安庆市农村高血压患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与肾功能轻度下降的关系

目的 评估高血压患者血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与肾功能轻度下降的关系,为早期预防高血压并发慢性肾脏病提供参考。方法 本研究于2020年6—9月在安庆市农村地区采用多阶段抽样方法随机抽取7个乡镇,共纳入1 959例高血压患者,获取调查对象的一般资料、血浆LDL-C水平等信息。采用logistic回归分析LDL-C与肾功能轻度下降的关系。结果 1 959例高血压患者年龄为(69.2±7.0)岁,肾功能轻度下降患者1 231例(62.8%)。调整性别等相关因素后,高血压患者LDL-C与肾功能轻度下降呈正相关,LDL-C每增加1 mmol/L,肾功能轻度下降发生的风险增加57%(OR=1.570,95%CI:1.359～1.813)。将LDL-C三等分,与最低三分位数(T1,<2.2 mmol/L)的患者比较,中三分位数(T2,2.2～<2.9 mmol/L)和最高三分位数(T3,≥2.9 mmol/L)的患者肾功能轻度下降的风险分别增加1.028倍(OR=2.028,95%CI:1.578～2.605)和2.721倍(OR=3.721,95%CI:2.814～4.920...     

Changes in blood pressure and antihypertensive treatment in a community over four years.

In 1971 persons aged 50 to 59 years in Albury were screened for hypertension and those with diastolic blood pressure equal to or over 110 mm Hg were notified. On screening of the sample in 1975, the proportion of persons receiving treatment had doubled to 22%. Most of those newly receiving treatment in 1975 had had diastolic blood pressures under 110 mm Hg in 1971. The mean systolic and diastolic pressures of the newly treated group had fallen by 13-7 and 9-1 mm Hg respectively to 153-5 and 91-6 mm Hg. The mean pressures of subjects already receiving treatment in 1971 and continuing it remained higher (163-1 mm Hg systolic and 100-9 mm Hg diastolic), despite their receiving relatively more medication. The latter group was composed of patients likely to have had more severe hypertension originally, and the importance of effective treatment for them is emphasized. The frequency with which subjects with mild hypertension are being treated demonstrates the urgent need to complete randomized controlled trials of treatment in this group.     

Age-related characteristics of ambulatory blood pressure load and mean blood pressure in normotensive subjects

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has become increasingly popular for diagnosing and treating hypertension. However, data from normotensive subjects are needed for interpretation of hypertensive readings. Ambulatory blood pressure was monitored in 126 normotensive subjects (age range, 20 to 84 years). Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and blood pressure loads (percentage of systolic readings greater than 140 mm Hg and diastolic readings greater than 90 mm Hg) were obtained and interpreted. Mean awake systolic and diastolic pressures ranged from 125 +/- 10 to 137 +/- 17 mm Hg and 70 +/- 8 to 71 +/- 9 mm Hg, respectively. The systolic and diastolic trends of subjects' blood pressures taken during office visits and the 24-hour measurements were similar. Ranges for systolic and diastolic blood pressure loads from youngest to oldest ages were 9% +/- 14% to 25% +/- 20% and 3% +/- 7% to 4% +/- 7%, respectively. A comparison of blood pressure means from our sample that were taken during office visits and blood pressure means from a 2122-patient community survey demonstrated that our sample was reflective of an unselected population.     

荔城社区高血压危险分层及综合防治策略研究

目的对荔城社区高血压患者进行综合防治干预,对综合防御措施的效果进行探讨。方法收集荔城社区364例高血压患者。结合血压水平对患者进行危险分层,临床采用综合防治策略进行干预,包括健康教育、行为干预、定期随访等。对干预前后患者血压、胆固醇指标、高血压知识水平和行为改变,以及危险分层人数的变化进行对比。结果经18个月干预,患者血压水平显著性降低,收缩压和舒张压分别为（127．93±13．76）、（70．24±9．67）mmHg,显著低于干预前的（157．54±18．34）、（85．54±12．05）mmHg,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;干预后三酰甘油、总胆固醇水平分别为（1．49±0．29）、（4．83±0．69）mmol／L,显著低于干预前的（2．43±0．29）、（6．33±0．67）mmol／L,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。干预后患者高血压知识水平、相关行为改变都明显好于干预前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;干预后极高危险层和高危险层患者比例显著降低,低危险层和中危险层患者比例显著增大,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论以社区综合防治对社区高血压患者进行干预能有效地降低患者血压、胆固醇水平以及提升患者高血压知识和改善患者行为,是一种切实可行的综合防治措施。     

Isolated systolic hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Initial findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study.

OBJECTIVE--To assess the association between isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and subclinical disease in adults aged 65 years and above. DESIGN--Medicare eligibility lists were used to obtain a representative sample of 5201 community-dwelling elderly persons for the Cardiovascular Health Study, a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute--sponsored cohort study of risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke. In this cross-sectional analysis of baseline data, we excluded 3012 participants who were receiving antihypertensive medications, had clinical cardiovascular disease, or had a diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--For electrocardiogram: myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, and left ventricular mass as measures of myocardial damage and strain; for echocardiography: left ventricular mass, fractional shortening, and Doppler flow velocities as measures of cardiac systolic and diastolic function; and for carotid sonography: carotid arterial intima-media thickness as a measure of atherosclerosis. RESULTS--Among the 2189 men and women in this analysis, 195 (9%) had ISH (systolic blood pressure, greater than or equal to 160 mm Hg) and 596 (23%) had borderline ISH (systolic blood pressure, 140 to 159 mm Hg). Systolic blood pressure was associated with myocardial infarction by electrocardiogram (P = .02). Borderline and definite ISH were strongly associated with left ventricular mass (P less than .001). While there was little association with cardiac systolic function, borderline and definite ISH were associated with cardiac diastolic function (P less than .001). Isolated systolic hypertension was also strongly associated with increased intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (P less than .001). CONCLUSIONS--While cohort analyses of future repeated measures will provide a better assessment of risk, both borderline and definite ISH were strongly related to a variety of measures of subclinical disease in elderly men and women.     

How common is white coat hypertension?

Twenty-one percent of 292 patients with untreated borderline hypertension (clinic diastolic blood pressures persistently between 90 and 104 mm Hg) were found to have normal daytime ambulatory pressures (defined from a population of normotensive subjects). These patients were defined as having "white coat" hypertension, and they were more likely to be female and younger, to weigh less, and to be more recently diagnosed than patients whose pressure was elevated both in the clinic and during ambulatory monitoring. Patients with white coat hypertension did not show a generalized increase of blood pressure lability, nor an exaggerated pressor response while at work. The phenomenon is more pronounced when blood pressure is measured by a physician than by a technician. In such patients, the pressor response may be relatively specific to the physician's office and lead to significant misclassification of hypertension.     

Average daily blood pressure, not office blood pressure, determines cardiac function in patients with hypertension

To determine the presence of cardiac disease in hypertensive patients with disparities between physician and out-of-office blood pressures, we prospectively studied three groups of age-matched patients identified by both casual (office) and ambulatory blood pressures: (1) office blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg and awake ambulatory blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg or less ("office" hypertensives); (2) office blood pressure less than 135/85 mm Hg and awake ambulatory blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg or less (normotensives); and (3) office blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg and awake ambulatory blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater ("daytime" hypertensives). In the patients with office hypertension, both the left atrial index and left ventricular mass index were significantly less than in patients with daytime hypertension and not statistically different from those of the normotensive subjects. Left ventricular filling rate at rest and ejection fraction at peak exercise were significantly greater in the office hypertensive group than in the daytime hypertensive group but were no different from those of the normotensive subjects. These findings demonstrate that patients with blood pressure elevation only in the physician's office have cardiac size and function similar to those of normotensive individuals. Thus, the average daily blood pressure best predicts cardiac end-organ damage.     

北京地区人群血浆纤维蛋白原水平与10年间血压变化的关系

目的 探讨中国35～64岁人群血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平与10年间血压变化的关系.方法 采用前瞻性队列研究的方法,对1992年在北京建立的一组35～64岁队列人群共2683人的基线FIB水平和10年间血压变化情况进行分析.结果 (1)1992年北京地区35～64岁人群的血浆FIB水平中位数为3.8 g/L(3.2～4.3 g/L),FIB异常率为33.4%;FIB水平女性高于男性(P<0.01),各年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高血压组高于非高血压组(P<0.05).(2)北京地区人群10年后收缩压比1992年的血压水平升高10.0 mm Hg,舒张压升高5.0 mm Hg;FIB水平与收缩压和舒张压变化值的偏相关系数分别为0.125(P<0.01)和0.047(P<0.05),FIB异常组的收缩压升高值高于FIB正常组(P<0.01).(3)49.6%的人10年后血压分级比1992年的血压分级升高;FIB异常组的血压分级升高率高于FIB正常组(55.3%,46.8%,P<0.01).(4)在基线无高血压的人群中,FIB异常者10年后血压分级升高的危险是FIB正常者的1.46倍;而在基线时已有高血压的人群中,FIB异常者10年后血压分级升高的危险是FIB正常者的2.08倍.结论 FIB水平与血压变化有关,改善血液的高凝和高黏状态对于血压控制、尤其是高血压患者的血压控制具有一定的意义.     

Non-pharmacological management of essential hypertension

Lifestyle modifications are universally accepted, not only as the first step in the management of hypertension but also a way to prevent hypertension. The INTERSALT study of 52 communities worldwide showed that weight, among all measured characteristics except age, had the strongest, significant, most consistent and independent correlation with blood pressure. INTERSALT epidemiological data had demonstrated a positive association between sodium intake and level of blood pressure. A rigorous analysis of 23 randomly controlled trials showed that 100 mmol/day reduction in sodium intake was associated with a decline of 5-7 mm Hg (systolic)/2.7 mm Hg (diastolic) in hypertensive subjects. Excessive alcohol consumption is another important risk factor for hypertension and has been reported to account for 5-30% of all hypertension. Moderately intense exercise at 40 to 60% of maximum oxygen consumption e.g., 30 to 45 minutes of brisk walking on 4-5 days a week, can lower blood pressure. The incidence of stroke and coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients who smoke is 2-3 times greater than in non-smoking patients with comparable blood pressure and stopping smoking rapidly reduces this risk. There have been several studies showing the stress reduction with various behavioural procedures, such as yoga, relaxation biofeedback, transcedental mediation and psychotherapy benefit hypertensive patients by lowering their blood pressure.     

Screening for hypertension in a high school population.

Of 15 594 high school students (ages, 15 to 20) whose blood pressure was measured in a screening program, 350 (2.2%) has hypertensive readings (150 mm Hg or more systolic, or 95 mm Hg or more diastolic, or both). The mean blood pressure for the boys was 125.0 plus or minus 12.1/71.8 plus or minus 10.9 mm Hg, and for the girls, 119.8 plus or minus 10.2/72.3 plus or minus 9.2 mm Hg. The parents of the students with hypertensive readings were advised to send their children to a physician. By 6 months, of the 232 who were followed up, 156 (67.2%) has visited a physician and in 19 cases (12.2%) the physician had confirmed the hypertensive readings. Only one student, an asymptomatic 17-year-old boy whose hypertension had not previously been detected, was found to have secondary hypertension, which was relieved surgically. Of the 18 hypertensive students 4 are currently receiving antihypertensive medication and 8 continue to have their blood pressure monitored. The mean blood pressures recorded in the physicians' offices averaged 23.7/11.1 mm Hg less than those recorded in the schools. One reason for this was that none of the physicians used pediatric cuffs, but these were required by 62.4% of the students at the screening. Hence, the intravascular blood pressure was probably underestimated in a number of cases in the physicians' offices.     

Community care compared with hospital outpatient care for hypertensive patients

Three hundred and seventy-six patients with treated diastolic blood pressures of less than 105 mm Hg and no history of accelerated hypertension or renal failure were selected from among those attending the Hammersmith Hospital hypertension clinic. Their average lying treated blood pressure was 146 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic and average age 56 years; 18% were black, 6% Asian, and 76% white. The patients were mostly having multiple treatment, 90% receiving a diuretic, 35% methyldopa, 33% propranolol, 18% atenolol, 9% hydrallazine, and 7% bethanidine. They were randomly allocated to either two years of further hospital outpatient care or referred back to their general practitioners. During the two years 19 (10%) of the 187 patients followed up in hospital defaulted and three had their treatment discontinued. Twelve (6%) of the 189 followed up by their general practitioners defaulted from follow-up and nine had their treatment discontinued. At the end of the trial the average lying blood pressure was 148 mm Hg systolic and 88 mm Hg diastolic in the hospital group and 149 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic in the general practice group. The change in blood pressure was calculated for each individual and showed an average fall of 1.6 mm Hg in standing diastolic pressure in the hospital group and a rise of 1.4 mm Hg in the general practice group (p less than 0.05). The 90% confidence limits for a difference in standing diastolic pressure between the groups were 1 and 5 mm Hg with the pressure lower in the hospital group. General practice care was not quite as effective in controlling blood pressure as continued specialist supervision over two years in this selected group of treated outpatients with mild or moderate hypertension, but these results show that the discharge back to general practitioners of patients who are well controlled after hospital treatment is a sensible policy.     

Elevation of ambulatory systolic blood pressure in hypertensive smokers. A case-control study

Although smoking raises blood pressure, the office blood pressure measurements of smokers are the same as, or lower than, those of nonsmokers. To resolve this paradox, we compared the office and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures of 59 untreated hypertensive smokers with 118 nonsmoking hypertensives matched for age, sex, and race. The office blood pressures of the smoking and nonsmoking groups were 141/93 and 142/93 mm Hg, respectively. The awake ambulatory systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the smokers (145 vs 140 mm Hg). This difference was greater among patients over the age of 50 years (153 vs 142 mmHg), and absent among patients under 50 years (140 vs 139 mm Hg). Blood pressures during sleep did not differ between the two groups (121/76 vs 123/77 mm Hg). We conclude that, among white hypertensives above the age of 50 years, smokers maintain a higher daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure than nonsmokers even though blood pressure measured in the office is similar.     

Blood pressure profile in two adult male populations.

Causal blood pressure measurements were recorded in two groups of men aged 40 to 64 years; of the 7024 men in metropolitan Saint John, NB, and the 4044 men in seven suburbs of Quebec who were asked, 5840 (83.1%) and 3097 (76.6%) respectively agreed to participate. Of the Saint John group 9.0% were taking antihypertensive drugs, as compared with only 3.3% of the Quebec group (p less than 0.0001). Among the treated subjects 33% in Saint John and 53% in Quebec still had a diastolic pressure greater than 95 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). Among the participants not taking antihypertensive drugs the systolic blood pressure increased with age, but the diastolic blood pressure increased only slightly up to 55 years of age and then decreased. On average the subjects in Saint John who were not being treated had a systolic pressure 6.2 mm Hg lower and a diastolic blood pressure 3.6 mm Hg lower than their Quebec counterparts (p less than 0.0001). This difference was observed in all the age groups and was not the result of the treatment of a greater proportion of the Saint John cohort. Despite the higher blood pressures and the smaller number receiving adequate treatment in the Quebec group, the rate of death due to coronary artery disease was 10% lower than that in the Saint John group. A bias in the data from Quebec may have influenced the magnitude of the differences between the two samples, but if present it should have underestimated the blood pressures in the Quebec group and therefore not have changed the outcome.     

Significance of cold pressor on identifying individuals susceptible to primary hypertension

133 students, 74 males and 59 females, aged from 6 to 13 years, were given cold pressor test. When cold stimulation was performed, the increased systolic pressures in the hypertensive group, borderline hypertensive group, family hypertensive history group, obese group, and control group were 3.56 +/- 1.34, 2.62 +/- 1.11, 2.59 +/- 1.17, 2.50 +/- 0.97, and 2.19 +/- 0.78 (Kpa) respectively, and the increased diastolic pressures were 4.11 +/- 1.38, 3.25 +/- 1.26, 2.86 +/- 1.32, 3.35 +/- 1.25, and 2.98 +/- 1.04 (Kpa) respectively. The positive percentage were 71%, 31%, 31%, 38%, and 10% respectively. The positive percentage and the increment extent of systolic and diastolic pressure during cold pressor test in the hypertensive group were much more higher than those in the control group (P less than 0.001). Similarly, the positive percentages of cold pressor test, in the borderline hypertensive group, family hypertensive history and obese groups were also higher than those in the control group (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that cold pressor test may be significant for identifying susceptible children to primary hypertension.     

Raised plasma intact parathyroid hormone concentrations in young people with mildly raised blood pressure

To study the role of parathyroid gland activity in early primary hypertension plasma concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone were measured in 90 untreated young subjects, aged 16-29, with stable midly raised blood pressure and in 40 normotensive control subjects selected from the same population in Zoetermeer, The Netherlands. Intact parathyroid hormone concentration was significantly higher in the hypertensive than the normotensive group (2.34 (SE 0.11) pmol/l v 1.47 (0.13) pmol/l, respectively; difference 0.87 pmol/l; 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 1.21; p less than 0.0001). Serum total calcium concentration was 2.36 (0.01) mmol/l in the hypertensive group and 2.42 (0.01) mmol/l in the normotensive group (difference 0.06 mmol/l; 95% confidence interval 0.02 to 0.09; p = 0.02). Urinary calcium excretion over 24 hours did not differ significantly between the two groups (4.17 (0.28) mmol/24 h in the hypertensive group and 3.89 (0.39) mmol/24 h in the normotensive group; difference 0.28 mmol/24 h; 95% confidence interval -0.66 to 1.22). In the hypertensive group both systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased slightly though significantly with intact parathyroid hormone concentrations. No obvious associations between serum calcium concentration and blood pressure were observed. These findings support the view that enhanced activity of the parathyroid gland may play a part in the early stage of primary hypertension.     

血清总胆红素水平检测在脑梗死突发事件中的应用

目的 观察分析血清总胆红素水平检测在脑梗死突发事件中的相关应用.方法 选取2013年9月至2015年7月德宏州人民医院收治的脑梗死患者 (发病≤2周) 62例作为观察组, 另选取同期体检正常者62例作为对照组.观察比较2组受试者入院72 h内的血清总胆红素、血脂、血糖等生化指标水平.结果 观察组患者的三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、舒张压、收缩压、空腹血糖均显著高于对照组[ (1.85±0.36) mmol/L vs (1.36±0.21) mmol/L, (4.9±1.5) mmol/L vs (4.5±1.1) mmol/L, (1.56±0.39) mmol/L vs (1.43±0.28) mmol/L, (83.1±11.5) mm Hg vs (75.2±10.3) mm Hg, (132.5±22.4) mm Hg vs (117.3±19.8) mm Hg, (5.9±0.3) mmol/L vs (5.3±0.9) mmol/L], 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于对照组[ (2.01±0.29) mmol/L vs (2.41±0.37) mmol/L].观察组患者的血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素显著均高于对照组[ (15.1±3.8) μmol/L vs (12.1±3.5) μmol/L, (4.6±1.1) μmol/L vs (3.9±1.3) μmol/L, (10.5±2.1) μmol/L vs (8.1±1.4) μmol/L] (P<0.05) .不同程度神经功能缺损患者总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素比较差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05) .预后良好组患者总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素水平均显著高于预后不良组[ (16.1±3.7) μmol/L比 (11.9±2.9) μmol/L、 (4.9±1.1) μmol/L比 (3.6±1.1) μmol/L、 (11.2±2.1) μmol/L比 (8.2±2.3) μmol/L] (P<0.05) .结论 对血清总胆红素水平检测, 能够了解患者胆红素水平, 有利于对脑梗死患者的早期诊断和治疗, 同时判断患者预后.     

Improvement in hypertension detection and control from 1973-1974 to 1980-1981. The Minnesota Heart Survey experience

Blood pressures from a 1980-1981 survey of 1,656 adults in Minneapolis-St Paul were compared with BPs from a similar community survey of 3,475 adults conducted in 1973-1974. Mean age-adjusted BPs in 1980-1981 were 3 mm Hg lower for men and 2 mm Hg lower for women than in 1973-1974. Hypertension prevalence, defined as diastolic BP of 95 mm Hg or greater and/or use of antihypertensive medication, was essentially unchanged. In 1973-1974, however, only 40.4% of hypertensive persons had adequately controlled BPs, 13.7% were treated but had conditions that were uncontrolled, 20.4% had known hypertension but were untreated, and 25.5% had previously undetected hypertension. In 1980-1981, the respective percentages were 76.1%, 8.5%, 8.8% and 6.6%. These impressive changes in hypertension detection and control may have contributed to the recent decline in cardiovascular disease mortality in this community.     

学龄前儿童社区血压管理模式研究

背景　儿童期高血压流行率逐年增加,儿童期高血压会给人体带来长期的健康风险。儿童期高血压通常没有症状,早期诊断和治疗是关键。目前针对学龄前儿童的高血压监测管理模式尚不明确。目的　探索一种简单可行的学龄前儿童社区血压管理模式。方法　采用2010年《中国儿童青少年血压参照标准的研究制定》中血压测量方法及诊断标准,依托社区卫生服务中心于2018年1-7月对辖区内幼儿园共382名学龄前儿童进行血压筛查。根据筛查结果对不同血压水平儿童进行分类管理。结果　基于筛查结果共判定高血压儿童42名（11.0%）、正常高值血压儿童38名（9.9%）、正常血压儿童302名（79.1%）。分类管理：对42名高血压儿童进行两次复测,4名失访。将3名三次测量后均为高血压者输送至上游医院心内科门诊进行临床诊断及治疗;将筛查及复测后回落至正常高值血压的儿童（47名,12.3%）依照生活行为问卷进行生活行为干预;将328名（85.9%）血压正常儿童纳入社区卫生服务中心常规管理。该社区学龄前儿童的高血压知晓率和管理率为90.5%（38/42）。该社区男童平均收缩压和舒张压分别为（98±9） mm Hg和（55±8）mm Hg,女童分别为（95±9）mm Hg和（55±7）mm Hg,男童收缩压高于女童（P=0.001）,舒张压差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论　社区血压管理模式可针对不同血压水平的学龄前儿童进行分类管理,尤其能提前发现高血压儿童并输送至临床,对高血压儿童的早发现早治疗具有重要意义。     

Long-term follow-up of a hypertension screening program.

Of 185 people found to be hypertensive in a shopping centre screening program who went to their physician and had medication prescribed, then were contacted 18 months later, 33 had discontinued the medication at their physician's request. But of 152 who were to continue taking medication 139 (91.4%) had complied. Blood pressure had decreased to less than 160 mm Hg systolic or less than 95 mm Hg diastolic, or both, in 65.1% of the 152; was 160 to 169 mm Hg systolic or 95 to 99 mm Hg diastolic, or both, in 13.8%; was mildly or moderately decreased but still above 169 mm Hg systolic or 99 mmHg diastolic, or both, in 8.6%; and was higher than before the onset of treatment in 3.9%. Adequacy of blood pressure control was not related to age, sex, initial blood pressure values, awareness before the screening of having hypertension, or treatment for hypertension before the screening. Diuretics had been prescribed for 93.5% of the 139 patients, most often as single-pill combinations with other antihypertensive agents.     

BMI对血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白及C肽的影响

目的：探讨年龄32～56岁的健康者体质指数（body mass index,BMI）增高对血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白及C肽的影响。方法：79名健康者按BMI分为标准组（18.5≤BMI〈24,n=44）、超重组（24≤BMI〈28,n=27）及肥胖组（BMI≥28,n=8）三组,比较三组之间血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白及C肽的变化。结果：随着BMI的增高,收缩压（SBP）[（115.8±15.24）mm Hg vs（121.1±18.38）mm Hg vs（133.4±18.36）mm Hg]（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）、餐后2 h血糖（PBG）[（5.76±0.73）mmol/L vs（5.86±0.76）mmol/L vs（6.61±1.85）mmol/L],及糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）[（5.20±0.29）%vs（5.29±0.28）%vs（5.64±0.53）%]显著增高,差异有统计学意义（P=0.033,P=0.048,P=0.004）;而舒张压（DBP）[（72.57±11.14）mm Hg vs（75.81±10.04）mm Hg vs（80.71±11.31）mm Hg]、空腹血糖（FBG）[（5.73±0.52）mmol/L vs（5.48±0.54）mmol/L vs（5.85±0.61）mmol/L]、空腹C肽[（1.37±0.81）pmol/L vs（1.26±0.43）pmol/L vs（1.98±0.75）pmol/L]及餐后2 h C肽[（2.70±1.14）pmol/Lvs（2.99±1.49）pmol/L vs（3.25±1.53）pmol/L]也有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义（P=0.137,P=0.107,P=0.110,P=0.530）。结论：肥胖使血压、血糖水平增加,从而增加高血压以及糖尿病的患病风险。