新型冠状病毒肺炎患者集中救治护理应急培训方案构建及实践

目的构建新型冠状病毒肺炎患者集中救治护理应急培训方案并推进实践,为建立健全突发重大公共卫生事件中护理人员培养和使用提供参考。方法基于CIPP模型的背景、输入、过程、产出评估及柯式模型的行为层、结果层评价,构建护理人员"岗前-在岗"两阶段双向式培训方案,对1 318名新型冠状病毒肺炎隔离病区储备及在岗护理人员进行培训。结果 1 318名护理人员均参与隔离病区工作,无护理人员感染新型冠状病毒肺炎。进入隔离病区1周后812名护理人员发回调查问卷,对培训满意731人(90.02%),认为能够胜任隔离病房岗位工作773人(95.20%)。结论在突发重大公共卫生事件中,"岗前-在岗"两阶段双向式应急培训能快速培养胜任新型冠状病毒肺炎救治工作的护理人员,提升培训效果。     

基层医院应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情同质化管理实践

目的 探讨基层医院应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的同质化管理效果。方法 成立环境改造、培训管理、物资保障3个小组,对5所收治新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院实行同质化管理,包括病房改建、流程完善和人员培训与管理。结果 截至2020年3月29日,我市共收治新冠肺炎确诊患者198例,疑似患者295例;实行同质化管理后,5所定点医院医务人员共506人参与一线防疫工作,未发生医务人员感染。结论 同质化管理有利于基层医院积极开展防控工作,保障防控质量,有效应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院护理质量和安全管理

目的总结新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院护理质量与安全管理经验,为应对突发公共卫生事件提供借鉴。方法将肿瘤中心改建为符合收治新型冠状病毒肺炎患者标准的定点医院,设14个病区850张床位;与援鄂医疗队共同成立联合护理部,制定护理工作制度和规范,建立护理安全事件处理流程,构建护理质量评价指标;严格督导与质控。结果累计收治患者1 022例,治愈出院763例;三级护理质量控制检查合格率为100%;隔离病区医护人员零感染。结论构建统一的制度、工作流程及质量与安全管理标准,有利于多团队协作工作及同质化管理,从而提高工作效率和质量,确保患者安全。     

传染病专科医院新型冠状病毒肺炎护理应急管理体系构建与实施

目的构建传染病专科医院应对新型冠状病毒肺炎护理应急管理体系,并分析实施效果。方法在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情暴发期间,迅速构建集管理、培训、调配、救护、感染防控为一体的整体化重大传染病疫情护理应急管理体系,并严格实施。结果从2020年1月21日设置新型冠状病毒肺炎发热门诊和隔离病区,至3月2日发热门诊共接诊发热患者2 330例次;隔离病区收治确诊患者58例,治愈出院56例,转院2例。无医务人员感染。结论护理应急管理体系的建立与有效实施,能够提升传染病专科医院新型冠状病毒肺炎应急救治能力。     

普通病区预防新型冠状病毒医院感染应急护理管理实践

目的探讨普通病区预防新型冠状病毒院内交叉感染的应急护理管理方案。方法在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间对微创妇科病区进行应急管理,包括环境与物资准备,护理人员准备,患者管理,病区入口管理,日常工作管理。结果 2020年1月26日至2月14日,医护人员、护理员、保洁人员掌握新型冠状病毒肺炎知识、手卫生、口罩、帽子的正确使用、标准防护知识;顺利收治7例患者,完成平诊手术2台、急诊手术4台,10例患者好转出院,2月14日住院患者16例。科室未发现新型冠状病毒肺炎疑似病例,无患者及医护感染新冠肺炎,患者及家属情绪稳定,医疗护理工作正常运行。结论微创妇科病区采用的应急护理管理方案具有科学性、实用性,可有效预防新型冠状病毒的院内交叉感染。     

医院感染控制工作在甲型H1N1流感隔离病区的管理措施与体会

目的:探讨甲型H1N1流感隔离病区医院感染控制工作的管理措施.方法:制定甲型H1N1流感医院感染的工作方案,成立甲型H1N1流感病区感染控制领导小组,进行组织培训,落实控制措施.结果:在甲型H1N1流感收治的三个月中,无医院感染发生,环境卫生学监测合格率为100％.结论:面对甲型H1N1流感疫情,做好现有病人的消毒隔离工作,切断传播途径,是预防院内感染发生的重要环节.     

小儿外科病房应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的护理管理

目的探讨小儿外科应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的护理管理方法及效果。方法对小儿外科病区通过病区改造、人力资源管理、工作流程优化与质量控制等措施,实施应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的应急管理。结果全科医务人员新型冠状病毒肺炎相关知识及隔离防护知识考核均达标。新收治2例急诊手术患儿手术顺利,术后1周出院;12例化疗患儿均顺利完成治疗出院;9例重症患儿经积极治疗后病情稳定;11例滞留在院患儿在交通恢复后陆续出院。患儿、陪护人员及医务人员均未发生医院感染。结论科学规范的管控措施,能保证小儿外科疫情期间医疗护理的正常运行,同时保障患儿及陪护人员的安全。     

生活干预对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑抑郁及生活质量的影响

目的探讨生活干预对隔离病区轻型及普通型新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑抑郁及生活质量的影响。方法将175例轻型及普通型新型冠状病毒肺炎患者按病区分为干预组75例和对照组100例。对照组给予常规护理,干预组按照制定的作息时间表给予生活干预。比较两组焦虑抑郁、生活质量评分,住院时间及疾病进展情况。结果出院时及出院后14 d干预组焦虑抑郁评分显著低于对照组,生活质量显著高于对照组,住院时间显著短于对照组(P0.05,P0.01);两组重症率、危重症率和病死率比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论生活干预可减轻新型冠状病毒肺炎患者焦虑抑郁情绪,提高其生活质量。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者安全转运的管理

目的探讨安全转运新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的管理。方法参与组织实施1 487例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的转运,做到周密计划,落实患者准备及物品准备,严格消毒防护。结果患者均安全转移至指定医疗点,参与转运工作的工作人员未发生新型冠状病毒感染。结论全面细致的安排和严格消毒隔离,为大规模新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的安全转运提供了保障。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下实施普通外科手术的思考和建议

由2019新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)引起的肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)目前正在我国肆虐。已经证实,新冠肺炎可以在人际间传播。根据最新的临床报道,由医院相关性传播导致的新冠肺炎并不少见,给外科医护人员和住院患者造成严重威胁。在此疫情之下,普通外科医生应掌握新冠肺炎的临床表现和流行病学特点,尤其是了解新冠肺炎可能引起的消化道和腹部症状,避免误诊漏诊。针对急诊手术和限期手术,应在积极排查和防控新冠肺炎的基础上,合理有序开展。为新冠肺炎患者实施紧急手术时,必须严格遵照当地卫生行政主管部门或所在医疗机构的相关防护规定,密切协调手术各方,所有人员均应做好二级或三级防护,手术必须在负压手术间进行。对于不具备上述医疗条件的单位,宜尽快将需要紧急手术的新冠肺炎患者转诊至有条件的医疗单位。     

武汉胸外科医护人员及手术患者新型冠状病毒感染防治临床实践

目的总结武汉市大型三甲医院胸外科防治新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV,SARS-CoV-2)肺炎(COVID-19)的临床经验,提供可行的临床实践策略。方法回顾性分析2019年12月15日至2020年2月15日武汉市7家大型三甲医院胸外科确诊COVID-1941例患者的临床资料,其中手术患者20例,男10例、女10例,年龄(54.35±10.80)岁;医护人员21例,男7例、女14例,年龄(30.38±6.23)岁。结果COVID-19患者临床表现主要为发热(70.73%)和咳嗽(53.66%)。COVID-19患者外周血白细胞总数正常或减少,淋巴细胞计数减少,部分患者可出现C反应蛋白增高。COVID-19患者胸部CT早期呈现局限性磨玻璃影改变,以肺外带明显,进而发展为双肺多发浸润影,严重者出现肺实变。确诊时医护人员多为磨玻璃影及单侧病变,甚至肺部无明显异常。COVID-19确诊患者均及时转入隔离病房按国家卫生健康委员会《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案》规范治疗。随访截至2020年2月20日,手术患者出院7例(35.00%),死亡7例(35.00%),医护人员出院13例(61.90%),无死亡。结论武汉市医院胸外科COVID-19患者中,手术患者重症比例及死亡率明显高于普通人群。医护人员易院内感染。早期氧疗及呼吸支持有可能改善预后。COVID-19疫情期间应推迟择期或限期手术。严格把握急诊手术指征。急诊手术应按三级防护处理。胸外科有专科特殊性,若有确诊患者,全科人员应积极排查。早发现、早隔离、早诊断、早治疗是改善COVID-19预后的最佳防治措施。     

Management strategies for the burn ward during COVID-19 pandemic

COVID-19 pandemic is sweeping the globe. Any outpatient or new inpatient especial in burn department during the pandemic should be as a potential infectious source of COVID-19. It is very important to manage the patients and wards carefully and correctly to prevent epidemic of the virus in burn centers. This paper provides some strategies regarding management of burn ward during the epidemic of COVID-19 or other respiratory infectious diseases.     

Optimize the management of urological tube-related emergencies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

BackgroundTo introduce and determine the value of optimized strategies for the management of urological tube-related emergencies with increased incidence, complexity and operational risk during the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsAll emergent urological patients at Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, during the period of January 23 (the beginning of lockdown in Wuhan) to March 23, 2020, and the corresponding period in 2019 were recruited to form this study’s COVID-19 group and control group, respectively. Tongji Hospital has the most concentrated and strongest Chinese medical teams to treat the largest number of severe COVID-19 patients. Patients in the control group were routinely treated, while patients in the COVID-19 group were managed following the optimized principles and strategies. The case incidence for each type of tube-related emergency was recorded. Baseline characteristics and management outcomes (surgery time, secondary complex operation rate, readmission rate, COVID-19 infection rate) were analyzed and compared across the control and COVID-19 periods.ResultsThe total emergent urological patients during the COVID-19 period was 42, whereas during the control period, it was 124. The incidence of tube-related emergencies increased from 53% to 88% (P<0.001) during the COVID-19 period. In particular, the incidence of nephrostomy tube-related (31% vs. 15%, P=0.027) and single-J stent-related problems (19% vs. 6%, P=0.009) increased significantly. The mean surgery times across the two periods were comparable. The number of secondary complex operations increased from 12 (18%) to 14 (38%) (P=0.028) during the COVID 19-period. The number of 2-week postoperative readmission decreased from 10 (15%) to 1 (3%) (P=0.049). No participants contracted during the COVID-19 period.ConclusionsUrological tube-related emergencies have been found to have a higher incidence and require more complicated and dangerous operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the optimized management strategies introduced in this study are efficient, and safe for both urologists and patients.     

Strategies for prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease in the department of kidney transplantation

To summarize measures for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the department of kidney transplantation. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of outpatients and inpatients in the department of kidney transplantation from January 20 to March 1, 2020, and followed up the in-home kidney transplant recipients and those waiting for kidney transplantation through the Internet platform. Our department had formulated detailed prevention and control measures, mainly including kidney transplant outpatient management, kidney transplantation ward management, management of kidney transplant surgery, dialysis management of patients waiting for kidney transplantation, personal protection of medical staff, and follow-up management of discharged patients after kidney transplantation. During the epidemic period, there were no COVID-19 cases among 68 outpatient examined kidney transplant recipients, 32 hospitalized kidney transplant recipients, 19 patients waiting for kidney transplantation in hospital, and 30 medical staff. There were no COVID-19 cases among 160 follow-up recipients after kidney transplantation and 60 patients waiting for kidney transplantation. During the epidemic period, we implemented strict prevention and control measures and adjusted working methods and procedures to ensure safe and orderly work of the department.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎期间的眼科诊疗建议

新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的临床症状和体征多样,其中少数患者可能以结膜炎为首发表现在眼科就诊,且已有研究发现不能排除通过眼表途径传播的可能。鉴于此,眼科医师在诊疗工作中的防护措施不可忽视。本文总结了新型冠状病毒与眼科的现有相关发现,并对疫情期间眼科医务人员在临床工作中的诊疗注意事项提出建议,以期对疫情期间的眼科门急诊管理、患者收治、病房管控、手术管理等方面提供借鉴和参考。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控中方舱医院的护理应急综合管理

目的总结新型冠状病毒肺炎防控中方舱医院护理应急综合管理方法。方法迅速组建护理应急管理团队,实施护理应急综合管理,包括统筹管理分组实施,建章立制优化流程,设置岗位明确职责,护理安全管理(保障患者安全管理、联合协作病区安全管理、护士职业防护安全管理),患者心理应激干预及救援护士心理危机干预。结果自2020年2月5日开舱至3月9日休舱,收治患者1 848例,转院521例,出院1 327例;核酸标本采集5 020例次;无医护人员职业暴露感染。结论通过规范和因地制宜的管理策略,精准实施各项护理工作,保证了方舱医院患者集中隔离和救护工作的有序、安全、高效开展。     

Changes in trends of orthopedic services due to the COVID-19 pandemic: A review

As of June 10, 2022, the World Health Organization has recorded over 532 million documented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [(Coronavirus) SARS-CoV-2] cases and almost 6.3 million deaths worldwide, which has caused strain on medical specialties globally. The aim of this review is to explore the impact that COVID-19 has had on orthopedic practices. Providers observed a rapid decline in the number of orthopedic patients’ admissions due to cancellation of elective procedures; however, emergent cases still required treatment. Various observational studies, case reports, and clinical trials were collected through a PubMed database search. Additional sources were found through Google. The search was refined to publications in English and between the years of 2019 and 2021. The keywords used were “COVID-19” and/or “Orthopedic Injuries”. Thirty-seven studies were retained. The pandemic brought on significant changes to the mechanism of injury, number of admissions, type of injuries, and patient outcomes. Mortality rates significantly increased particularly amongst patients with hip fractures and COVID-19. Road traffic injuries remained a common cause of injury and domestic injuries became more prevalent with lockdown. Social isolation negatively affected mental health resulting in several orthopedic injuries. Telehealth services and separation for COVID-positive and COVID-negative patients benefited both patients and providers. While hospitals and medical facilities are still facing COVID-19 case surges, it is important to understand how this pandemic has impacted preparation, care, and opportunities for prevention education and ongoing care.