瑞芬太尼在声带息肉摘除术麻醉中的应用

目的：研究瑞芬太尼在声带息肉手术麻醉中的应用。方法：选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级，择期行声带息肉手术患者50例，随机分为2组，每组25例，R组采用瑞芬太尼诱导和维持麻醉，F组采用芬太尼诱导和异氟醚吸入维持麻醉，观察2组麻醉诱导和维持期血流动力学变化，术毕停药后病人自主呼吸恢复时间，呼之睁眼时间，拔管时间，定向力恢复时间和离开恢复室时间。结果：瑞芬太尼麻醉中循环波动较小，病人自主呼吸恢复时间，呼之睁眼时间，拔管时间，定向力恢复时间和离开恢复室时间较芬太尼组快。结论：瑞芬太尼可安全有效地用于声带息肉手术麻醉．     

丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉在普外手术中的应用分析

目的:对丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用效果进行分析。方法:选择82例采取腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,随机将患者分为对照组与观察组,每组41例。对照组采取吸入异氟醚的麻醉方式,观察组采取丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉方法。结果:在自主呼吸时间、睁眼时间以及恢复定向力时间方面,观察组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者采取丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉方式,效果较为理想。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼行靶控静脉麻醉效果观察

目的比较异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼或芬太尼在腹腔镜胆囊手术行靶控输注(TC I)全凭静脉麻醉时对血流动力学及恢复情况的影响。方法ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者100例,随机分为瑞芬太尼组和芬太尼组各50例;复合异丙酚行靶控血浆浓度输注并观察记录麻醉诱导、气管插管时心率、血压的变化、术毕停麻醉药后患者自主呼吸恢复、送术后恢复室(PACU)、呼之睁眼、拔管、定向力恢复和离开PACU时间;并根据OAA/S及VRS评分,记录患者意识状态、疼痛评分及副反应情况。结果2组患者在麻醉诱导时、气管插管即刻、气管插管后3 m in、气腹时及术后5 m in、拔管时血压和心率的变化、术毕停药后呼吸恢复时间、送PACU时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管后时间;拔管后即刻、回病房后1.5 h的OAA/S及VRS评分均有显著差异(P<0.05);术后瑞芬太尼组躁动和高血压发生率明显高于芬太尼组(P<0.05)。结论瑞芬太尼TC I麻醉诱导、气管插管时及术中心血管反应小,术后恢复快,正确处理并发症不失为理想的麻醉镇痛药。     

瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚在老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的观察瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉应用于老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）的安全性和有效性。方法将行LC术的40例老年腹腔镜胆囊切除患者,随机分为瑞芬太尼组和芬太尼组,每组各20例。瑞芬太尼组静脉连续泵输注瑞芬太尼,配伍丙泊酚维持,阿曲库铵间断给予。芬太尼组给予芬太尼、丙泊酚和阿曲库铵静注诱导,配以丙泊酚维持。记录不同时间点SBP、DBP、MAP、HR、SpO2变化、苏醒时间和镇静评分及术后不良反应等。结果瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚组血流动力学变化较小,术毕自主呼吸时间、呼之睁眼时间,拔管时间较短。结论瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉用于老年患者具有麻醉平稳,苏醒质量好,并发症较少的特点,是老年患者行LC术较好的麻醉方法。     

瑞芬太尼复合咪唑安定微泵输注全凭静脉麻醉的临床应用

目的：观察瑞芬太尼复合咪唑安定微泵输注全凭静脉麻醉的效果。方法：全凭静脉麻醉下随机选择胸椎、腰椎手术（A组）、腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术（B组）和胸科手术（C组）各50例患者,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,年龄18～70岁。麻醉维持采用瑞芬太尼（浓度为100μg/ml）以0.2～0.3mg/（kg&#183;小时）速率输注。通过增减瑞芬太尼的输注速率调整麻醉深度,咪唑安定以0.15～0.2mg/（kg&#183;小时）恒速输注。术毕停药。观察并记录从停药至患者呼之睁眼时间、自主呼吸恢复时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间。结果：三组患者麻醉与手术时间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。从停药至患者呼之睁眼时间、自主呼吸恢复时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间差异无统计学意义,P〉0.05。结论：瑞芬太尼复合咪唑安定使用微量泵输注全凭静脉麻醉简便易行,安全可靠。     

瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全身麻醉在腹腔镜下胆囊切除术的维持方式选择及其对血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全身麻醉在腹腔镜下胆囊切除术的维持方式选择及其对血流动力学的影响.方法:将在我院行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的92例患者随机分为试验组和对照组,前者行瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全身麻醉,后者仅用芬太尼麻醉,观察记录并比较组患者气腹前后10 min及拔管时的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间.结果:试验组不论是SBP、DBP和HR等血流动力指标,还是自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间及拔管时间均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全身麻醉能较好的稳定经腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的血流动力学,且操作简便,值得临床大力推广.     

瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚麻醉对腹腔镜胆囊切除术中血流动力学的影响

目的探讨瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉对腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中血流动力学的影响。方法将2011年8月至2013年8月阳江市人民医院收治的220例LC患者采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各110例,对照组采用静吸复合麻醉,研究组采用瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉,比较两组患者不同时点间血流动力学指标及意识状态评分情况。结果研究组患者在气腹后10 min、气腹结束及手术完毕的心率和收缩压低于对照组(P<0.05),研究组各时点间舒张压均高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组的睁眼时间、拔管时间、自主呼吸恢复时间、定向力恢复时间、离开恢复室时间均显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组在拔管后即刻、1 h、4 h、离开恢复室时间的意识状态评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉在LC中效果满意、术后患者清醒快、可保证麻醉深度,减轻患者的痛苦且避免手术室的空气污染,值得临床推广使用。     

丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼对胆囊腹腔镜手术患者麻醉效果的临床研究

目的 探讨瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的麻醉效果.方法 将86例患者随机分为瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚组(观察组)与芬太尼复含丙泊酚组(对照组),分别以瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚、芬太尼复合丙泊酚进行麻醉,比较两组在自主呼吸、拔管时间、睁眼时间、定向力恢复时间等方面的差异.结果 两组间上述值比较差异均有统计学意义.结论 丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼靶控静脉麻醉诱导平稳且苏醒完全,麻醉效果满意.     

瑞芬太尼在老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的评价瑞芬太尼用于老年腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的临床效果。方法将择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术老年患者30例随机分为芬太尼组(A组)和瑞芬太尼组(B组),观察全麻诱导,气管插管和二氧化碳气腹后血压、心率的变化以及术毕停药后患者自主呼吸恢复,呼之睁眼、拔管及离开恢复室时间。结果A组患者在气管插管、气腹后的血压、心率明显高于B组(P均<0.01),术后苏醒、拔管时间及离开恢复室时间也长于B组(P均<0.01)。结论使用瑞芬太尼麻醉,患者血流动力学更平稳,术后苏醒快、麻醉效果好和安全性佳,适用于老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术。     

骨科手术中应用瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全静脉麻醉的临床效果分析

目的 探讨瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全静脉麻醉在骨科手术中的应用和临床意义.方法 骨科患者70例,随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组选择瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚进行麻醉,对照组行芬太尼复合丙泊酚,观察2组患者的自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间,并进行数据分析.结果 2组患者在T2~T5时间点的平均动脉压、心率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);2组患者苏醒情况(自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间)差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在骨科手术过程中,瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉,麻醉诱导平稳,术中血流动力学稳定,术后恢复良好,值得在临床中广泛使用并推广.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.