Conversion of ABO blood groups

Progress is being made toward producing erythrocytes similar to native group O cells from A and B donors. Blood group A and B antigens are known to be carbohydrate in nature. The antigenicity is conferred by different terminal sugars. Removal of these sugars by specific exoglycosidases produces the H antigenic structure that is the determinant found on group O cells. Conditions have been developed that allow for the removal of these antigens while maintaining the metabolic and membrane viability of the red cell. Following successful autologous transfusions with gibbons, appropriately treated human group B erythrocytes are now being used in preclinical studies with normal healthy human volunteers. Results indicate that such treated cells have normal in vivo life spans in both group A and O recipients. However, the latter exhibit a transitory increase in anti-B antibody titer, the significance of which is not yet known. Similar exoglycosidic treatment of group A erythrocytes does not remove all serologically detectable A antigens. This is probably due to the presence of a second internal A antigenic site adjacent to the usual terminal A antigen on some structures. Several approaches are being used to address this problem, including projected treatment with a combination of pertinent exoglycosidases and a search for an endoglycosidase that will cleave the polysaccharide chain at a site upstream from both A antigens.     

Inherited mosaicism affecting the ABO blood groups

Blood samples from two families and three other unrelated people contain a mixture of red blood cells of two different ABO types. Previously described causes of red blood cell mosaicism have been excluded from responsibility. Other blood group systems are not involved. The phenotypes, which have been designated ABO mos, are inherited through a variant allele at the ABO locus and appear to arise from a change in regulation of an ABO gene of some somatic cells.     

Influence of ABO blood groups on primary hemostasis

BACKGROUND: Recently, the in vitro bleeding time test (IVBT) was proved to be a very sensitive screening method for the detection of vWD, showing rather good correlation between the closure time and the level of vWF. The vWF levels have been found to be significantly lower in healthy humans who are group O than in those who belong to the other ABO blood groups (non-group O). The aim of this study was to detect whether these differences in vWF levels in normal persons correspond to differences in nonvascular primary hemostasis when investigated by the IVBT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Healthy blood donors (n = 162) without evidence of hemostatic disorders, without ingestion of drugs for at least 2 weeks, and with normal in vivo bleeding time endpoints, normal factor VIII clotting activity levels, normal structure of vWF multimers, and normal ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation were examined by IVBT. IVBT was performed with two automated systems (Thrombostat 4000, VDG [TST]; and a platelet function analyzer (PFA-100, Dade Behring [PFA]). CaCl2 and ADP were used as aggregants for the two TST tests (TST-CaCl2 and TST-ADP), and ADP- or epinephrine (Epi)-coated membranes were used with the two PFA tests (PFA-ADP and PFA-Epi). RESULTS: Closure time in the IVBT significantly correlated with the blood groups, but in reverse order (as did blood volume; data not shown): TST-ADP (mean +/- SD): group O, 89 +/- 14.6 seconds versus non-group O, 82 +/- 13 seconds (p<0.01); TST-CaCl(2): group O, 154 +/- 28.9 seconds versus non-group O, 140 +/- 31.3 seconds (p<0.01); PFA-ADP: group O, 91 +/- 13.4 seconds versus non-group O, 86 +/- 11.9 seconds (p<0.05); PFA-Epi: group O, 112 +/- 15.4 seconds versus non-group O, 104 +/- 16.7 seconds (p<0.05). Donors with vWF < or =77.5 % had longer closure time than those with vWF >77.5 % (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Significant ABO-group-specific differences in nonvascular primary hemostasis could be found by IVBT. The differences are small, however, and lie within the normal range. Whether these differences have any biologic relevance can only be speculated.     

Course of breast cancer disease and ABO blood groups

The clinical records of 551 breast cancer patients were retrospectively analysed. Several parameters have been examined: age at presentation, distribution of stages at the time of diagnosis, incidence of any progression and "progression-free" interval after primary treatment, incidence of distant dissemination and distant metastasis-free interval, cancer mortality, time of survival from presentation and time of survival from detection of distant metastases (stage at presentation being taken into account in all evaluations). The results within various ABO blood groups were compared. There were no substantial differences in these parameters within different blood groups. The possible modifications of ABH (O) isoantigens on tumour cells and the immune response to these alien antigens is discussed.     

锡林浩特地区蒙古族献血人群ABO血型调查

锡林浩特地区位于内蒙古自治区中部,辖2市9旗1县,总人口98万,以蒙古族人群为主要献血人群.为了解本地区蒙古族人群ABO 型分布,同时为血库存储及临床用血提供合理的存储依据,我们于2009年5月对该地区蒙古族人群ABO血型分布进行了统计分析.现报告如下.     

疑难ABO血型血清学鉴定策略及输血探讨

<正>ABO血型鉴定是输血科(血库)最基本也是最重要的1项工作,作为输血技术人员,准确鉴定ABO血型是必须掌握的基本功。绝大多数标本ABO血型鉴定都比较简单,时日一久易产生麻痹思想,对ABO血型鉴定缺乏足够重视,出现操作不规范、观察不仔细的现象,而当遇到疑难血型时又常走两个极端,要么无从下手直接送血站的血型参比实验室做     

冠心病与 ABO 血型关系研究的 Meta 分析

目的：系统评价冠心病与 ABO 血型分布的关系。方法计算机检索 Cochrane Library、PubMed、万方数据库、中国学术期刊数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)至2014年1月31日,收集冠心病与 ABO 血型关系的病例对照研究及队列研究,按纳入和排除标准由2名评价者独立选择试验、提取资料,交叉核对并进行方法学质量评估后,使用 RevMan 5.2软件进行 Meta 分析。结果纳入17项研究,冠心病患者15988例。Meta 分析结果显示：①与对照组比较,冠心病患者中 A 血型的比例升高(OR =1.27,95% CI =1.09~1.48,P <0.01),O 血型的比例降低(OR =0.79,95% CI =0.68~0.91,P <0.01),B 血型(OR =1.04,95% CI =0.93~1.16,P >0.05)与AB 血型(OR =0.88,95% CI =0.70~1.09,P >0.05)比较差异无统计学意义;②与对照组比较,心肌梗死(MI)组O 血型的比例降低(OR =0.63,95% CI =0.45~0.86,P <0.01)。两组 A、B、AB 血型 MI 分布比较差异无统计学意义。结论 A 血型人群患冠心病的风险增加,而 O 血型则为冠心病与 MI 发病的保护因子。B 血型及 AB 血型与冠心病及 MI 的发病均无明显相关性。     

PCR-SSP技术对羊水细胞ABO血型的基因鉴定

目的通过PCR-SSP基因技术检测胎儿羊水细胞ABO血型基因型,产前诊断胎儿ABO血型。方法选取了6名孕16 W以上的孕妇,抽取羊水细胞并进行分离,提取羊水细胞DNA,运用PCR-SSP技术分析其ABO血型基因型,并通过出生后的脐带血的血型鉴定进行确认。结果 6例羊水标本均通过PCR-SSP方法检测出了ABO血型的基因型;该6名胎儿的脐带血的ABO血型与羊水细胞的血型一致。结论 PCR-SSP技术可以准确地检测胎儿羊水细胞的ABO血型。     

ABO血型次要不合外周血干细胞移植后早期血型改变1例

干细胞移植是用正常的干细胞取代患者异常造血细胞 ,以根治疾病的一种治疗手段。最近我院发现ABO血型次要不合外周血干细胞移植后早期血型完全改变 1例 ,目前国内尚未见报道 ,特报道如下。1　病例简介患者男性 ,2 2岁 ,因发热伴乏力 2 0d ,牙龈肿痛 1 7d ,于2 0 0 1年 4月 1 7日入院。入院诊断为急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)。入院第 3天开始给予VDCP联合化疗四周 ,未获完全缓解。改用DNR及CTX仍未缓解 ,遂给予MPVDCP方案治疗 ,获得缓解。 5月 30日与胞妹做移植前配型 ,测定HLA A ,B位点及混合淋巴细胞培养 ,结果表明供受者组织配型…     

Association between ABO blood groups and osteoporosis severity in Chinese adults aged 50 years and over

This study investigated whether the ABO blood groups contributed to the severity of osteoporosis in 1452 community-dwelling Chinese adults aged 50-85 years. Osteoporosis severity was scored as: F(0), no osteoporosis; F(1), osteopenia; F(2), osteoporosis; and F(3), severe osteoporosis. The proportions of adults with a non-O blood group were 55.0%, 62.0%, 70.8% and 72.6% for the groups with F(0), F(1), F(2) and F(3) osteoporosis scores, respectively. Having a non-O blood group was associated with an increased severity of osteoporosis, even after adjustment for gender, age and cigarette consumption (odds ratio 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.0, 2.9). This study demonstrated that having a non-O blood group was an independent risk factor for the progression of osteoporosis in Chinese adults with osteoporosis aged ≥ 50 years.