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Introduction

Copper (Cu) is an essential element involved in biological processes; however, excessive Cu could be harmful because of its reactive nature. Very few studies have evaluated its potential neurotoxic effects. We aimed to evaluate the association between maternal Cu levels and children's neuropsychological development.

Methods

Study subjects were mother-child pairs from the Spanish INMA (i.e. Childhood and Environment) Project. Cu was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in serum samples taken at the first trimester of pregnancy (2003-2005). Neuropsychological development was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) at 12 months (n?=?651) and the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) at 5 years of age (n?=?490). Covariates were obtained by questionnaires during pregnancy and childhood. Multivariate linear and non-linear models were built in order to study the association between maternal Cu and child neuropsychological development.

Results

The mean?±?standard deviation of maternal Cu concentrations was 1606?±?272?μg/L. In the multivariate analysis, a negative linear association was found between maternal Cu concentrations and both the BSID mental scale (beta?=??0.051; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: ?0.102, ?0.001) and the MSCA verbal scale (beta?=??0.044; 95%CI:-0.094, 0.006). Boys obtained poorer scores than girls, with increasing Cu at 12 months (interaction p-value?=?0.040 for the mental scale and 0.074 for the psychomotor scale). This effect modification disappeared at 5 years of age. The association between Cu and the MSCA scores (verbal, perceptive performance, global memory and motor, general cognitive, and executive function scales) was negative for those children with lowest maternal iron concentrations (<938μg/L).

Conclusion

The Cu concentrations observed in our study were within the reference range established for healthy pregnant women in previous studies. The results of this study contribute to the body of scientific knowledge with important information on the possible neurotoxic capability of Cu during pregnancy.  相似文献   

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目的:探讨轻度缺铁性贫血(MIDA)对婴幼儿体格生长和智能行为发育的影响。方法:对254例定期进行儿童保健的婴幼儿的生长发育进行纵向监测,定期对体重、身高、智力发育指数(MDl)、精神运动发育指数(PDl),以及行为发育进行测试。智能及行为测试采用Bayley婴幼儿发育量表。根据2岁时有无MIDA分为病例组(104例)和对照组(150例)。结果:病例组2岁体重、身高都较对照组低,体重差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),1~2岁男女婴幼儿体重年增长率都较对照组低(P<0.01,P<0.05)。2岁MIDA患儿MDI、PDI明显低于对照组,两组智能发育水平存在显著性差异(P<0.0001,P<0.01,P<0.05),且MIDA患儿血红蛋白水平与其MDI和PDI分值呈正相关(P<0.01)。MIDA患儿与背景资料相同的同龄儿相比,存在社交退缩、不快乐、注意力持续时间短、易疲劳、手指及手腕的精细运动协调性差等行为问题(P<0.05)。结论:MIDA对婴幼儿体格生长和智能行为发育均产生不良影响,积极防治缺铁性贫血对保证婴幼儿正常生长发育具有重要现实意义。  相似文献   

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目的通过对已发表的文章进行荟萃分析以明确婴幼儿及学龄前儿童发生热性惊厥与缺铁性贫血的关系。 方法利用PubMed、Web of science、MEDLINE、万方数据知识服务平台、中国知网数据库(CNKI)、维普等数据库数据库(VIP)和Cochrane图书馆数据库等中英文电子数据库,收集1990年1月至2017年9月前已发表的关于3个月至6岁婴幼儿及学龄前儿童发生热性惊厥与缺铁性贫血相关性的文章。按纳入与排除标准由2名研究者阅读全文后进行文献筛选和资料提取,采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale,NOS)进行文献质量评估。Stata SE 12.0软件对缺铁性贫血是否为热性惊厥患儿风险因素进行Meta分析,计算比值比(OR),并依据缺铁性贫血诊断标准的不同进行亚组分析。 结果本研究共检出相关文献89篇,排除重复和不相关的搜索记录11篇、只有摘要的文章18篇,以及对全文进行排查:综述2篇、缺少数据9篇以及数据雷同2篇剔除,最终纳入符合纳入与排除标准的26篇文献进行Meta分析。分析结果表明:热性惊厥与缺铁性贫血具有相关性[OR=2.24,95%CI(1.758,2.854),P<0.05]。 结论缺铁性贫血是婴幼儿及学龄前儿童发生热性惊厥的风险因素之一。  相似文献   

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Iron status and anaemia in preschool children in Sydney   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the iron status of preschool children in Sydney. We assessed 678 children aged 9 to 62 months living in 32 randomly selected census collection districts in central and southern Sydney for iron status using plasma ferritin; of these 678 children, 542 had zinc protoporphyrin tests, red cell indices and haemoglobin tests. Risk factors for iron deficiency were assessed by an administered questionnaire. Overall, the prevalence of iron depletion was 10.5 per cent, iron deficiency 2.8 per cent and iron deficiency anaemia 1.1 per cent. The 24-to-35-month age group (176 children) had the highest prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia of 3.0 per cent, although iron depletion (18.7 per cent) and iron deficiency (5.4 per cent) were highest among the 9-to-23-month age group (182 children). Low iron status was related to age of under 24 months (odds ratio (OR) 2.86, 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 1.72 to 4.76). After adjustment for this age effect, the consumption of red meat fewer than four times a week was significantly associated with iron depletion (OR 2.27, CI 1.25 to 4.17) and there was a tendency for children who were being given a vitamin supplement to be less likely to be iron depleted (OR 4.00, CI 0.95 to 16.67). Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia do not represent a major public health problem in preschool children in Sydney. However, for children in the age range of 12 to 36 months there is scope for interventions to further reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia.  相似文献   

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学龄前儿童行为问题与家庭因素的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:了解深圳市学龄前儿童行为问题现状,探讨家庭因素对儿童行为的影响。方法:随机整群抽取深圳市宝安区1 024名儿童作为研究对象,采用Achenbach's儿童行为量表(CBCL)中国标准化版本及自拟影响因素调查表,进行家长问卷调查。结果:行为问题总检出率为13.15%,影响行为问题的家庭因素有父母之间关系和亲子关系、家长对儿童的态度、打骂与否、管教儿童方式和儿童犯错时家长采取的方法等。结论:家庭因素对儿童行为有重要影响,必须重视父母之间关系和亲子关系,维持家庭稳定,对儿童采取鼓励支持的教养方式有利于减少儿童的行为问题。  相似文献   

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目的:通过对肥胖婴幼儿的社区管理,探讨能够在基层使用的、实用性及可行性较强的婴幼儿肥胖的干预方法。方法:2003年1月1日~2007年12月31日对辖区内0~3岁的婴幼儿7 539人进行健康体检,共筛出超重及肥胖儿童359人,其中187名儿童经家长知情同意后作为干预组接受肥胖儿管理(干预组),逐月随访,为期半年;另172名肥胖儿童仅接受常规保健,作为对照组。干预方法采用健康教育和一对一管理相结合的方式,通过帮助家长树立正确的喂养观念,建立良好的家庭食物环境(The family food environment,FFE),培养正确的喂养行为,避免过度喂养和过度进食。结果:通过社区管理,辖区内超重及肥胖儿童发病率呈下降趋势,2007年超重及肥胖儿童发病率(1.6%,0.8%)均较2003年(5.3%,2.9%)明显下降(P<0.001);经过改变肥胖儿童的家庭食物环境,干预组儿童体重转为正常或肥胖度减轻者(77.5%)明显多于对照组(45.3%,P<0.001),且1岁以内出现肥胖的儿童干预效果较1岁以后为好(P<0.01)。结论:以建立良好的家庭食物环境为主的婴幼儿肥胖社区干预方法简单、实用,值得在基层推广。  相似文献   

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目的 了解芜湖市学龄前儿童情绪和行为问题,并分析其影响因素. 方法 随机抽取芜湖市7所幼儿园,采用基本信息问卷、儿童长处和困难问卷家长版进行调查,并对影响儿童情绪和行为的因素进行单因素和多因素分析. 结果 芜湖市学龄前儿童困难总分异常发生率为8.72%,其中多动(17.04%)、同伴交往问题(20.81%)较为突出,除...  相似文献   

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目的 探讨学龄前儿童心理行为问题与非故意伤害发生的相关性,为有针对性开展儿童非故意伤害预防工作提供依据.方法 2019年9-10月采用分层整群方法抽取合肥市8所幼儿园2 062名3~6岁儿童及其家长,采用自编问卷收集儿童过去1年非故意伤害的发生情况,采用Conners量表父母问卷(PSQ)对儿童心理行为特征进行调查.结...  相似文献   

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目的:探讨3~6岁儿童行为问题与母乳喂养的关系。方法:采用Conners行为问卷父母用量表对学龄前儿童行为问题与出生后喂养方式的关系进行研究。结果:学龄前儿童行为问题的检出率为20.91%,其中男童26.49%,女童14.41%。单因素Logistic回归分析发现纯母乳喂养是男童行为问题的保护因素(OR=0.58);混和喂养是女童的危险因素(OR=3.14);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,在校正了父母亲文化程度、父/母是否长期在外工作后,混和喂养仍然是女童的危险因素(OR=2.83),纯母乳喂养仍然是男童行为问题发生的保护因素(OR=0.57)。结论:非纯母乳喂养方式是学龄前儿童行为问题的危险因素之一。  相似文献   

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  目的  探讨芜湖地区学龄前儿童睡眠情况及与儿童情绪行为问题的关联,为改善儿童睡眠质量和情绪行为问题提供依据。  方法  2017年5月对芜湖市12所幼儿园1 158名大班儿童进行整群抽样调查,采用自制问卷调查儿童的一般情况和入睡前情况,采用《长处与困难问卷(SDQ)父母版》和《2~5岁儿童睡眠状况调查问卷》调查情绪行为及睡眠障碍问题。  结果  调查儿童情绪行为问题异常总的检出率为44.21%,其中同伴交往问题最为突出;学龄前儿童入睡前情况存在性别差异,主要体现在是否单独睡眠及睡前是否需要安慰物两个方面;41.97%的学龄前儿童检出至少1种睡眠障碍类型,其中睡眠不安的检出率女童为33.83%,高于男童的25.97%;睡眠影响学龄前儿童情绪行为问题出现,异态睡眠(OR=2.33,95%CI=1.25~4.34)和睡眠不安(OR=4.92,95%CI=1.28~19.00)增加女童该问题的风险,睡眠充足会降低此风险(OR=0.46,95%CI=0.27~0.77);异态睡眠增加男童情绪行为异常的风险(OR=1.86,95%CI=1.08~3.19),而单独睡眠降低该风险(OR=0.59,95%CI=0.37~0.95)。  结论  睡眠障碍增加学龄前儿童情绪行为问题的发生,充足的睡眠及儿童单独的睡眠习惯可减少其情绪行为问题的出现,睡眠与儿童情绪行为问题的发生具有性别差异。  相似文献   

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婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的早期诊断和预防   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的探讨改善婴幼儿铁营养状态的措施。方法通过对健康婴幼儿末梢血常规及微量元素铁测定值的分析,探索提示小儿铁营养不足的客观指标。结果 (1)婴幼儿缺铁率及贫血率与月龄有密切关系,年龄越小越易发生;(2)小细胞、低色素的发生率及缺铁率与血红蛋白的含量具有相关性;(3)随着血红蛋白(Hb)含量的增加,平均红细胞体积(MCV)和平均血红蛋白量(MCH)的均值也增加,末梢血铁元素含量也增加,具有明显的趋势性。结论检测末梢血常规及微量元素铁含量对判断婴幼儿铁营养状态有一定帮助,当Hb值正常或偏低时,若MCV小,MCH低,再结合营养发育史或铁元素含量,即可考虑小儿有铁营养不足,建议间断给予小剂量铁剂治疗或食用铁强化食品,可以增加补铁依从性,减少缺铁性贫血的发生。  相似文献   

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Iron deficiency anaemia and child development   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A developmental test was carried out to evaluate the effect of iron deficiency anaemia on child development by using Bailey Scale of Infant Development (BSID) and Enjoji Scale of Infant Analytical development (ESID). The subjects were 54 children, divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 15 infants with anaemia; Group 2: 10 infants with a past history of anaemia and Group 3: 29 healthy normal infants without anaemia formed the control group. The characteristics of infants and their family background were not different among the three groups except for the male/female ratio. The mean mental developmental index (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) of Group 1 and Group 2 were lower than that of control group using the BSID test. The mean speech development quotients of Group 1 and Group 2 were lower than that of control group in ESID. These tendencies were observed after subjects were stratified by sex. Therefore, the results of the study suggests that iron deficiency anaemia may affect child development especially speech development.  相似文献   

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目的以电话问卷的方式调查高危儿动作、视觉、听觉、语言、认知、社会等领域的发展情况。方法以台湾学前儿童发展核检表为基础,采用电话问卷,调查儿科医院2009-2011年全身运动评估(general movements assessment,GMs)筛查儿童,评价被调查儿童现阶段发育状况。结果在本次电话随访的高危儿童中,共拨打电话776个,有效应答584个,占75.3%;儿童的性别、GMs筛查次数多少和筛查正常与否、调查儿童的居住地远近没有对家长愿意或拒绝接受电话随访产生影响。结论电话问卷调查优化传统的高危儿随访工作,增加了高危儿长期随访工作的可操作性和被接受性。  相似文献   

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目的了解本市6个月~6岁婴幼儿及学龄前儿童贫血的现状。方法随机抽取5个社区的婴幼儿及学龄前儿童作为研究对象,采用全自动血细胞分析仪检测血常规。结果我市6个月~6岁婴幼儿及学龄前儿童血红蛋白贫血总检出率为12.6%,红细胞数量减少的检出率为13.0%,小红细胞低色素性的检出率为14.3%;贫血的发生率与年龄有关(P<0.01);母乳喂养和非母乳喂养及及时添加辅食和未及时添加辅食与贫血的关系也有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论贫血特别是营养性贫血的防治以2岁以下的婴幼儿为重点。  相似文献   

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