氯沙坦对兔髂动脉球囊内膜损伤后反应和胶原的影响

目的 :探讨氯沙坦对胶原含量、内膜增生、血管损伤后反应及组织血管紧张素 含量的影响。方法 :建立兔髂动脉球囊内膜损伤模型 ,5 0只新西兰雄性白兔随机分为 4周和 8周氯沙坦组、苯那普利组和对照组共 6组 ,其中氯沙坦组和苯那普利组分别于术前 5 d始喂氯沙坦和苯那普利片剂至实验结束。结果 :随着病变发展 ,内膜面积及胶原含量呈增加趋势。氯沙坦和苯那普利干预 4周时 ,胶原含量较对照组减少 ,分别为 (2 3.5 8± 6 .16 ) %、(2 2 .6 7± 10 .2 0 ) %、(35 .2 0± 7.2 5 ) % ,P<0 .0 5。干预 8周时 ,内膜面积、内中膜面积比及胶原含量均减少 ,尤以胶原含量减少更为明显 ,后者分别为 (2 0 .6 9± 11.16 ) %、(2 5 .4 1± 11.0 0 ) %、(42 .6 9± 13.99) % ,P<0 .0 5 ,而管腔面积增加 ,分别为 (0 .79± 0 .2 5 ) mm2、(0 .76± 0 .2 8) mm2、 (0 .6 2± 0 .2 7) mm2 ,P<0 .0 5。同时氯沙坦增加髂动脉血管紧张素 水平 ,为 (5 16 .31± 70 .79) pg/ mg.pro、(410 .72± 10 0 .11) pg/ mg.pro,P<0 .0 5 ;苯那普利减少髂动脉血管紧张素 水平 ,为 (340 .6 2± 6 7.6 9) pg/ mg.pro、(410 .72± 10 0 .11) pg/ mg.pro,P<0 .0 5。相关性分析显示苯那普利各组组织血管紧张素 含量分别与内膜面积、内中膜面积比     

粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子对球囊损伤内膜修复的影响

目的建立兔髂动脉球囊损伤模型,观察粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM CSF)对损伤内膜修复的影响。方法健康雄性新西兰大白兔24只随机分为GM CSF组和对照组。GM CSF组皮下注射GM CSF10μg·kg1·d1,对照组皮下注射同等量生理盐水。7d后球囊扩张损伤髂动脉。4周后提取损伤动脉标本,观察内皮修复、内膜增生情况并测定病理形态学参数。结果术后4周病理组织学见GM CSF组内膜增生程度明显轻于对照组,新生内膜中血管平滑肌细胞和纤维组织明显少于对照组,内皮较完整、光滑,管腔狭窄程度较轻。形态学参数见GM CSF组的管腔面积明显大于对照组(1.27mm2±0.31mm2vs0.92mm2±0.24mm2),新生内膜面积与内膜增生百分比明显小于对照组(0.85mm2±0.34mm2vs1.18mm2±0.38mm2;40%±7%vs55%±6%)。结论GM CSF能促进损伤内膜修复,减少内膜增生,降低再狭窄率。     

钠氢交换抑制剂对兔髂动脉球囊损伤后血管狭窄干预作用研究

目的:建立兔髂动脉球囊损伤模型,观察钠氢交换(NHE)抑制剂(Amiloride)对血管狭窄的干预作用。方法:32只新西兰白兔随机分为干预组(12只)、对照组(10只)及假术组(10只);建立兔髂动脉球囊损伤模型。干预组于术前3d予Amiloride[5mg(kg·d)]、对照组以相同剂量NS腹腔注射,至术后28d取材;取髂动脉行苏木精伊红染色、αactin免疫组化染色、Masson三色染色,观察血管管腔、中膜与内膜面积变化、平滑肌细胞增殖、细胞外基质(ECM)变化情况。结果:兔髂动脉球囊损伤后4周出现明显管腔狭窄,新生内膜生长,平滑肌层增生;干预组、对照组、假术组髂动脉管腔面积各为(0.91±0.23)mm2、(0.68±0.19)mm2、(1.08±0.17)mm2,F=7.631,P<0.01;新生内膜面积各为(0.27±0.15)mm2、(0.67±0.24)mm2、(0.05±0.03)mm2,F=36.974,P<0.01;内膜中膜面积比各为1.21±0.24、1.39±0.26、0.15±0.08,F=7.562,P<0.01;经Amiloride干预后管腔面积明显增大,内膜面积显著下降,内膜中膜面积比下降。干预组与对照组内膜比较,αactin染色阳性面积减小[(4164.15±1788.37)μm2vs.(16328.31±6220.27)μm2,P<0.01];Masson染色绿色面积下降[(8910.62±7041.62)μm2vs(333558.76±7290.17)μm2,P<0.01],提示干预组内膜平滑肌增生及ECM增生均减轻。结论:Amiloride可抑制球囊损伤兔髂动脉所致血管管腔缩小、内膜增生、分泌ECM,减轻血管狭窄,提示其可能在预防经皮冠状动脉内成形术术后血管再狭窄起一定作用。     

睾酮对损伤的血管组织血管细胞黏附分子-1的表达和内膜增殖的影响

目的 观察内外源性睾酮对球囊损伤的血管组织血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)的表达和内膜增殖的影响.方法 30只雄性家兔随机等分为替代组、单纯去势组和对照组,前两组动物行去势术(切除双侧睾丸和附睾),后一组动物行相应假手术;均于去势术后2周行右侧髂动脉内皮剥脱术,替代组同时给予十一酸睾酮.脱内皮术后2周将动物处死,取损伤血管段,应用免疫组织化学法观察血管组织VCAM-1的表达、应用HE染色观察血管病理形态的变化.结果 与单纯去势组和对照组相比,替代组脱内皮术后2周损伤血管组织VCAM-1表达明显增强[(0.3465±0.0084)vs(0.3109±0.0056)及(0.3180±0.0099),分别P＜0.001和0.01],损伤血管内膜面积和内膜/中膜面积比值明显增大[(1.65±0.39)mm2 vs(0.65±0.18)mm2及(0.75±0.21)mm2,(0.92±0.20)vs(0.38±0.07)及(0.43±0.09),均P＜0.01],而前两组之间上述指标相比差异无显著性栽(均P＞0.05).结论 雄性兔去势后补充该实验剂量的外源性睾酮可促进损伤的血管组织表达VCAM-1和促进内膜增生,而内源性睾酮水平短时降低对损伤血管组织VCAM-1的表达和内膜增生无影响.     

血管内放射对猪受损髂动脉平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 :观察血管内放射照射对猪髂动脉球囊损伤后血管新生内膜平滑肌细胞(SMC)增殖与凋亡的影响。方法 :2 7头小型猪分为 3组 ,所有猪行髂动脉球囊过大扩张 ,通过后装装置将 1 0Gy和 2 0Gy的192 Ir放射源分别置于 9只猪受损髂动脉部位 ,其他 9只猪的受损髂动脉作为对照。每组的 9头猪分别术后 3天、1 0天和 2 8天分 3次处死。用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和三磷酸脱氧尿嘧啶缺口末端标记法 (TUNEL)法检测内膜SMC增殖和凋亡情况。结果 :代表血管内膜增殖的PCNA指数在 1 0天和 2 8天宰杀的猪中 ,放射治疗组明显低于对照组。术后 1 0天内膜SMC凋亡在对照组和 1 0Gy、2 0Gy组的值分别为 :(1 85± 0 49) %比 (2 2 7± 0 49) %(P >0 0 5)和 (1 85± 0 49) %比 (2 53± 0 45) %(P <0 0 5) ;术后 2 8天上述值分别为(1 61± 0 3 5) %比 (3 1 1± 0 51 ) %(P <0 0 5)和 (1 61± 0 3 5) %比 (7 0 5± 1 82 ) %(P <0 0 5) ;2 8天时 2 0Gy组的内膜SMC凋亡明显高于 1 0Gy组 (7 0 5± 1 82 ) %比 (3 1 1± 0 51 ) %(P <0 0 5)。相同的放射剂量时 ,2 8天宰杀猪的髂动脉SMC凋亡高于 1 0天宰杀猪的量。结论 :血管内γ射线照射能抑制小型猪球囊损伤髂动脉内膜SMC增殖和刺激SMC凋     

水飞蓟宾对球囊血管损伤后内膜增生及血管重构的影响

目的　研究水飞蓟宾对球囊血管损伤后内膜增生及重构的影响 ,探讨其防治冠状动脉成形术后再狭窄的可能性。方法　将实验兔造成髂动脉球囊损伤 ,术前 3d开始分别使用小剂量 ( 2 0mg·kg-1·d-1)及大剂量 ( 40mg·kg-1·d-1)水飞蓟宾 ,服药至术后 2 8d处死 ,取病变血管染色 ,并用计算机图像分析系统分析内膜及中膜厚度、血管腔面积、平均动脉面积 (外弹力膜内横截面积 ,EEL)的变化。结果　小剂量水飞蓟宾对血管腔面积、血管内膜及中膜厚度、平均动脉面积无明显影响 ;大剂量水飞蓟宾可使血管腔面积扩大、平均动脉面积明显增加、血管内膜厚度减少。结论　水飞蓟宾能抑制血管内膜增生及血管重构 ,有可能用于防治冠状动脉成形术后再狭窄     

球囊扩张术建立幼兔动脉狭窄模型的可行性研究

 目的 建立幼兔髂动脉狭窄模型。方法：新西兰大白兔70只,(60±15)d,随机分为手术组、假手术组、正常组,手术组采用球囊扩张损伤髂动脉内皮,观察其术后管腔面积,内、中膜面积变化情况,并计算其术后狭窄率。结果：与正常组相比,手术组术后4周狭窄率高达80.24%。术后内膜、中膜面积明显高于正常组（P＜0.001）。假手术组与正常组相比无显著统计学意义（P﹥0.05）。结论：球囊损伤可用于建立幼兔髂动脉狭窄模型,为进一步的临床研究提供实验基础。     

替格瑞洛对大鼠颈总动脉球囊损伤后内膜增生的影响及机制研究

目的研究抗血小板药替格瑞洛对大鼠颈总动脉损伤后内膜增生的影响及机制。方法把42只普通SD大鼠用随机法分为正常对照组(6只)、球囊损伤组(12只)、替格瑞洛正常剂量组(12只)、替格瑞洛高剂量组(12只)。术后7天、21天取颈总动脉行H-E染色,观察颈总动脉病理形态变化,并测量内膜的面积(IA)和中膜的面积(MA)。免疫组化技术测定PDGF、PCNA的表达。结果药物正常剂量和高剂量组与球囊损伤组比较,7天、21天内膜的面积、内膜/中膜的面积比明显减少(P<0.05)。颈总动脉的PDGF、PCNA的表达明显降低(P<0.05)。药物正常剂量组与药物高剂量组比较,7天时药物高剂量组的内膜面积、内膜/中膜的面积比明显减少(P<0.05)。颈总动脉的PDGF、PCNA的表达明显降低(P<0.05)。药物高剂量组与正常药物剂量组21天与7天的内膜面积差比较无明显差异。颈总动脉的PDGF、PCNA的表达无明显差异。结论替格瑞洛能够减轻动脉损伤后内膜增生的程度,其可能机制为抑制血小板的活化,阻断血小板释放PDGF刺激血管平滑肌增生。球囊损伤前期高剂量药物组较正常剂量组抑制内膜增生较为明显,后期高剂量组与正常剂量组无明显差异。     

重组水蛭素局部治疗兔髂总动脉球囊扩张术后内膜增殖和管腔狭窄

目的　探讨重组水蛭素经多孔球囊导管局部治疗对兔髂总动脉球囊扩张术后内膜增殖和管腔狭窄的影响 .方法　 2 4只纯种日本大耳白兔随机分成对照组 (n=12 )和重组水蛭素局部治疗组 (n=12 ) ,采用兔髂总动脉球囊扩张术后内膜增殖和管腔狭窄动物模型 ,治疗组经多孔球囊导管于球囊扩张局部在 2个大气压下给予重组水蛭素 (13.8× 10 6抗凝血酶单位· g- 1 ) 1mg· kg- 1 ,对照组给予生理盐水 .术后 2 wk和4wk复查血管造影 ,术后 4wk取髂总动脉标本行 HE染色、Masson三色染色、平滑肌肌动蛋白 (α- actin)免疫组织化学染色和增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)免疫组织化学染色 ,并进行计算机图像分析 .结果　治疗组术后 2 wk和 4wk平均髂总动脉直径均较对照组显著扩大 [2 wk (86± 5 ) % vs(5 6±10 ) % ,P <0 .0 1;4wk (77± 13) % vs (5 6± 10 ) % ,P <0 .0 1],术后 2 wk和 4wk平均髂总动脉面积亦显著增加 .术后 4wk治疗组球囊扩张血管管腔面积较对照组显著增加[(37± 5 ) % vs (16± 5 ) % ,P <0 .0 1],管壁面积显著减少[(6 3± 5 ) % vs(84± 5 ) % ,P<0 .0 1],其中主要是内膜面积的减少 [(7± 1) % vs (38± 10 ) % ,P<0 .0 1].术后 4wk治疗组球囊扩张血管壁 α- actin和 PCNA免疫组化染色阳性细胞均较对照组明显减     

左旋精氨酸对家兔髂动脉球囊损伤后内膜增生的影响

目的　探讨左旋精氨酸对动脉球囊损伤后内膜增生的影响。方法　 36只健康家兔随机分成球囊损伤组 (A组 ,n =12 )、球囊损伤 +L -Arg组 (B组 ,n =12 )、假手术组 (S组 ,n =12 ) ,每组再随机分成术后 7天处死和术后 2 8天处死两个亚组 (n =6 )。A、B组行右髂动脉球囊损伤术。B组从术前 3天至处死时经静脉注射L -Arg 95 0mg·Kg-1/d。组织切片行Wergert弹力纤维染色。行形态学观察及形态计量分析。结果　A、B组皆有新生内膜形成 ,A2 8组较B2 8组及S组内膜面积、内膜面积 /中膜面积显著增大 ,管腔面积显著减小 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　应用L -Arg可抑制动脉球囊损伤后内膜的增生     

Short-term safety and efficacy of the biodegradable iron stent in mini-swine coronary arteries

Background To overcome the drawbacks of permanent years. The bioabsorbable polymer vascular scaffold （BVS） stents, biodegradable stents have been studied in recent was the first bioabsorbable stent to undergo clinical trials, demonstrating safety and feasibility in the ABSORB studies. Iron can potentially serve as the biomatedal for biodegradable stents. This study aimed to assess the short4erm safety and efficacy of a biodegradable iron stent in mini-swine coronary arteries. Methods Eight iron stents and eight cobalt chromium alloy （VISION） control stents were randomly implanted into the LAD and RCA of eight healthy mini-swine, respectively. Two stents of the same metal base were implanted into one animal. At 28 days the animals were sacrificed after coronary angiography, and histopathological examinations were performed. Results Histomorphometric measurements showed that mean neointimal thickness （（0.46±0.17） mm vs. （0.45±0.18） mm, P=0.878）, neointimal area （（2.55±0.91） mm2 vs. （3.04±1.15） mm2, P=0.360） and percentage of area stenosis （（44.50±11.40）% vs. （46.00±17.95）%, P=0.845） were not significantly different between the iron stents and VISION stents. There was no inflammation, thrombosis or necrosis in either group. The scanning electron microscopy （SEM） intimal injury scores （0.75±1.04 vs. 0.88±0.99, P=0.809） and number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） positive staining cells were not significantly different between the two groups. The percentage of neointimal coverage by SEM examination was numerically higher in iron stents than in VISION stents （（84.38±14.50）% vs. （65.00±22.04）%, P=0.057）, but the difference was not statistically significant. Iron staining in the tissue surrounding the iron stents at 28 days was positive and the vascular wall adjacent to the iron stent had a brownish tinge, consistent with iron degradation. No abnormal histopathological changes were detected in coronary arteries or major organs. Conclusions The biodegradable iron stent has good biocompatibility and short-term safety and efficacy in the mini- swine coronary artery. Corrosion of iron stents is observed at four weeks and no signs of organ toxicity related to iron degradation were noted.     

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并高血压患者血压变化特点

目的研究合并中重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的高血压患者血压变化的特点,探讨其在心脑血管疾病发展中的作用。方法94例研究对象根据诊所血压、24 h动态血压和多导睡眠图监测结果分为1)对照组(单纯高血压、轻度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并高血压,n=58),平均年龄(52±2.7)岁,体质量指数(27.2±0.98)kg/m2,2)实验组(中重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并高血压,n=36),年龄平均(46±1.6)岁。体质量指数(28.2±0.48)kg/m2。比较2组睡眠呼吸暂停对血压变化的影响。结果1)2组患者年龄、性别及体质量指数差异无统计学意义。实验组中非杓型血压(non-d ipper)的发生率为55.6%,明显高于对照组(22.4%)。2)实验组24 h、白天、夜间平均脉压差〔(49.57±13.27)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、(49.53±12.92)mmHg、(50.31±16.86)mmHg〕明显高于对照组〔(44.69±7.12)mmHg、(45.12±7.50)mmHg、(42.69±6.28)mmHg〕,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中重度睡眠呼吸暂停影响血压昼夜节律的变化,对脉压也产生明显影响。     

Protective effect of low potassium dextran solution on acute kidney injury following acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in piglets

Background  Low potassium dextran (LPD) solution can attenuate acute lung injury (ALI). However, LPD solution for treating acute kidney injury secondary to ALI has not been reported. The present study was performed to examine the renoprotective effect of LPD solution in ALI induced by oleic acid (OA) in piglets.

Methods  Twelve animals that suffered an ALI induced by administration of OA into the right atrium were divided into two groups: the placebo group (n=6) pretreated with normal saline and the LPD group (n=6), pretreated with LPD solution. LPD solution was injected intravenously at a dose of 12.5 ml/kg via the auricular vein 1 hour before OA injection.

Results  All animals survived the experiments with mild histopathological injury to the kidney. There were no significant differences in mean arterial pressure (MAP), creatinin and renal damage scores between the two groups. Compared with the placebo group, the LPD group had better gas exchange parameters at most of the observation points ((347.0±12.6) mmHg vs. (284.3±11.3) mmHg at 6 hours after ALI, P <0.01). After 6 hours of treatment with OA, the plasma concentrations of NGAL and interleukin (IL)-6 in both groups increased dramatically compared to baseline ((6.0±0.6) and (2.50±0.08) folds in placebo group; and (2.5±0.5) and (1.40±0.05) folds in LPD group), but the change of both parameters in the LPD group was significantly lower (P <0.01) than in the placebo group. And 6 hours after ALI the kidney tissue concentration of IL-6 in the LPD group ((165.7 ± 22.5) pg∙ml^-1∙g^-1 protein) was significantly lower (P <0.01) than that in placebo group ((67.2± 25.3) pg∙ml^-1∙g^-1 protein).

Conclusion  These findings suggest that pretreatment with LPD solution via systemic administration might attenuate acute kidney injury and the cytokine response of IL-6 in the ALI piglet model induced by OA injection.

     

ProCOUNT与单平台ISHAGE方法检测外周血及采集物中CD34~+细胞绝对计数的比较

目的评估ProCOUNT方法和单平台ISHAGE方法检测外周血及其采集物中CD34+细胞绝对计数的优缺点。方法采用流式细胞仪ProCOUNT方法和单平台ISHAGE方法,对23份动员外周血及50份采集物行CD34+细胞绝对计数,并对2种方法所得的结果进行Spearman相关分析和配对t检验。结果Spearman相关分析结果:ProCOUNT方法和单平台ISHAGE方法所得的CD34+细胞绝对数、CD34+细胞百分比高度相关(r均>0.9,P均<0.001)。配对t检验分析结果:ProCOUNT方法和单平台ISHAGE方法检测动员外周血的CD34+细胞绝对数分别为(42.7±7.5)μL-1和(52.1±7.2)μL-1(P<0.01),CD34+细胞百分比分别为(0.26±0.07)%和(0.13±0.05)%(P<0.01);检测采集物中CD34+细胞绝对数分别为(3 515.2±684.7)μL-1和(3 923.8±711.1)μL-1(P<0.01),CD34+细胞百分比分别为(0.79±0.18)%和(0.83±0.17)%(P=0.056)。ProCOUNT方法所得的结果均低于单平台ISHAGE方法所得的结果。结论ProCOUNT方法和单平台ISHAGE方法检测CD34+细胞绝对计数和百分比所得结果具有高度相关性,但前者所得结果要低于后者。     

基于微透析技术的支气管动脉灌注卡铂的药物代谢动力学研究

目的借助微透析技术精确取样测定犬肺组织中游离药物浓度,计算卡铂支气管动脉灌注的药代动力学参数,对比静脉化疗的变化趋势,为临床介入给药提供参考。方法实验犬分为介入组和静脉组,首先CT下经皮穿刺肺内植入微透析探针,然后介入组支气管动脉灌注卡铂200 mg,静脉组静滴同量药物。给药毕收集透析液进行测定,以3P87程序处理数据,计算出相关参数,进行统计学比较。结果无论是支气管动脉给药还是静脉给药,肺内卡铂药物浓度的变化趋势均与伴吸收相的二室开放模型最为拟合,不过两者代谢动力学参数却各有不同。介入组卡铂AUC(药时曲线下面积)值〔(321.17±18.96)μg.L-1.h〕明显高于静脉组〔(185.75±33.21)μg.L-1.h〕(P<0.01);介入组Vc(中央室表观分布容积)值〔(13.81±3.35)mg.L.μg-1〕明显小于静脉组:〔(31.25±2.66)mg.L.μg-1,P<0.01〕。动脉给药相比静滴卡铂α值和tl/2α变化不明显,但β值明显减少,tl/2β显著延长,清除率C l值减少。结论与静脉给药相比,支气管动脉灌注并不影响卡铂代谢的基本变化趋势,但确实带来部分药代动力参数的改变。动脉给药使卡铂的吸收相缩短,峰浓度升高,分布相则影响不大,但消除相明显延长。动静脉给药药代动力学的差异提示临床介入不能简单套用静脉化疗的用量及频次,对卡铂而言宜适当减低剂量以及间隔较长的时间。     

Correlation of eosinophil counts in induced sputum and fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide and lung functions in patients with mild to moderate asthma

Background  The airway inflammation could be assessed by some noninvasive approaches. To investigate the value of eosinophil counts in induced sputum and fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) for the regimen adjustment in patients with asthma, the correlation was analyzed between the two parameters and lung function parameter (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁)).

Methods  Sixty-five outpatients with mild to moderate non-exacerbation asthma from Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were enrolled as treatment group. Combined medications of inhaled corticosteroids plus long-acting beta-2 agonist were administered for one year. Lung function parameters, eosinophil counts in induced sputum, concentration of exhaled nitric oxide and the Asthma Control Test scores were recorded, at regular intervals in the follow-up period. Twenty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group and underwent examination of eosinophil counts in induced sputum, lung function and concentration of exhaled nitric oxide.

Results  Sixty-three subjects from treatment group completed follow-up period for one year or longer. Mean FEV₁ value of the 63 subjects was (2.75±0.54) L at baseline, (2.97±0.56) L and (3.07±0.52) L at month 3 and month 6, respectively, and maintained as (3.14±0.51) L in the following six months. Mean FENO decreased from (61±25) parts per billion (ppb) at baseline to (32±19) ppb at month 3 (P <0.05), and continued to decrease to (22±12) ppb at month 6, the difference being significant when compared to both baseline and control group ((13±8) ppb). Mean eosinophil counts decreased to (0.032±0.011) ×10⁶/ml at month 3, which was significantly different from baseline ((0.093±0.023) ×10⁶/ml) and the control group ((0.005±0.003) ×10⁶/ml (both P <0.05). The eosinophil counts in induced sputum correlated positively with concentration of FENO in the first six months (all P <0.05). The concentration of FENO had a significant negative correlation with FEV₁ value (all P <0.05) in any time point in the follow-up period. The Asthma Control Test scores were 18±5, 19±7, 23±2, 24±1 and 24±1 at months 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12, respectively, which were significantly different from the score at baseline (14±3) (P <0.05 ). The most rapid clinical effect was observed at the second month after treatment.

Conclusion  Eosinophil counts in induced sputum and FENO are sensitive parameters to detect airway inflammation and may be useful in evaluating the efficacy of treatment and adjusting medication regimens.

     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血半暗带细胞凋亡动态变化规律的研究

用线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞 (MCAO)模型 ,然后用特异性细胞凋亡检测方法 (TUNEL法 ) ,对局灶缺血后不同时间点的脑组织进行观察。发现MCAO后各时间点局灶缺血范围内被标记的染色阳性的凋亡细胞主要位于局灶性缺血半暗带区 ,而且随着缺血时间的延长 ,凋亡细胞数逐渐增多 (缺血 1、3、6、1 2h分别为 3.6 0± 1 .0 2、1 5 .6 0± 2 .0 6、2 2 .4 0± 1 .85、33.0 0± 2 .83/mm2 ) ,2 4h达到高峰 ( 4 6 .6 0± 3.0 1 /mm2 ) ,4 8h以后明显减少 ( 1 3.6 0±2 .4 7/mm2 ) ,72h以后 ,凋亡表现逐渐消失 ( 5 .0 0± 1 .4 1 /mm2 ) ,各时间点的凋亡细胞数目有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;同时两两比较表明除缺血后 1h与 72h,3h与 1 2h及 4 8h外 ,其余各点之间均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 )。假手术组及对侧大脑半球各时间点基本上没有凋亡细胞出现。本研究从细胞凋亡角度重新认识急性缺血性脑血管病治疗的“时间窗” ,为缺血性卒中的治疗提供依据。     

组织调整材料的操作时间及固化时间的测量方法

目的利用移位式流变仪(Displacementrheometer),开发适当的测量组织调整材料的操作时间和固化时间的方法。方法使用5种组织调整材料。每个材料在23℃和37℃条件下各测量3次。在23℃下发生最初弹性回复的时间定义为操作时间,在37℃下弹性复原率表现为稳定数据的时间定义为固化时间。结果各个组织调整材料的操作时间和固化时间有显著性差异,显示出不同的固化行为。5种组织调整材料中SR的操作时间最短,为(2.7±0.2)min,VG的操作时间最长,为(15.7±0.5)min。VG的固化时间最长〔(25.0±0.8)min〕,SR的固化时间最短〔(7.7±1.9)min〕。结论移位式流变仪方法可以用于测量组织调整材料的操作时间和固化时间,并对分析组织调整材料的固化过程有重大意义。     

单侧前组鼻窦病变对鼻腔通气功能的影响

目的探讨单侧前组鼻窦病变对鼻腔通气功能的影响。方法用Acoustic Rhinometer A1鼻声反射仪和Rhinomanometer NR6-2鼻阻力计测量25例单侧鼻窦病变患者的健侧和患侧鼻腔通气功能,将二者进行对比研究。结果鼻腔0～7 cm,2～5 cm和5～7 cm的鼻腔容积(V0-7,V2-5和V5-7),距离前鼻孔2 cm、4 cm、6 cm处的鼻腔截面积(A2、A4、A6),鼻腔两处最小截面积(MCA1、MCA2)及距前鼻孔的距离(D1、D2),健侧与患侧相比较,两者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。压差为75 Pa、150 Pa、300 Pa的健侧和患侧的鼻腔气体流量和平均阻力,健侧与患侧相比较,两者之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论前组鼻窦窦口阻塞和鼻窦炎性反应对鼻声反射和鼻阻力的测量结果无明显影响。