组放射性皮肤损伤程度及色素沉着、干性皮炎发生率比较,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论 冰袋联合皮肤防护剂局部应用对预防放射性皮肤损伤有较好的疗效.     

杭州健康女性定量骨超声测定原发性骨质疏松

目的 评价杭州健康女性骨超声速度(SOS)值随增龄减少和骨质疏松患病率，建立杭州地区女性骨超声速度值参考数据库。方法 定量超声法测定1208例杭州地区健康女性桡骨远端(RAD)，第3指骨近节(PLX)，第V跖骨(MTR)和胫骨中段(TIB)的超声速度值。结果 RAD、PLX、MTR和TIBSOS峰值(Peak of SOS)均出现在40-45岁，TJB的SOS峰值出现在35—40岁，此后随年龄增长而下降。绝经后妇女在绝经后早期和晚期各有1个SOS快速减少期，前见于桡骨近端，平均年减少率为2．4％，后见于胫骨中段，平均年减少率为1．8％。各部位骨SOS累积减少率随年龄增长而增加，到85岁4部位累积减少为13％-18％。60岁以后骨质疏松性症(OP)检出率为45％-70％，OP检出率以桡骨远端最高，60-70岁平均为67％，第3指骨近端次之约50％，胫骨中段最低为36％；75岁以后分别为70％，65％和45％。结论 全身各部位骨超声速度值到达峰值的年龄不同，峰值也各有差异。绝经后妇女骨超声速度值随年龄增加减少较快，应予激素和补钙治疗，桡骨远端为本地区SOS检测和OP检出的敏感部位。     

Importance of echocardiography in prognosis of surgical outcomes in cholecystitis in elderly patients

The authors propose to use more often echocardiography (EchoCG) in examination of elderly (over 60 years) of age patients with cholecystitis that permits to increase surgical activity to 92.4%. Left ventricular ejection fraction is the most informative. When this fraction is lower than 45% surgery must be recommended on vital indications only. EchoCG was used in 155 patients with cholecystitis, 131 of them were operated. 2 (1.52%) patients died due to acute cardio-vascular insufficiency and pulmonary artery thromboembolism.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用.方法 健康雄性C3H/He小鼠40只,周龄8～10周,体重18～22 g,随机分为4组(n=10):假手术组(S组)、骨癌痛组(B组)、PBS组(P组)和米诺环素组(M组).S组跟骨骨髓腔内注射PBS 10 μl;余3组跟骨骨髓腔内注射含2×105个骨纤维肉瘤细胞的PBS 10 μl制备骨癌痛模型,于造模前即刻开始PBS组鞘内注射PBS 5μl,M组鞘内注射米诺环素(用PBS溶解为0.2 mmol/L)5μl,1次/d,连续11 d.于造模前1 d、造模后即刻、3、5、7、9、11 d时测定机械痛阈;于造模后3、7、9、11 d机械痛阈测定结束后测定冷痛阈.痛阈测定结束后处死小鼠,取脊髓组织,测定神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和CD11b的表达水平.结果 与S组比较,B组和P组造模后3-11 d时、M组造模后3、5 d时机械痛阈升高,B组、P组和M组造模后7～11 d时冷痛阈升高,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达上调(P<0.05).与B组比较,M组造模后3-11 d时机械痛阈降低,造模后7-11 d时冷痛阈降低,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达下调(P<0.05).结论 脊髓胶质细胞(星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)的激活参与了小鼠骨癌痛的形成.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.