肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的临床探讨

目的　探讨肝硬化自发性腹膜炎的发病情况及有关因素。方法　对 42例肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的临床资料进行了回顾性分析。结果　肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的发生率为 9.81 % ,致病菌以G- 菌多见。结论　肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎临床特点是起病不典型 ,腹水进行性增加。腹水细胞计数和 /或细菌培养是SBP的诊断依据。预防性抗生素治疗可防止肝硬化腹水发生自发性腹膜炎。     

肝炎后肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎58例临床分析

目的:探讨肝炎后肝硬化自发性腹膜炎的发病情况及有关诱因。方法:对58例肝炎后肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的临床资料进行了回顾性分析。结果:肝炎后肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌多见。肝炎后肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎临床特点:大多数患者感染中毒症状不明显,腹膜炎体征不典型。以腹胀明显或加重,腹水短期增多,利尿治疗效果差为主要临床表现。腹水细胞计数和细菌培养是自发性腹膜炎(SBP)的诊断依据。结论:肝炎后肝硬化自发性腹膜炎可以通过应用第三代喹诺酮、第三代头孢类抗菌药物及综合支持治疗而得到控制。     

腹水浓缩回输治疗肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎50例临床观察

目的:观察腹水浓缩回输治疗失代偿期肝硬化并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎患者的临床疗效及安全性?方法:选择50例失代偿期乙肝肝硬化并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎的患者,给予常规保肝?利尿?支持等治疗的基础上,进行腹水浓缩回输治疗,平均治疗次数为(2.4 ± 0.37)次(B超示少量腹水时停止治疗),疗程为1个月?结果:该治疗可迅速改善患者临床症状和体征,降低腹水多形核白细胞数和改善患者MELD评分,取得很好的疗效,治疗过程中无严重不良事件发生?结论:本次研究为治疗失代偿期肝硬化并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎患者提供了一个新的思维方向,值得在今后临床治疗中进一步探讨使用?     

肝硬化失代偿期并发自发性腹膜炎的诊治

目的:结合临床病例分析综合肝硬化失代偿期并发自发性腹膜炎有效的治疗和预防方案。方法:随机选择肝硬化失代偿期并发自发性腹膜炎住院患者回顾性分析。结果:200例肝硬化失代偿期中确诊自发性腹膜炎患者60例,感染率30%。腹水细菌培养阳性46例,阳性率23%,以革兰阴性菌为主。痊愈18例(30%);好转20例(33.33%);无效,恶化、放弃治疗16例(26.67%)。其中死亡6例(10%)。结论:肝硬化失代偿其并发自发性腹膜炎患者症状不典型,腹水培养阳性率低,需警惕,尽早使用有效抗生素,提高患者的生存率。     

自发性腹膜炎腹水C反应蛋白的临床诊断与治疗的研究

目的本研究以肝硬化腹水患者作为研究对象,观察肝硬化腹水合并自发性腹膜炎与腹水C反应蛋白的关系。方法本研究对64例肝硬化腹水合并自发性腹膜炎患者进行腹水C反应蛋白检测,并以66例肝硬化腹水未合并感染患者作为对照。结果肝硬化腹水并发腹水感染腹水C反应蛋白浓度显著高于对照组,敏感性也高于白细胞计数、分类,腹水细菌培养。结论腹水C反应蛋白测定可作为诊断和治疗肝硬化腹水并发自发性腹膜炎的一个较敏感的指标。     

肝硬化腹腔积液并发自发性腹膜炎的病原分布及耐药性分析

肝硬化腹腔积液患者并发自发性腹膜炎在临床上较为常见 ,其发生率约为 2 0 % [1] 。一旦发生常使肝硬化加重 ,腹腔积液难以消退 ,促使肝肾综合征发生 ,最终危及患者的生命。因此 ,肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎一直是临床上极为关注的问题。本文回顾分析我院 1995— 2 0 0 1年肝硬化腹腔积液并发自发性腹膜炎患者的病原分布及细菌耐药情况 ,报告如下。1　资料和方法1.1.　标本来源　选择我院住院的肝硬化腹腔积液并发自发性腹膜炎患者 315例 ,诊断符合 1988年全国腹水会议制定的肝硬化腹水并发自发性腹膜炎的诊断标准。从上述患者腹腔积液中共分离…     

肝硬化腹水并发自发性腹膜炎的临床分析

目的:对肝硬化腹水并发自发性腹膜炎的临床效果展开分析讨论。方法:采用回顾性分析法收集肝硬化腹水并发自发性腹膜炎(SBP)患者50例。结果:在50例患者之中,24例患者治愈(48%),20例患者病情出现好转(40%),6例患者治疗无效甚至病情出现恶化(12%):其中,2例患者血压下降并伴有休克性症状(4%),1例患者出现肝肾综合征死亡(2%),1例患者出现上消化道出血死亡现象(2%)。结论:肝硬化腹水并发自发性腹膜炎的临床表现并不很典型。该病的主要病原菌是大肠杆菌,该病菌的敏感药物如第三代喹诺酮、头孢塞胯等,应作为治疗的首选药物,在临床治疗中大力推广并普及使用。     

血清及腹水中PCT、IL-17水平检测在肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎诊断中的应用

目的 通过观察肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎患者的血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17水平,旨在分析血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17水平诊断肝硬化患者并发腹膜炎的价值。方法 回顾性分析,采集我院2017年9月至2019年9月期间收治的110例肝硬化患者病历资料,根据患者是否合并自发性腹膜炎进行有效分组,其中未合并自发性腹膜炎的40例患者纳入对照组,合并自发性腹膜炎的70例患者纳入观察组,分别对比两组血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17水平,并采用双变量Pearson直线相关检验分析PCT与IL-17之间的相关性,分析血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17分别与肝硬化患者并发自发性腹膜炎的关系及其诊断肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的价值。结果 观察组血清、腹水中PCT、IL-17水平均较对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);经双变量Pearson直线相关性检验结果显示,血清中PCT与IL-17水平呈正相关(r=0.707,P＜0.001),腹水中PCT与IL-17水平呈正相关(r=0.675,P＜0.001);将肝硬化患者是否并发自发性腹膜炎作为因变量,将血清与腹水中PVT、IL-17分别作为自变量,行二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17水平过表达均可能是造成肝硬化患者并发自发性腹膜炎的主要因素(OR＞1,P＜0.05);将血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17参数水平分别作为检验变量,将肝硬化患者是否并发自发性腹膜炎作为状态变量,绘制ROC曲线,结果显示血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17参数水平分别预测肝硬化患者并发自发性腹膜炎的AUC分别为：0.973、0.950、0.916、0.949,均＞0.9,预测价值均理想。结论 肝硬化患者血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17水平过表达与其并发自发性腹膜炎密切相关,可用于早期自发性腹膜炎的风险预测及诊断,临床可考虑通过早期检测肝硬化患者血清与腹水中PCT、IL-17水平,来预测肝硬化患者合并自发性腹膜炎风险或诊断疾病的发生,这对早期疾病的风险预测、检出及干预均有重要意义。     

肝硬化腹水并自发性腹膜炎15例报告

肝硬化腹水并自发性腹膜炎１５例报告陈春娥刘玉梅张德勇（沾化县人民医院，２５６８００）关键词肝硬化；肝硬化腹水；腹膜炎；治疗我院１９９０年１月至１９９７年５月收治肝硬化病人４０例，其中并发自发性腹膜炎（简称ＳＢＰ）１５例，现报告如下。１临床资料１．１一...     

腹水腺苷脱氨酶测定在肝硬化并自发腹膜炎患者中的诊断价值

目的　探讨腺苷脱氨酶在肝硬化并自发性腹膜炎中的诊断价值。方法　采用氨比色法测定肝硬化患者腹水腺苷脱氨酶水平。结果　肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎者腹水腺苷脱氨酶水平与未并发腹膜炎者比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。且腹腔感染重者腹水腺苷脱氨酶水平又显著高于感染轻者。结论　腹水腺苷脱氨酶测定可作为判断肝硬化并发自发性腹膜炎的一个有价值的生化指标     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.