脑胶质瘤患者血清miR-21、miR-221、miR-222和miR-10b的相对表达量及临床意义

目的 探讨血清中miR-21、miR-221、miR-222和miR-10b对脑胶质瘤恶性程度的鉴别价值.方法 采用Real-timePCR技术检测34例低级别脑胶质瘤患者和50例高级别脑胶质瘤患者miR-21、miR-221、miR-222和miR-10b的相对表达量,使用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)评价其诊断价值.结果 与低级别脑胶质瘤组相比,高级别脑胶质瘤组血清miR-10b、miR-21和miR-221的相对表达量均显著升高,且差异具有统计学意义,miR-222相对表达量的差异无统计学意义.ROC曲线评价血清miR-10b、miR-21和miR-221对于脑胶质瘤恶性程度的诊断价值,miR-10b的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)值最大,为0.722(0.694,0.751),对于低级别脑胶质瘤的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为79.41％和78.00％.使用二元Logistic回归分析评价血清miR-10b、miR-21和miR-221联合检测对于脑胶质瘤恶性程度的诊断价值,其曲线下面积为0.915(0.855,0.977),对于低级别脑胶质瘤的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为85.29％和88.00％.与miR-10b、miR-21和miR-221单独检测的诊断价值相比,其曲线下面积均有显著提高(P=0.026、P=0.012、P=0.008).结论 miR-10b、miR-21和miR-221联合诊断可以为临床脑胶质瘤患者的鉴别诊断提供一种潜在的辅助诊断方法.     

血清C反应蛋白和半乳糖凝集素-1对脑胶质瘤的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清C反应蛋白（CRP）和半乳糖凝集素1含量对于脑胶质瘤的诊断价值.方法 分别检测116例健康对照组、103例低级别脑胶质瘤组和138例高级别脑胶质瘤组中C反应蛋白和半乳糖凝集素1的含量.结果 与健康对照组比较,低级别脑胶质瘤组和高级别脑胶质瘤组中CRP和半乳糖凝集素-1含量均升高,且差异具有统计学意义;与低级别脑胶质瘤组比较,高级别脑胶质瘤组的CRP和半乳糖凝集素-1含量均升高,且差异具有统计学意义;CRP和半乳糖凝集素-1联合检测区分健康对照组和脑胶质瘤组的诊断灵敏度和特异性分别为91.29％和88.80％,优于单独检测;CRP和半乳糖凝集素-1联合检测区分低级别和高级别脑胶质瘤组的诊断灵敏度和特异性分别为87.55％和87.93％,优于单独检测.结论 CRP和半乳糖凝集素-1联合检测对脑胶质瘤的辅助诊断具有一定的潜在价值.     

脑胶质瘤患者血清miR-128和miR-720相对表达量及临床意义

目的探讨血清miR-128和miR-720相对表达量对脑胶质瘤的诊断价值。方法采用TaqMan MicroRNA AssaysReal-time PCR技术检测62名健康对照者、54例低级别脑胶质瘤患者和57例高级别脑胶质瘤患者血清miR-128和miR-720相对表达量。结果低级别脑胶质瘤组与健康对照组比较血清miR-720相对表达量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高级别脑胶质瘤组miR-128和miR-720相对表达量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与低级别脑胶质瘤组比较,高级别脑胶质瘤组的miR-128和miR-720相对表达量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。miR-128和miR-720联合检测区分健康对照组和脑胶质瘤组的诊断灵敏性和特异性分别为92.3%和87.2%,区分低级别脑胶质瘤组和高级别脑胶质瘤组的诊断灵敏性和特异性分别为84.3%和88.9%。结论血清miR-128和miR-720相对表达量联合诊断为临床脑胶质瘤的诊断和预后提供一种辅助方法。     

AFP与PIVKA-Ⅱ联合检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的应用研究

目的 探究甲胎蛋白AFP与异常凝血酶原PIVKA-Ⅱ对原发性肝癌的诊断价值.方法 回顾性研究首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院2016年1月至3月收治的肝病患者268例,其中病毒性肝炎患者59例、肝硬化患者96例、其他肝病患者33例和原发性肝癌患者80例(早期50例、晚期30例),对其AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ的检测结果进行统计分析.结果 原发性肝癌组血清AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ水平明显高于其他疾病组(P ＜0.005);AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.854和0.926,两指标联合诊断原发性肝癌的ROC曲线下面积为0.951;血清AFP单独诊断原发性肝癌的敏感性和特异性分别为87.50％和66.49％,PIVKA-Ⅱ单独诊断原发性肝癌的敏感性和特异性分别为90.00％和85.11％.联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断效率,并联联检可将敏感性提高到97.50％;串联联测可将特异性提高到94.15％;经相关性分析发现,在早期原发性肝癌的诊断上两指标Spearman相关系数为0.044(P =0.763),两者无相关性.结论 血清PIVKA-Ⅱ用于诊断原发性肝癌有较高的敏感性和特异性,其诊断价值高于AFP;两指标在早期原发性肝癌的诊断上没有相关性,两指标联合可以明显提高早期原发性肝癌的诊断效率.     

Logistic回归和ROC曲线综合评价四种指标对原发性肝癌的诊断价值

目的 运用logistic回归与受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价甲胎蛋白(AFP)、甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)、胸苷激酶(TK1)、分泌型蛋白Dickkopf-1(DKK1)对原发性肝癌(PHC)的诊断价值.方法 选择76例原发性肝癌患者作为PHC组、42例良性肝脏疾病患者作为良性肝病组、32健康体检人员作为对照组,采用电化学发光法检测血清AFP水平;采用亲和吸附层析法检测AFP-L3水平,计算AFP-L3在AFP中比例;采用免疫印迹增强化学发光法检测血清TK1水平:采用ELISA试剂盒检测血清标本中DKKI水平.通过ROC曲线分析和Logistic回归结果的ROC曲线下面积(AUC),对4个指标单独及联合检测的临床性能行比较分析.结果 PHC组4个血清指标的含量明显高于良性肝病组及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),AFP、AFP-L3、TK1和DKK1诊断PHC的敏感性分别为68.4％、76.3％、77.6％和80.3％,特异性分别为90.5％、91.9％、95.9％和94.6％.四项联合检测的敏感性和特异性为93.4％和89.2％;AFP、AFP-L3、TK1和DKK1的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.755、0.808、0.913、0.814,联合检测的AUC为0.941,与AFP、AFP-L3、TK1和DKK1比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AFP-L3、TK1和DKK1可以作为诊断PHC血清标志物,与AFP联合检测可提高诊断效能;Logistic回归结合ROC曲线可用于PHC多指标联合诊断的分析评价.     

利用T_1加权DCE-MRI技术对脑胶质瘤分级

应用T1加权动态对比度增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)技术对脑胶质瘤进行术前分级,验证其用于脑胶质瘤分级的准确性和可重复性。对26例脑胶质瘤患者团注Gd-DTPA对比剂后,以1.5TSiemens Syngo MRI扫描仪采集DCE T1加权图像。首先基于改进的Tofts两室药物动力学模型,从采集到的动态组图像建立病灶区感兴趣区内的平均信号强度-时间曲线,然后应用非线性最小二乘拟合方法对该曲线进行拟合,获取定量参数。这些参数包括:初始增强率ER、回流速率常数Kep、排泄速率常数Kel、曲线下面积AUC、峰值高度PH、到达峰值的时间TTP,最后与临床组织病理学结果进行比较,建立这些定量参数与脑胶质瘤分级之间的定量关系。采用独立样本t检验比较任意两个分级之间各定量参数的统计学差异,P0.05作为统计学差异标准。ER、AUC和PH随着脑胶质瘤的病理分级由低到高地增加;低级别脑胶质瘤中的Ⅰ与Ⅱ级之间以及高级别中的Ⅲ与Ⅳ级之间的比较结果显示,ER、AUC和PH的值均无明显统计学差异(P0.05);低级别与高级别级之间的比较结果显示,仅参数ER的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。ER是术前准确界定脑胶质瘤低级别与高级别的最具敏感性和特异性的参数,其界定阈值约为0.68。     

GP73与AFP联合检测在肝癌诊断中的应用价值

目的 通过检测HCC血清中的GP73和AFP含量,探讨GP73对于肝癌检测的应用价值.方法 通过ELISA方法对81例HCC、72例CH/LC和65例正常对照血清行GP73检测,并通过ROC曲线计算GP73诊断肝癌的敏感性和特异性.结果 HCC组、CH/LC组和正常对照组GP73含量分别为( 152.67±33.59) ng/ml、(93.15±20.02) ng/ml和(58.95±17.29) ng/ml.ROC曲线分析显示以120 ng/ml为Cut-off值,GP73诊断肝癌的敏感性为77.80％,特异性为78.00％.结论 GP73可以作为诊断肝癌的血清标志物,其敏感性好于AFP,同时通过联合检查可以提高肝癌的检出率,有一定的临床意义.     

血清CA19-9临床应用价值评估

探讨应用血清CA19-9诊断消化系统肿瘤的临床应用价值及应用它鉴别胰腺肿瘤与胰腺炎时的阳性参考值选定。应用酶放大化学发光免疫分析法分别检测下列人群组的血清CA19-9：对照组(21名)、消化道肿瘤组(125例，其中胰腺肿瘤患者7例)和非肿瘤组(387例，其中胰腺炎患者15例)。根据受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析结果并选定阳性参考值。结果表明，以18．4kU／L作阳性参考值时。该方法对消化系统肿瘤的诊断敏感性为60．8％，特异性相对于对照组和非肿瘤组分别为95．2％和68．2％：CA19-9对胰腺肿瘤的诊断敏感性为85．7％，特异性相对于对照组和非胰腺肿瘤组分别为95．0％和63．1％。胰腺肿瘤与胆道阻塞并发胰腺炎鉴别诊断的阳性参考值选取37kU／L时，其诊断特异性从13．3％提高到46．7％。这说明血清CA19-9是一项协诊消化系统肿瘤。特别是胰腺肿瘤的可靠实验室指标；提高阳性参考值，有助于鉴别胰腺肿瘤与胰腺炎。     

丙型肝炎病毒抗体与核心抗原联合检测的诊断效能研究

目的 探讨丙型肝炎病毒抗体(HCV-Ab)与核心抗原(HCV-cAg)联合检测对丙型肝炎的诊断效能.方法 经重组免疫印迹试验确证的92例阳性标本,81例阴性对照标本,同时进行HCV-Ab和HCV-cAg检测,分析HCV-Ab检测法、HCV-cAg检测法及两者联合检测法的敏感性、特异性和ROC曲线下面积.结果 HCV-Ab检测法敏感性为79.3％,特异性为93.8％;HCV-cAg检测法敏感性为87.0％,特异性为90.1％;HCV-cAg与HCV-Ab联合检测法敏感性为92.4％,特异性为88.9％.三种试验比较,敏感性差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),特异性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).三种方法ROC曲线下面积分别为0.866、0.885和0.906.HCV-cAg与HCV-Ab联合检测法,诊断准确性较高.结论 HCV-cAg与HCV-Ab检测方法的联合应用对于丙型肝炎的诊断效能较高.     

血清miR-223的表达及联合CEA、CYFRA21-1对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清miR-223的表达及其联合血清肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值.方法 收集57例非小细胞肺癌患者、30例肺部良性疾病患者和30例正常人血清,提取总RNA后采用RT-PCR方法检测miR-223,同时对CEA、CYFRA21-1进行检测,分析血清miR-223相对表达量及其与NSCLC临床病理特征的关系,评估血清miR-223联合CEA、CYFRA21-1对NSCLC的诊断效能.结果 NSCLC组血清miR-223表达水平显著高于健康组和肺部良性病变组,差异均具有统计学意义(二者的P均＜0.001),其相对表达量与患者年龄、性别、病理类型、淋巴结转移及CEA、CYFRA21-1的表达无关(P＞0.05),和临床分期有统计学相关(P＜0.05).NSCLC患者miR-223、CEA、CYFRA21-1的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.891 (95％ CI:0.834 ～0.946)、0.724(95％ CI:0.632 ～0.816)、0.737(95％ CI:0.647～0.827).当miR-223取0.58为其cut off值时,在以健康人为对照组和以肺部良性病变为对照组的敏感性、特异性分别为71.9％、86.7％;63.2％、83.3％,其联合CEA、CYFRA21-1后在上述两组中的敏感性、特异性分别为80.7％、85.4％;78.9％、83.3％.结论 miR-223在NSCLC患者血清中高表达,提示其可作为NSCLC患者早期诊断的潜在标志物之一;并且联合CEA、CYFRA21-1可提高NSCLC的诊断效能.     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995