三羟异黄酮对小鼠辐射损伤后造血功能的影响

目的 探讨三羟异黄酮(genistein, GEN)对辐射损伤造血功能的影响.方法 6.0 Gy γ射线一次全身照射BALB/c雄性小鼠复制出造血损伤模型.照射前24 h给予GEN灌胃(160 mg/kg体质量),分别观察照射后1、3、7、14、21、30 d不同时相点小鼠血清对粒单系集落形成单位(colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage, CFU-GM)和红系集落形成单位(colony forming unit-erythroid, CFU-E)的支持或抑制活性.结果 辐射前24 h给予GEN,辐射后该组小鼠血清造血刺激活性显著增加,使正常小鼠骨髓有核细胞CFU-GM、CFU-E形成数量明显增多,而且对CFU-GM的刺激活性较CFU-E强.同时,该组小鼠照后血清对CFU-GM、CFU-E的抑制活性明显降低,但对CFU-E和CFU-GM的抑制活性差异不明显.结论 提高辐射损伤后小鼠血清刺激活性可能是GEN防护放射性造血损伤、促进受损造血系统重建的分子机制之一.     

FOXO3A对全身照射小鼠造血系统辐射损伤的影响

目的利用FOXO3A基因敲除小鼠探讨FOXO3A在造血系统电离辐射(ionizing radiation,IR)损伤中的影响。方法 FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠和WT小鼠(FVB/N)分为野生型小鼠对照组(WT组),FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠对照组(FOXO3A~(-/-)组),野生型小鼠照射组(WT+IR),FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠照射组(FOXO3A~(-/-)+IR)四组,分别接受假照射和4 Gy X射线全身照射(total body irradiation,TBI),剂量率为0.9 Gy/min。接受TBI后14 d检测FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠和WT小鼠脏器指数、外周血和骨髓细胞计数,骨髓细胞分型,造血祖细胞(HPCs)粒细胞巨噬细胞集落形成单位(colony forming unit-granulocyte and macrophage,CFU-GM)形成能力,观察FOXO3A基因敲除对造血系统辐射损伤的影响。结果生理情况下,FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠骨髓有核细胞计数下降,HPCs比例升高(P0.05);小鼠接受4 Gy X射线TBI后14 d,FOXO3A基因敲除会加重电离辐射诱导的HPCs和造血干细胞(HSCs)比例下降,但也会抑制辐射诱导的骨髓有核细胞数下降和造血祖细胞CFU-GM形成能力减退。结论 FOXO3A基因敲除破坏造血系统稳态维持,加重TBI小鼠HPCs和HSCs的辐射损伤,对造血细胞辐射敏感性产生一定的影响。FOXO3A在造血系统电离辐射损伤中的调节作用以及能否作为防治损伤的靶点还有待进一步研究。     

川芎嗪对辐射致血虚证小鼠骨髓细胞蛋白质表达的影响

目的:观察川芎嗪对辐射致血虚证小鼠骨髓细胞蛋白质表达的影响,探讨川芎嗪补血作用的分子机制。方法:采用3.5 Gy60Coγ射线全身1次性照射,制备小鼠血虚证模型;骨髓集落细胞培养,观察并计数粒系-巨噬细胞集落生成单位(CFU-GM)、爆增型红细胞集落生成单位(BFU-E)、红细胞集落生成单位(CFU-E)、混合集落生成单位(CFU-mix)集落数;利用蛋白质组学寻找差异表达蛋白质。结果:辐射后小鼠骨髓CFU-GM、BFU-E、CFU-E、CFU-mix集落数明显减少,川芎嗪能使其显著回升并部分逆转辐射后蛋白质表达的变化,使小鼠骨髓细胞5种蛋白质表达回升,5种回落。结论:川芎嗪可促进辐射致血虚证小鼠骨髓造血祖细胞增殖,调节多种骨髓细胞蛋白质的表达,后者可能是川芎嗪促进造血细胞生长和增殖的重要机制之一。     

Toll样受体5激动剂CBLB502的辐射造血损伤保护作用

目的：研究CBLB502对辐射造血损伤的防护作用。方法C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为正常对照、60Co γ射线6.5Gy一次性全身照射对照和CBLB502照前30 min 0.2mg/kg皮下给药预防组,照前1 d和照后30 d定期检测外周血细胞数,照射后2和24 h取骨髓检测有核细胞数和集落形成数,竞争性移植方法观察骨髓造血细胞植入能力,流式细胞仪测定外周血中各系细胞比例。结果CBLB502能显著减轻60Co γ射线6.5 Gy照射小鼠的外周血中白细胞、红细胞及血小板数的急剧降低并加速其恢复,照后2和24 h CBLB502预防给药组小鼠骨髓各系造血祖细胞集落形成数均显著高于照射对照组（P＜0.01）,且预防给药可明显提高受照射小鼠骨髓造血细胞的植入能力。结论 CBLB502具有明显的辐射造血损伤保护作用。     

补肾泻肝方对辐射小鼠造血功能的保护作用

目的：探索补肾泻肝方（Bu Shen Xie Gan Fang,简称补泻方、BXF）改善辐射所致小鼠造血抑制的作用机制。方法：在急性辐射损伤模型上，观察BXF对辐射小鼠外周血象、骨髓造血功能的影响；用TUNEL法检测补泻方对辐射诱导的小鼠造血细胞凋亡的影响。结果：补泻方能显提高辐照小鼠外周血白细胞计数，显提高受照小鼠30d存活率；显增加7．5Gy受照小鼠骨髓造血祖细胞产量、内源性脾结节数量、骨髓有核细胞计数及脏器指数。小鼠造血细胞接受4Gy照射，于照后2h就可检测到显的细胞凋亡，于照后6－12h达高峰。补泻方能明显减少接受2－4Gy照射6h后辐射诱导的造血细胞凋亡。结论：补泻方改善辐射所致小鼠造血系统抑制的作用机制是与其显减少辐射所致的造血细胞凋亡有关。     

三羟异黄酮对辐射损伤小鼠骨髓基质细胞的保护作用

目的　探讨三羟异黄酮(genistein,GEN)对辐射损伤小鼠骨髓基质细胞(bonemarrowstromalcells,BMSCs)的保 护作用。方法　成年雄性小鼠辐射前24h给予GEN,6.0Gyγ射线辐射后观察BMSCs的形态变化、成纤维细胞集落 (CFU -F)形成数量、BMSCs层对正常小鼠骨髓细胞(BMCs)的粘附能力以及血管细胞粘附分子(VCAM- 1)、纤维连接素(Fn) 和层粘素(Ln)等细胞粘附分子的变化。结果　GEN处理组辐射后BMSCs虽然形态上与单纯辐射损伤组在光镜下无差异, 但其CFU -F形成数量、对正常BMCs的粘附能力以及VCAM -1、Fn和Ln等细胞粘附分子的表达均较单纯辐射损伤组高而且 恢复较快。结论　GEN可减小辐射对小鼠BMSCs的损伤,促进受损BMSCs增殖、粘附功能恢复,改善骨髓造血微环境,有 利于辐射损伤小鼠造血重建,具有辐射防护作用。     

补肝肾益气血方对60C0γ射线所致小鼠骨髓造血细胞损伤的影响

目的 探讨补肝肾益气血方对辐射损伤的防护作用及机理。方法 设正常对照组、病理模型组、补肝肾益气血方高、低剂量组、阳性药物组5组。补肝肾益气血方给予补肝肾益气血药物，阳性药物组给予复方阿胶浆，其余给予生理盐水。灌胃10天后，以^60C0γ射线全身照射小鼠造成辐射损伤，观察补肝肾益气血方对辐照小鼠骨髓各细胞系变化的影响。结果 中药组能升高受照鼠骨髓增殖性红细胞量，对粒系造血细胞保护作用显著，能促进成熟淋巴细胞的生成，减少细胞退变，减轻病理损伤，能促进辐射小鼠骨髓造血机能的恢复。结论 补肝肾益气血方能促进受损骨髓造血细胞的恢复，对^60C0γ射线所致小鼠辐射损伤有较好保护作用。     

黄芪总黄酮对辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用研究

目的:研究黄芪总黄酮(Total flavonoids of astragalus,TFA)对受60Coγ射线损伤小鼠的辐射防护作用,为TFA的临床应用提供实验依据.方法:采用大剂量60Coγ射线一次性全身照射雌性昆明小鼠,制成放射损伤动物模型.小鼠在照射前3 d及照射后,以不同剂量的TFA连续灌胃14 d,观察受致死剂量60Co射线照射小鼠的30 d存活率及生存时间长短.同时,在低剂量照射组检测用药后小鼠体重、外周血指标、脾脏指数的变化.用HE染色观察脾脏的病理学改变.结果:TFA不仅能明显延长辐射损伤小鼠的平均存活天数,提高小鼠30 d存活率(P＜0.05);而且能显著降低辐射损伤小鼠外周血白细胞的下降幅度、缩短其恢复所需时间(P＜0.05);同时,TFA还能促进小鼠脾重指数的恢复,减轻辐射对小鼠脾脏的损伤程度,促进造血灶增生,加快造血功能恢复.结论:TFA具有较强的抗辐射作用,能显著提高受致死剂量60Co射线照射小鼠的存活率,降低辐射对小鼠外周血WBC和PLT及脾脏的损伤作用,其具体作用机制有待进一步深入研究.     

小鼠脂肪源Flk1+CD31-CD34-细胞促造血恢复作用观察

目的:观察小鼠成体脂肪源Flk1 CD31-CD34-细胞体内外能否促进造血恢复.方法:用小鼠脂肪源Flk1 CD31-CD34-细胞作滋养层,接种造血细胞,观察培养后1～4周造血细胞数及粒-巨噬细胞系集落形成单位(CFU-GM)的变化,并设对照组.30只经137Cs全身照射0.35 Gy的雌性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为3组,空白对照组尾静脉注射生理盐水,对照组注射骨髓有核细胞,实验组注射骨髓有核细胞及脂肪源Flk1 CD31-CD34-细胞,注射后均检测外周血和骨髓有核细胞数及CFU-GM变化,PCR检测受体小鼠体内Y染色体的表达.结果:体外实验中实验组接种后2～4周造血细胞数均高于对照组(P均＜0.05),接种后1～4周CFU-GM值均高于对照组(P均＜0.05);体内实验中空白对照组小鼠移植后10 d左右死亡,实验组小鼠外周血和骨髓有核细胞数、CFU-GM从第2周起均高于对照组(P均＜0.05),第4周实验组小鼠骨髓细胞有Y染色体表达.结论:脂肪源Flk1 CD31-CD34-细胞能促进小鼠造血恢复.     

血小板因子4的辐射防护作用

目的：研究血小板因子4(PF4)对全身照射小鼠的辐射防护作用．方法：实验分为两部分．第一部分．小鼠随机分为4组，第二部分分为3组，小鼠总数为70只．照射组和PF4保护组接受7．5Gy^60Coγ射线全身照射．观察小鼠30d存活率和存活天数．用自动细胞计数仪计数外周血细胞．测定骨髓单个核细胞数和CFU-GM的形成能力．用紫外分光光度计测定骨髓细胞内DNA的含量．用流式细胞仪测定细胞周期的变化．测定小鼠的体、脾脏和胸腺的质量．结果：PF4能够增加照射小鼠的生存率．增加骨髓细胞内．DNA的含量及骨髓单个核细胞数，提高CFU-GM的形成能力，降低造血细胞的增殖指数，增加照射小鼠的脾体比和胸体比．结论：PF4在小鼠全身照射前使用能够减少骨髓和淋巴组织的辐射损伤．可作为辐射防护剂．     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.