阴茎海绵体药物注射治疗勃起功能障碍19年1例报告

阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)是指阴茎不能勃起和(或)不能维持勃起以达到满意的性生活,是男性最常见的性功能障碍之一.ED的治疗方法多种多样,有第一线的口服药物和负压式辅助装置等;第二线的阴茎海绵体内药物注射(ICI)以及经尿道内给药;第三线的假体植入手术治疗等([1]).     

两组药物海绵体内注射治疗勃起功能障碍效果比较

目的 :为临床勃起功能障碍 (ED)治疗时海绵体内注射 (ICI)选药提供临床资料。　方法 :5 6例ED病人 ,随机分 2组 ,每组 2 8例。第 1组用酚妥拉明 2～ 10mg +罂粟碱 10～ 3 0mg ,第 2组用酚妥拉明 2～ 5mg +罂粟碱 10～15mg +川芎嗪 40mg注射液治疗。 　结果 :第 2组勃起时间、勃起硬度足以完成性交例数均优于第 1组 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论 :ICI合用川芎嗪可延长勃起时间 ,增强勃起硬度 ,减少海绵体内结节发生 ,为一种低价安全的ICI用药     

青年男子心因性勃起功能障碍治疗初探

目的：探讨青年男子心因性勃起功能障碍的有效治疗方法。方法：1996年2月～1997年6月，对36例心因性勃起功能障碍（ED）的未婚成年男子采用心理咨询、性知识讲解和性咨询，配合阴茎海绵体局部注射小剂量血管活性药物（盐酸罂粟碱3～6mg十前列腺素E_15～10μg混合液）及真空负压吸引装置（VCD）对其进行治疗。结果：22．2％（8／36）在治疗至第2周时，已能正常完成性生活，55．6％（20／36）于第一疗程结束时可以正常完成性生活，17例已经生育。88．9％（32／36）对这种联合治疗方式表示满意。结论：对于青年男子心因性ED应尽早并尽可能给予治疗；在性知识教育、性心理疏导的基础上，配合进行小剂量血管活性药物阴茎海绵体注射及阴茎真空负压吸引治疗，是一种较为有效、无创及经济的治疗方法。     

勃起功能障碍的药物治疗

勃起功能障碍的药物治疗陈斌王益鑫１９８２年Ｖｉｒａｇ［１］首先报道应用血管活性药物——罂粟碱进行阴茎海绵体注射（ＩＣＩ）治疗勃起功能障碍（ＥＤ），使ＥＤ的诊断与治疗发生了革命性的变化。虽然ＩＣＩ可以使海绵体内局部药物达到很高浓度且无全身用药的副反应，...     

勃起功能障碍的药物治疗

近年来,特别是5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂———西地那非上市以来,众多学者对勃起功能的生物化学和生理学进行了深入研究,在勃起功能障碍(ED)药物治疗的基础和临床方面取得了许多新的进展。本文综述了多种作用于中枢和外周ED治疗药物的分子及细胞作用机制,为最近ED药物研究和进展中最具争议的领域提供一些详细资料。     

血管性勃起功能障碍病人阴茎血流动力学的变化

目的分析血管性勃起功能障碍(ED)病人阴茎血流动力学的变化,提高对该病的诊断和治疗水平.方法对52例血管性ED病人分别采取海绵体内注射试验和阴茎彩色双功能超声等检查,分析其血流动力学变化.结果52例血管性ED(动脉性ED 14例,静脉性ED 26例,混合血管性ED 12例)病人在阴茎勃起的充盈、勃起、充分勃起和强直勃起期均有明显不同的血流动力学变化,表现为充盈、勃起期延长,充分勃起和强直勃起减少等.结论血管性ED会发生明显的阴茎血流动力学变化,了解该变化有助于其正确诊断和采取适当的治疗方法.     

勃起功能障碍阴茎血流动力学研究

目的 探讨勃起功能障碍(erectile dysfunction,ED)的病因诊断。方法 130例ED患者通过阴茎海绵体内应用血管活性药物,进行阴茎海绵体血流动力学和海绵体造影检查。观察并记录阴茎一肱动脉血压指数(penile brachial index,PBI)、海绵体内压(intracavermous pressure,ICP)、维持灌流率(maintenance flow rate,MFR),海绵体内压跌差(pressure loss change,PLC)等项指标及阴茎静脉血管形态。结果 130例ED中有39例为静脉漏,其中15例为动脉血供不足伴静脉漏。海绵体造影显示28例为单纯背深静脉漏,其余11例为背深静脉复合阴茎脚静脉漏。结论 阴茎血流动力学检测可作为ED病因诊断的有效方法。     

勃起功能障碍患者及不同年龄与正常人阴茎海绵体平滑肌组织学观察

目的：了解正常及勃起功能障碍（ED）患者阴茎海绵体的差异和改变对阴茎勃起的影响。方法：取10例不同年龄正常及ED病人阴茎海绵体组织，镜下观察阴茎海绵体结构变化。结果：3例ED病人阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞及弹力纤维减少。老年性阴茎海绵体平滑肌及弹力纤维明显减少。青壮年阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞及弹力纤维极为丰富。结论：阴茎海绵体结构改变对阴茎勃起功能有较大的影响。     

Neurogenic erectile dysfunction

Neurogenic erectile dysfunction is a consequence of alterations in neural pathways, autonomic, somatic, the combination of both or brain components that induce erection. This review aims to explain the physiopathological mechanisms of the most frequent neurological alterations causing erectile dysfunction and sexual disorders.     

Primary erectile dysfunction

We evaluated 67 patients 18 to 60 years old (mean age 28.5 years) with primary erectile dysfunction (absence of full sustained erections since early childhood or puberty) using a multidisciplinary approach. Organic causes of the erectile dysfunction were found in 57 of the 67 patients (85 per cent): 12 (18 per cent) had neurological, 35 (52 per cent) arteriogenic and 35 (52 per cent) venogenic abnormalities. Psychogenic factors were diagnosed in 11 patients (16 per cent), while in 4 (6 per cent) a classification was not possible. Concomitant psychogenic abnormalities were found in 39 of the 57 patients (68 per cent) with organic primary erectile dysfunction. Our results suggest that primary erectile dysfunction is caused mainly by organic factors. However, for successful therapy the frequent secondary psychogenic abnormalities must be considered.     

Vascular erectile dysfunction

Vascular etiology is present in up to 60% of the patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Both small vessel disease, such as that in diabetes mellitus, and arteriosclerosis of bigger size arteries, as in hypertension, cause arterial insufficiency and erectile dysfunction. Tobacco smoking alters the arterial hemodynamics in the penis, causing erectile dysfunction in a high percentage of advanced age smokers: pelvic arteries fibrosis and stenosis accelerates the existing arteriosclerosis. Venous occlusive dysfunction may be due to the decrease of corpora cavernosa compliance or tunica albuginea inherent anomalies. Vascular endothelial growth factor may play a role in the modulation of vascularization of the normal penile architecture. Various events, all of them important, may cause erectile dysfunction. Moreover, no cause can participate independently. A cascade of situations (including psychological factors as well as organic) may lead to erectile dysfunction. A continuous understanding of organic causes of erectile dysfunction will allow physicians to discover treatments for their correction, as well as to give confidence to the patient.     

Neurologic erectile dysfunction

Neurologic erectile dysfunction presents a diagnostic and treatment challenge to the internist and urologist. Multiple chronic disease modalities and traumatic etiologies exist. Education regarding these conditions and a detailed and thorough history and office work-up are the best resources for the clinician. Treatment can follow the model of proceeding from the least to most invasive procedure (process of care), taking into account patient and partner satisfaction. Because the psychology of grief and loss may enter into treatment of some neurologic conditions (e.g., erectile dysfunction after radical retropubic prostatectomy, spinal cord injury, or chronic diseases), a whole-patient approach encompassing psychotherapy is warranted.     

Pharmacotherapy of erectile dysfunction

Summary Pharmacotherapy of erectile dysfunction comprises oral and local application of drugs. Today, Yohimbin is the only drug listed for this indication. Yohimbin acts via central alpha-receptor blockade and showed a significant effect in a recent double blind study compared to placebo. The centrally acting substances Apomorphin and Trazodone were also tested for their potential use with Apomorphin showing promising results. The orally active phosphodiesterase-V inhibitor Sildenafil acts predominantly on the peripheral side; broad clinical studies demonstrated a significant effect of the drugs compared to placebo. For local use, intraurethral (MUSE) and intracavernous applications are available with PGE1 being the drug the most widely used for the moment. Since many different drugs with various modes of action and different modes of application are being developped at the moment, future pharmacological treatments will allow a more refined approach towards an individually adapted regimen.      

Epidemiology of erectile dysfunction

This review of the current epidemiological literature on erectile dysfunction (ED) suggests that approximately 5-20% of men have moderate-to-severe ED. Different definitions of ED, age distributions and concomitant medical conditions, as well as methodological differences, may explain much of the variance in reported prevalence rates. Various chronic disorders are associated with elevated rates of ED including depression, diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Such disorders are more common in the elderly, which may partially explain the elevated prevalence of ED in men over 60 y of age. Currently, up to 70% of men with ED are not treated. However, so many men experience considerable distress from their condition, that the increasing awareness of ED as well as the availability of noninvasive treatments may result in a greater proportion of patients seeking treatment, and eventually regaining satisfaction with their sex life.     

Diagnosis of erectile dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a problem that may affect up to 52% of men aged between 40 and 70. In the era of type-5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5) inhibitors, the treatment of ED can be simple and effective after the correct diagnosis which is made in the majority of cases with history, examination and some basic laboratory tests.