高血压病主动脉夹层与基质金属蛋白酶-9的关系研究进展

基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）参与并促进主动脉中层基质胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白的分裂、降解及血管再塑形，高血压病发生主动脉夹层时间质细胞的活性增加使MMPs-9大量增加并进入血循环，导致动脉血管重构、弹性减退及损伤，促进主动脉夹层的形成。     

基质金属蛋白酶2、基质金属蛋白酶9与急性肺损伤关系的研究进展

急性肺损伤是由多种肺内外因素如严重创伤、感染、休克、脓毒症和大量输血等原因引起的弥漫性肺实质损伤.各种原因引起一系列炎症细胞在肺内聚集和活化,释放细胞因子、生长因子及其他炎症介质,引起基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)的合成和活化.MMP-2、MMP-9通过破坏基底膜、促进炎症过程中有关细胞的迁移以及细胞外基质重建,在急性肺损伤...     

高血压合并主动脉夹层基质金属蛋白酶9基因-1562C/T多态性

目的探讨高血压病合并主动脉夹层患者基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）基因一1562C／T基因多态性与临床表现的关系。方法对高血压病合并主动脉夹层患者及高血压病患者用酚一氯仿法提取外周血基因组DNA,PCR-限制性片段长度多态性法确定MMP-9基因一1562C／T基因型。结果（1）高血压病合并主动脉夹层患者中,MMP-9基因一1562T等位基因频率（17．6％）显著高于高血压病患者（11．2％,P〈0．05）,两组之间3种基因型（-1562CC、-1562CT、-1562Tr）分布差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）与-1562CC基因型相比,基因型为-1562CT／TT的主动脉夹层患者累及升主动脉更多见（OR=2．063,95％CI=0．998～4．264,P=0．049）。结论MMP-9基因-1562T多态性与中国汉族人群高血压病并主动脉夹层的发病可能相关,T等位基因可能是高血压病并发主动脉夹层的遗传易感因素之一;携带MMP-9基因-1562T等位基因的高血压病合并主动脉夹层患者更多累及升主动脉,影响预后。     

基质金属蛋白酶与主动脉夹层发病关系的研究进展

主动脉夹层是一种严重威胁人类生命健康的心血管疾病,常伴有较高的死亡率及并发症率,但目前其发病原因仍不明确。文献报道主动脉夹层的发病与主动脉中层退行变有关,而基质金属蛋白酶（MatrixMetalloproteinase,MMP）在细胞外基质代谢过程中发挥重要作用,其活性或含量增加可引起主动脉中层结构蛋白的过度降解,参与主动脉中层退行变,初步表明基质金属蛋白酶在主动脉夹层发病过程中可能发挥重要作用。本文就近年来有关MMP与主动脉夹层发病关系的研究进行综述。     

血清基质金属蛋白酶9和组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1与急性脑梗死的临床关系

目的探讨脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(TIMP-1)的动态变化及对临床预后的影响。方法选择急性脑梗死患者60例,按照TOAST分型方法将脑梗死患者分为3组,心源性脑栓塞(CE)组,大动脉粥样硬化性卒中(LAA)组,腔隙性脑梗死(SA)组,每组20例;另选健康体检者20例作为对照组,分别测定急性脑梗死患者发病24 h内,第5、10天的血清MMP-9、TIMP-1含量,记录患者入院时的美国国立卫生研究所脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分;记录发病1、6个月时的Barthal指数(BI)来评价顸后。结果发病后24 h内,脑梗死各组患者血清MMP-9、TIMP-1含量较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05),其中,CE组和LAA组MMP-9、TIMP-1含量持续至第5天仍未下降.而SA组已逐渐降至正常水平。发病后24 h内血清MMP-9含量与相应时间段NIHSS评分呈正相关。近期预后较好患者发病24 h内血清MMP-9含量明显低于预后较差患者(P<0.05)。结论MMP-9与病情的严重程度有关。脑梗死后24 h内的血清MMIP-9含量是预后的独立预测因素。     

联合检测血浆D-二聚体、基质金属蛋白酶-9对急性主动脉夹层的诊断及预后判断价值

目的 研究联合检测血浆D-二聚体（plasma d-dimer,D-D）、基质金属蛋白酶-9（matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9）对急性主动脉夹层的诊断及预后判断价值。方法 以2012年1月至2016年12月期间沧州市中心医院急诊科收治的急性主动脉夹层患者200例为研究对象,记为主动脉夹层组。另取同时期沧州市中心医院急诊科就诊的胸痛患者200例记为对照组。比较两组患者病历资料、病史、血压、血浆D-D、MMP-9水平。采用受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）判断血浆D-D、MMP-9单独检测以及联合检测诊断急性主动脉夹层的效能。对急性主动脉夹层组患者随访12个月,其中死亡组31例、生存组169例。结果急性主动脉夹层组收缩压[(165.32±14.83)mm Hg比(112.57±11.76)mm Hg,t=39.415]与舒张压[(97.82±9.74)mm Hg比(86.39±8.25)mm Hg,t=16.342]分别高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。急性主动脉夹层组患者血浆D-D[(1.62±0.84)mg/L比(0.37±0.19)mg/L,t=20.526]与MMP-9[(1327.32±398.57)ug/L比(256.38±89.74)ug/L,t=37.071]水平分别高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。D-D联合MMP-9诊断急性主动脉夹层的敏感度为0.807、特异度为0.815。急性主动脉夹层死亡组患者血浆D-D[(2.43±1.02)mg/L比(1.41±0.77)mg/L,t=6.423]与MMP-9[(1745.73±414.92)ug/L比(1105.67±346.17)ug/L,t=9.165]水平分别高于生存组,差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。结论 联合检测血浆D-D、MMP-9应用于急性主动脉夹层中的诊断效能较高,可能成为患者预后评估的有效指标。     

基质金属蛋白酶13在主动脉夹层患者表达水平的研究

目的探讨主动脉夹层患者血清基质金属蛋白酶13(matrix metalloproteinases,MMP13)表达水平的改变。方法采集经主动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影(CTA)及主动脉造影确诊主动脉夹层患者60例的血液标本,利用酶联免疫吸附测定方法(ELISA)测定血清MMP13浓度;同时测定30例年龄、性别相匹配健康者的血清MMP13浓度。结果主动脉夹层患者的血清MMP13浓度较正常对照组升高,差异有统计学意义[(41.94±4.34)ng/mLvs.(20.20±1.86)ng/mL,P0.01]。血压控制理想组和血压控制不理想组的血清MMP13浓度略高于血压正常组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。血压控制理想组的血清MMP13浓度反而略高于血压控制不理想组,而差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。另外,原发性高血压(高血压)病程大于5年组的血清MMP13浓度虽然略高于病程小于5年组,但是差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清MMP13浓度升高可能为主动脉夹层发病的原因之一,且与高血压病程及血压控制情况无关。     

急性心肌梗死与基质金属蛋白酶-9表达

细胞外基质重构在心血管病中扮演着非常重要的角色,例如血管瘤形成、粥样斑块破裂、以及血管内膜增生等。基质生物学研究已经应用于急性心肌梗死(AMI)后的缺血-再灌注损伤及心肌重构。细胞外基质的主要生理性调节物质是基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs),其在AMI的各个环节均起着重要的作用。本文就MMP-9与AMI的关系及其研究进展作一综述。1MMPs概述1.1MMPs结构与分类MMPs是在结构上相关的肽链内切酶家族,能降解所有细胞外基质成分,根据其底物特异性及跨膜区的结构分为胶原酶、明胶酶、间质溶解素及膜型4类。这些酶都表现出一定程度的结构同源…     

血浆基质金属蛋白酶9与急性高血压性脑出血患者血肿扩大的相关性研究

目的研究血浆基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)与急性高血压性脑出血血肿扩大的关系。方法前瞻性纳入发病后12 h内经头部CT确诊的高血压性脑出血患者,证实脑出血后4 h内抽取静脉血,检测血浆MMP-9浓度。记录患者入院时血压、头部CT特征、美国国立研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、既往病史等资料。距首次头部CT检查42～54 h内复查CT或患者意识障碍加重时即刻复查CT,与首次CT结果比较,血肿体积差≥12.5 cm3或2次血肿体积之比>1.4即为血肿扩大。分析MMP-9水平与血肿扩大的关系。结果共纳入186例患者,其中41例发生血肿扩大,发生率为22.0%。①单因素分析显示,血肿扩大组MMP-9中位数水平为112μg/L,血肿非扩大组为79μg/L;血肿扩大组入院时的NIHSS评分、首次测量的收缩压水平高于血肿非扩大组,发病至首次CT检查时间短于血肿非扩大组;血肿形态为不规则的比率高于血肿非扩大组。两组上述指标比较,差异有统计学意义。②多因素Logistic回归分析显示,除发病至首次CT检查时间短、血肿形态不规则外,血浆中MMP-9水平升高也是脑出血患者血肿扩大的独立危险因素(OR值=15.65,95%CI:5.30～46.15)。③通过ROC曲线获得MMP-9的临界值为97.5μg/L,其预测血肿扩大的敏感度是0.791,特异度是0.727。结论血浆MMP-9水平增高是急性高血压性脑出血患者血肿扩大的独立危险因素。     

金属基质蛋白酶-9与食管癌相关性的研究进展

食管癌可发生早期淋巴结及血行转移的特性使其表现出临床进展迅速并且预后很差的特性。研究表明,癌细胞浸润转移能力与其诱导产生的蛋白酶降解细胞外基质（ECM）、基底膜的能力密切相关,因此基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）引起了肿瘤学研究者们的极大兴趣。     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce long-term aortic events in patients with acute type B aortic dissection

BACKGROUND: Medical therapy gives excellent short-term outcomes for patients with Stanford type B acute aortic dissection. However, the affected aorta is often compromised by aneurysmal dilatation and rupture, resulting in poor long-term outcome. The present study investigated which antihypertensive treatment may prevent long-term aortic events in these patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study group comprised 78 consecutive patients with Stanford type B acute aortic dissection who were treated medically and followed-up for an average of 873+/-548 days. The optimal hypertensive drug regimen to reduce aortic events was determined by multivariate analyses. Of the 78 patients, 73 (94%) were discharged from hospital with medical therapy, and aortic events occurred in 13 (18%) of them (aortic rupture/recurrent dissection in 2 (3%); aortic expansion >or=60 mm in 7 (10%), rapid aortic expansion >or=10 mm/year in 3 (4%), and development of visceral/limb ischemia in 1 (1%)) during follow-up. By multivariate analysis, patients given angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) were less likely to have long-term aortic events than those without (odds ratio: 0.18, 95% confidence interval: 0.04-0.85). CONCLUSIONS: Use of ACEI is associated with a reduced risk of long-term aortic events in patients with medically treated type B aortic dissection.     

急性A型主动脉夹层患者肾损伤与超重的相关性研究

目的:心外科术后出现的急性肾损伤(AKI)是与不良预后紧密相连的严重并发症。由于研究人群的选择性偏差及不同AKI诊断标准的干扰,因此我们对主动脉A型夹层患者常温停循环下行紧急主动脉弓部手术出现AKI的发生率及危险因素进行研究分析。方法:该项研究为单中心回顾性研究,自2015年12月至2017年4月,北京安贞医院115例因急性主动脉A型夹层行紧急主动脉弓部替换手术患者。人口统计学资料、化验结果、及术前数据均来自数据库。AKI诊断标准依据全球改善肾脏病预后组织所制定指南。结果:61例患者(53.0%)出现术后AKI,处于指南中所描述第一阶段23例患者,处于第二阶段11例患者,位于第三阶段27例患者。经单因素Logistic回归分析:AKI的独立危险因素为手术时间(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.05～1.64,P=0.018); BMI增加(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.05～1.31,P=0.006)。结论:依据全球改善肾脏病预后组织所制定指南为术后AKI危险因素为超重及手术时间延长。因此对于主动脉A型夹层的超重患者术后应积极预防AKI。     

急性A型主动脉夹层术前并发严重低氧血症相关因素的回顾性分析

目的:探究急性A型主动脉夹层术前严重低氧血症的相关因素,为该并发症的早期防治提供相关依据。方法:回顾性分析于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院2015年1月至2018年2月期间,收治的505例急性A型主动脉夹层患者,根据氧合指数是否≤200 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)将其分为低氧血症(+)组和低氧血症(-)组,分析两组患者围术期指标,归纳并总结术前并发低氧血症的相关危险因素。结果:急性A型主动脉夹层术前发生严重低氧血症概率为12%(62/505)。单因素分析中有统计学意义的危险因素包括BMI、手术到发病时间、心包积液、WBC计数、cTnI、活化部分凝血活酶、收缩压、PLT计数、D-Dimer、纤维蛋白原降解产物。Logistic回归分析WBC计数、收缩压为术前并发严重低氧血症的危险因素。结论:12%的患者术前存在严重低氧血症,WBC计数、收缩压为急性A型主动脉夹层术前并发低氧血症的预测因素。     

Association of renal cyst and type A acute aortic dissection with hypertension

BackgroundType A acute aortic dissection (TA-AAD) has high mortality, with 50% of patients dying before hospital admission. Hypertension is the most common comorbidity for acute aortic dissection, and effective antihypertensive therapy is still unable to predict the risk of aortic rupture at the medium- and long-term stages. While the presence of renal cyst has been found to increases the risk of thoracic aortic disease, the correlation between renal cyst and TA-AAD with hypertension remains poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationship of renal cyst and TA-AAD with hypertension.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed in 464 hypertension patients from August 2014 to August 2019. A total of 230 TA-AAD patients were enrolled in the AD with hypertension group (age 53.79±11.31 years, male 90.87%), and matched by age, sex, and hypertension control to 234 patients without TA-AAD who were enrolled in the non-AD with hypertension group. Patients were divided into three subgroups according to the numbers of renal cysts: no renal cyst, single renal cyst, and multiple renal cysts.ResultsIn this study, the AD with hypertension group had significantly more single renal cyst and multiple renal cyst cases than did the non-AD with hypertension group. The mean age of the multiple renal cyst subgroup was significantly older than that of the single renal cyst subgroup (57.25±13.00 vs. 51.57±10.75 years) in the AD with hypertension group. There was significantly different distribution of dissection starting points and dissection ending points across three renal cyst subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that having no renal cyst significantly decreased the risk of TA-AAD in middle-aged and elderly patents, but showed no correlations with those of younger ages. Single renal cyst status also significantly decreased the risk of TA-AAD in elderly patients [odds ratio (OR) =0.129, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.029–0.575, P=0.007].ConclusionsRenal cyst status correlates with the risk of TA-AAD with hypertension in middle-aged and elderly patients, and exhibits different degrees of vascular lesion in aortic dissection. We therefore suggest that different antihypertensive standards should be adopted in different renal cyst status to more effectively prevent aortic dissection.     

Association of dissected ascending aorta diameter with preoperative adverse events in patients with acute type A aortic dissection

BACKGROUNDAcute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. AIMTo evaluate the diameter of dissected ascending aorta in patients diagnosed with ATAAD and whether the aortic diameter is associated with preoperative adverse events. METHODSA total of 108 patients diagnosed with ATAAD who underwent emergency operation under hypothermic circulatory arrest were enrolled in this study. Demographic characteristics and perioperative data were recorded. In all patients, preoperative chest and abdomen computed tomography (CT) scans were performed. RESULTSMedian age of the patients was 61.5 (52.5-70.5) years and median body mass index (BMI) was 28.2 (25.1-32.6) cm². The number of female patients was 37 (25%). Median diameter of the ascending aorta was 5.0 (4.5-6) cm and 53.8% of the patients had an aortic diameter < 5.0 cm, while 32.3% of the patients had an aortic diameter of 4.5cm and 72.0% had an ascending aorta diameter < 5.5 cm. The diameter of the ascending aorta did not differ in patients with vs without preoperative adverse events: Preoperative neurological dysfunction (P = 0.53) and hemodynamic instability (P = 0.43). Median age of patients with preoperative hemodynamic instability was 65 (57.5-74) years, while it was 60 (51-68) years in patients without (P = 0.04)CONCLUSIONAlthough current guidelines suggest replacing the ascending aorta with a diameter > 5.5 cm, most of the patients with ATAAD had an aortic diameter of less than 5.5 cm. The diameter of the ascending aorta in patients diagnose with ATAAD is not associated with preoperative adverse events.     

Resuspension of the aortic valve in acute type A dissection: long-term results

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Preservation of the aortic valve during the repair of acute type A aortic dissection (AADA) is a viable option to prevent lifelong oral anticoagulation. The study aim was to assess aortic valve function following resuspension and supracoronary ascending aortic grafting. METHODS: Among a collective of 210 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for AADA, 140 (66.7%) with resuspension of the aortic valve and supracoronary ascending graft were analyzed. Of these patients, 83 (59.3%) had a complete follow up (mean 61.2 +/- 40.8 months), with 65 of the subgroup (78.3%) being followed by computed tomography scanning and echocardiography. RESULTS: Reoperation due to severe aortic valve regurgitation was required in seven patients (10.8%). The perioperative characteristics were similar in these patients; notably, no significant difference was evident with regards to the aortic annulus diameter and the severity of regurgitation at the time of surgery. The left ventricular mass index was significantly higher in patients requiring reoperation due to aortic valve regurgitation (219.3 +/- 146.6 versus 123.9 +/- 146.6 g/m2; p <0.05). None of the patients died as a result of reoperation. CONCLUSION: The long-term functional results following resuspension of the aortic valve in AADA were very good. A close echocardiographic follow up was necessary, as reoperation of the aortic valve was required in more than 10% of the collective, with an average follow up of five years. Reoperation was mainly related to secondary dilatation of the aortic root.     

急性A型主动脉夹层术后急性呼吸功能不全的治疗

目的:探讨急性A型主动脉夹层患者在深低温停循环(DHCA)下行主动脉替换手术后,急性呼吸功能不全(ARD)发生的临床特点及治疗策略。方法:2009年2月至2011年1月,急性A型主动脉夹层患者202例,在DHCA(鼻温降至22℃)下行主动脉弓替换。ARD定义为术后72 h内发生的低氧血症(PaO2/FiO2<150),除外术后心源性肺水肿、肺部感染、血/气胸等因素引起的低氧血症。27例患者术后发生ARD,发生率13.4%(27/202)。所有患者分为两组:ARD组和非ARD组,比较两组的临床特点。ARD诊断后立即采取①肺保护性通气;②膨肺;③提高心排量等综合治疗。结果:ARD组体质量指数和DHCA时间明显高于非ARD组(P<0.05)。27例ARD患者经治疗后,26例成功拔除气管插管,仅1例因机械通气时间>7 d行气管切开,术后20 d拔除气切套管出院。ARD平均持续时间3.2 d,住ICU时间(4.5±2.1)d,ARD组无医院死亡。结论:急性主动脉夹层术后早期ARD发生率为13.4%,肺保护性通气结合综合治疗策略对于急性A型主动脉夹层术后ARD有很好的疗效。