北京市7～17岁儿童青少年血压与肥胖状态的关系分析

目的探讨北京市7～17岁儿童青少年血压与肥胖状态[依据不同划分标准:体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、体脂百分比(FMP)]的关系。方法选取2004年4月至10月进行的"北京市儿童青少年代谢综合征研究"(BCAMS)中19488名7～17岁儿童青少年(男9824名,女9664名)为研究对象,按照BMI、WC、FMP标准分别划分儿童青少年超重和肥胖状态,分析其血压与BMI、WC、FMP关系,高血压状态的变化及趋势。结果各种划分标准中血压按正常、超重和肥胖组顺序依次升高;控制年龄和性别后,BMI、WC、FMP与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)成独立正相关关系(P0.001);BMI、WC、FMP超重组和肥胖组的高血压发生率显著高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001),肥胖组患高血压的相对危险度是正常组的3～7倍;BMI分组分别与FMP、WC分组组合,BMI肥胖,FMP肥胖组及BMI肥胖,腹型肥胖组患高血压风险分别是正常组的7.3和6.8倍。结论儿童青少年BMI、WC和FMP与SBP和DBP密切相关,用BMI指标预测儿童青少年高血压风险较WC及FMP更敏感;儿童青少年超重和肥胖增加高血压的发生风险,其高血压发生率随着肥胖程度增加呈现成倍上升趋势。     

人体测量指标与儿童血压的相关性研究

目的调查分析人体测量指标对儿童血压的影响。方法随机抽样检查郑州地区6 790名6~13岁儿童,测量体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、臀围(HC)、血压,计算腰围/臀围比(WHR)及腰围/身高比(WHtR),采用SPSS16.0软件进行统计分析。结果儿童高血压检出率为5.57%。控制年龄因素后采用偏相关分析发现,男、女童的BMI、WC、HC、WHtR与收缩压和舒张压均呈显著正相关(P均0.05)。无论男女,高血压组的BMI、WC、HC、WHR和WHtR的水平均高于正常血压组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。共检出肥胖儿童280名(4.12%),超重622名(9.16%)。肥胖、超重及正常体质量组的高血压比例的差异有统计学意义(P0.01),肥胖组高血压比例高于超重及正常体质量组。肥胖、超重组的收缩压、舒张压水平均高于正常体质量组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论郑州地区6~13岁儿童高血压患病率处于同年龄段儿童的中低等水平。BMI、WC、HC、WHtR与男、女童血压具有显著相关性,尤以HC较为显著。     

天津市7123名学龄期儿童腰围、臀围及相关指标特征分析

目的 了解天津市学龄期儿童腰围、臀围、腰臀比(WHR)水平及年龄、性别特征,分析其与身高、体质量及体质量指数(BMI)的关系,并探讨腰围与三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)及尿酸(UA)的关系.方法 测量7123名天津市学龄期儿童的身高、体质量、腰围、臀围,计算其WHR、BMI,记录各个年龄组男童和女童的腰围、臀围和WHR,通过两组独立样本资料的t检验分析各年龄组腰围、臀围和WHR的性别差异,并对各指标进行相关性分析.其中1 811名留取静脉血行TG、TC、HDL、LDL、UA检测.结果 儿童的腰围和臀围均随年龄的增长而增长,且男童大于女童(Pa<0.05);男童WHR无明显变化,女童WHR随年龄增长而呈下降趋势,各年龄组男童大于女童(Pa<0.05);BMI均随年龄的增长而增长,各年龄组男童大于女童(Pa<0.05);腰围和臀围分别与年龄、身高和体质量呈正相关,WHR与体质量呈正相关(男童r=0.419,P<0.05;女童r=0 241,Pa<0.05),BMI与年龄、身高和体质量均呈正相关.腰围与TG、TC、LDL、UA呈正相关(r=0.076、0.098、0.137、0.401,Pa<0 05),与HDL呈负相关(r=-0.319,P<0.05).结论 天津市学龄期儿童腰围、臀围和BMI均与身高、体质量有关,WHR与体质量有关,腰围与TG、TC、HDL、LDL、UA有关.腰围及相关指标可作为儿童肥胖及相关疾病的预测指标.     

血清谷丙转氨酶与儿童超重、肥胖的关系

目的：探讨血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）与儿童超重、肥胖的关系。方法：对年龄7～18岁的2889例正常儿童及702例超重、肥胖儿童的资料进行分析,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压,检测空腹血糖、血脂、ALT、胰岛素等生化指标,计算胰岛素抵抗指数。结果：男童ALT水平高于女童。随着体重指数（BMI）的增加,男女童正常组、超重组、肥胖组ALT水平均逐渐增加。ALT与BMI、腰围、甘油三酯、胰岛素抵抗指数等相关。在超重、肥胖儿童中,男童ALT升高组BMI、腰围、血压、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、胰岛素抵抗指数均较ALT正常组高（P<0.05）;女童ALT升高组腰围、血压、胰岛素抵抗指数高于ALT正常组,而高密度脂蛋白降低（P<0.05）。结论：ALT与儿童超重、肥胖及其引起代谢异常如血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗相关。     

郑州地区7~12岁儿童血压分布特征

目的：了解郑州地区7~12岁儿童的血压现况。方法按分层整群随机抽样法抽取郑州市3个城区和2个郊区县的5所学校6~13岁在校儿童,测量身高、体质量、腰围、臀围、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP),对相关数据进行分析。结果调查的7~12岁儿童有效人数为6460人,其中城区3206人(49.63%),郊区县3254人(50.37%);男童3525人(54.57%),女童2935人(45.43%)。男童的SBP(117.86±18.18)mmHg明显高于女童(113.82±13.11) mmHg,差异有统计学意义(t=3.16,P=0.002)。高血压发生率7.52%;其中男童高血压发生率明显高于女童,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.66, P=0.002);无论男、女童,城区儿童高血压发生率均高于郊区县,差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.15、14.39,P均=0.000)。男童的SBP和DBP,女童SBP均与年龄、身高、体质量、BMI、腰围呈显著正相关(P均<0.01)。结论郑州地区儿童青少年血压的分布特征为男性高于女性,城区高于郊区县,儿童血压与年龄、身高、体质量、BMI、腰围密切相关。     

新疆伊犁地区2438例哈萨克族儿童血压现况分析

目的：了解新疆伊犁地区哈萨克族儿童血压水平和高血压的发生状况及影响因素。方法：2009年5~6月采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取新疆伊犁地区哈萨克族学龄儿童2438例,进行身高、体重、腰围、臀围、皮褶厚度、血压测量,并计算体质指数（BMI）。结果：2438名儿童收缩压（SBP）平均水平为94±13 mm Hg,舒张压（DBP）平均水平为60±9 mm Hg,低于国内同年龄段汉族平均水平;检出高血压儿童138名,患病率5.66%（138/2438）,其中男童患病率4.38% （54/1232）,女童患病率6.97%（84/1206）,女童患病率高于男童（P<0.05）;血压及高血压患病率与BMI、腰围、臀围、皮褶厚度、性别、年龄均呈正相关。结论新疆伊犁地区哈萨克族儿童血压平均水平较国内儿童低;女童高血压患病率高于男童;肥胖与哈萨克族儿童高血压患病率密切相关。     

乌鲁木齐市家长喂养行为现状及其与儿童体重指数的相关性

目的 探讨家长喂养行为与儿童体重指数（BMI）间的相关性,为预防和干预儿童超重、肥胖提供科学依据。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市新市区7所幼儿园976名儿童,通过问卷调查和体格测量获得相关数据。结果 共发放调查问卷976份,收回有效问卷924份（94.7%）。儿童体重不足、超重、肥胖总检出率分别为3.1%（29例）、9.2%（85例）、6.7%（62例）。家长喂养行为以监督饮食水平最高,其次为限制饮食,逼迫进食水平最低。其中汉族儿童家长采用限制饮食及逼迫进食的水平高于维吾尔族儿童家长（P < 0.01）。家长喂养行为中,限制饮食与汉族及维吾尔族男童BMI均呈正相关（P < 0.01）;逼迫进食与汉族男童及女童BMI均呈负相关（P < 0.01）,与维吾尔族男童及女童BMI均呈正相关（P < 0.01）;监督饮食与维吾尔族和汉族男童及女童BMI均呈负相关（P < 0.05）。汉族及维吾尔族男童中超重/肥胖儿童其父母限制饮食得分高于正常体重儿童家长（P < 0.05）;维吾尔族男童及女童中,超重/肥胖儿童其父母逼迫进食得分高于正常体重儿童其家长（P < 0.01）;汉族、维吾尔族男童及女童中超重及肥胖儿童其父母监督饮食得分低于正常体重儿童家长（P < 0.01）。结论 乌鲁木齐市家长喂养行为状况总体较好,其中维吾尔族儿童家长喂养行为略优于汉族儿童家长。家长喂养行为与儿童BMI密切相关,其相关性在不同民族及性别间存在差异。高水平的监督饮食及低水平的限制饮食、逼迫进食可能有利于预防和控制儿童超重、肥胖的发生与发展。     

儿童至成年体质指数变化对成年血压水平的影响

目的 探讨儿童到成年体质指数(BMI)变化对成年血压的影响.方法 对1987年"北京儿童血压研究"队列人群于18年后(2005年)追访,进行身高、体重、血压测量和高血压相关器官功能检测等.结果 ①受试对象儿童期超重肥胖检出率8.7%,有86.1%的超重肥胖儿童成年后仍然超重肥胖;BMI正常的儿童中,成年后超重的比例为25.8%,成年后肥胖的比例为8.8%.②控制年龄、性别,儿童、成年两时期BMI均正常组和儿童期超重或肥胖成年BMI正常组的收缩压(SBP)/舒张压(DBP)均值水平基本一致,明显低于成年超重或肥胖组;儿童至成年持续超重肥胖组成年SBP/DBP均值水平最高,其次为儿童期BMI正常成年肥胖组和儿童期BMI正常成年超重组.③调整儿童时期血压对成年血压的影响,无论儿童期BMI是否正常或超重,只要成年BMI正常后,高血压患病率均明显低于成年超重或肥胖组,其中儿童期BMI正常,成年肥胖者和儿童至成年持续超重肥胖者,成年高血压患病率明显增加.④Logistic同归分析,儿童至成年持续超重或肥胖,成年罹患高血压的风险最强,是两时期BMI都正常者的31.5倍(95%CI=7.5～132.8);儿童期BMI正常,成年肥胖或成年超重,高血压患病风险办明显增强,分别为是两时期BMI都正常者的22.9倍(95%CI=6.0～86.6)和6.0倍(95%CI=1.8～19.9);儿童期曾经超重肥胖,成年BMI转为正常者成年高血压患病风险与两时期BMI都正常者比较为零.结论 儿童期曾经超重肥胖,成年BMI恢复正常后,血压仍可恢复正常;儿童到成年期持续超重肥胖以及BMI的过快增长均可导致成年血压水甲以及高血压患病率增加,因此,防治儿童期超重、肥胖,尤其是预防儿童期超重肥胖向成年延续以及由儿童至成年BMI的过快增长是预防成人高血压的重要措施和有效手段.     

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目的比较儿童青少年腰围与体重指数(BMI)在代谢综合征(MS)诊断中的实用价值。方法采用随机抽样的方法于2009年6月至2010年10月从南宁市14所中小学中抽取6～18岁儿童青少年7893人,分析腰围、BMI与MS各检测指标的相关性。以中华医学会糖尿病学分会(CDS)及国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)(2007)建议的MS标准应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),比较腰围及BMI的ROC曲线下面积,反映腰围及BMI诊断MS的准确性大小。结果 (1)除高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均值随肥胖增加而降低外,MS的各检测指标均值比较[除外空腹血糖(FBG)和天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)]均为肥胖组>超重组>正常组,3组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)腰围、BMI均与臀围、腰臀比、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、FBG、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关,其中腰围与FBG、TG、HDL-C、FINS、HOMA-IR的相关程度较BMI密切。(3)腰围检出MS各组分异常的灵敏性明显高于BMI,阳性预测值(除外HDL-C异常)均相对好于BMI。(4)腰围及BMI的ROC曲线下面积在CDS标准下分别为0.949和0.951;在IDF标准下分别为0.941和0.921。结论儿童青少年MS的诊断中,腰围较BMI更具诊断价值,腰围测量有助于儿童青少年MS的筛查。     

青少年儿童体质指数与血压关系探讨

目的探讨青少年儿童体质指数（BMI）与血压的关系。方法测量7963例贵阳市两城区8～17岁青少年儿童的血压、身高、体重,按WGOC标准将受检对象分为超重、肥胖及正常体重组,分析比较各组血压值差异及血压值与BMI的关系。结果①不同BMI组间收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）均值都是肥胖组〉超重组〉正常体重组（P〈0.01）;②BMI与SBP、DBP呈显著正相关（r=0.520、0.365,P均〈0.01）;控制年龄、性别、身高影响的偏相关分析显示BMI与SBP、DBP呈独立正相关（r=0.390、0.210,P均〈0.01）;③不同BMI组间高血压患病率分别为24.49%、10.76%、2.65%,肥胖组〉超重组〉非超重组（P〈0.01）;④超重、肥胖青少年儿童的高血压发病危险是体重正常青少年儿童的4倍和9倍。结论青少年儿童的BMI与血压密切相关,应重视对超重、肥胖青少年的行为干预。     

学龄期儿童血尿酸水平调查分析

目的 检测学龄期儿童血尿酸(SUA)水平,分析其与腰围、体质量指数(BMI)、血压及腰围/身高比(WHtR)的关系.方法 对2010年3-6月天津市4所中小学进行体检的1 515名学龄期儿童体检的身高、体质量、腰围、血压及SUA进行检测,按不同年龄及性别进行分组,调查不同年龄组及不同性别儿童SUA水平,并根据SUA水平进行分组,比较尿酸正常(NUA)组与高尿酸血症(HUA)组儿童腰围、BMI、WHtR及血压的关系,对SUA水平与身体测量参数各指标之间进行相关分析.结果 HUA 196例,占总人数的12.94%,男生HUA检出率(19.57%)明显高于女生(5.67%),二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HUA组与NUA组比较,BMI、腰围、WHtR、血压均明显增高,SUA水平与年龄、腰围、BMI、血压、WHtR均呈正相关.结论 儿童的SUA水平随着年龄增长而增高;学龄期儿童正常人群中已出现较多的HUA,可认为是高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、高脂血症等疾病的一个危险信号,应早期加以监测,及早控制.     

Anthropometric correlates of lipoprotein profile and blood pressure in high BMI African American children

Objective: To explore the association of anthropometric indices with lipoprotein profile and blood pressure as risk factors of cardiovascular disease, in African American (AA) children. Methods: A cross‐sectional analysis was carried out on children aged 9–13 years with BMI >85th percentile. Height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, % body fat and blood pressure [systolic (sBP) and diastolic (dBP)] were measured. Fasting plasma levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol (IDL‐C) and very low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‐C) were analysed. Results: After accounting for age, gender and pubertal status of the child, multiple linear regression models showed that waist circumference and BMIz were strong predictors for lipoprotein variables. In independent analysis, waist circumference and BMI z‐scores were found to be interdependently associated with TG, LDL‐C:HDL‐C ratio, VLDL‐C and sBPz. However, for HDL‐C, TG:HDL‐C ratio and dBPz, waist circumference was independently and more strongly associated with these risk factors than BMI. Conclusion: Waist circumference was a stronger predictor for lipoprotein variables and blood pressure in high BMI AA children than other anthropometric indices, and may be adequate as a screening test to identify children who are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.     

Moderately elevated body mass index is associated with metabolic variables and cardiovascular risk factors in Swedish children

Aim: To evaluate associations between anthropometrics and metabolic variables as well as cardiovascular risk factors among children. Methods: Subjects were recruited from a cohort of 274 healthy children in Umeå, Sweden. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure and venous blood samples were collected at age 10 years and simultaneously from parents. Results: Altogether 144 children (53%), 142 mothers and 123 fathers participated. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the children was 18 and 2%, respectively. Overweight children (above age‐ and sex‐specific cut offs corresponding adult BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²), compared to normal weight children, had significantly higher BMI already during infancy and higher S‐insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) index at 10 years. The children’s BMI was positively associated with waist (boys’ r = 0.67, girls’ r = 0.81), hip (r = 0.68), waist/hip ratio (girls’ r = 0.37), waist/height ratio (boys’ r = 0.59, girls’ r = 0.80), sagittal abdominal diameter (r = 0.75), S‐insulin (r = 0.45), HOMA index (r = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.24), mothers’ BMI (girls’ r = 0.42) and mothers’ waist (girls’ r = 0.42). Conclusion: Children at 10 years of age with moderately elevated BMI had higher levels of some metabolic variables and cardiovascular risk factors than did normal weight children, and there was a correlation between BMI and some metabolic variables as well as cardiovascular risk factors.     

Blood pressure, lipids, lipoproteins, body fat and physical activity of Singapore children

Objective: To determine body composition, coronary risk factors and physical activity and the inter-relationships of these variables in Singaporean school children.
Methodology: This study examined 1681 children (784 boys and 897 girls) from eight primary and seven secondary schools to determine percentiles for body stature and composition, blood pressure, lipids/lipoproteins and blood glucose by gender for three age divisions. An exercise and leisure pursuit questionnaire was administered to ascertain self-reported physical activity patterns. Anthropometric data and blood pressure readings were taken. Capillary blood was drawn from each child via finger prick sampling following an overnight fast. The concentrations of total cholesterol (TCHOL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glucose (GLU) were determined from plasma using a dry chemistry analyser. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and the TCHOL/HDL-C ratio were determined by calculation.
Results: While 47.7% of boys and 22.0% of girls disclosed active lifestyles, differences between the active and non-active children were found in coronary risk factors TCHOL, LDL-C, TG, TCHOL/HDL-C and per cent body fat. No differences were shown between the two groups in HDL-C, GLU and blood pressure. There was a high correlation between the various measures of body composition with the highest correlation ( r =0.806, P < 0.001) found between body mass index (BMI) and waist measurements.
Conclusions: Children in this study who reported no activity or relatively little activity were found to have TCHOL, LDL-C, TG, TCHOL/HDL-C and per cent body fat that were higher than those who reported moderately high or vigorous physical activity patterns.     

Childhood obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood obesity and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). This is a cross-sectional study in obese children and non-obese control subjects. This study included 75 obese children and 40 non-obese control children. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) values and waist and hip circumferences were measured. Fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were assayed. The carotid IMT was measured by high resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Waist/hip ratios, SBP and DBP were significantly increased in the obese group compared to the non-obese children (all p < 0.001). The total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG in the obese children were significantly different from values in the control subjects (all p < 0.001). Compared to the controls, the obese children demonstrated significant differences in a number of clinical risk factors including body weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI-standard deviation score (SDS), SBP/DBP, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist/hip ratio (all p < 0.001). Compared to the controls, the obese children showed increased mean carotid IMT values [0.52 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-0.64 mm) vs. 0.35 mm (95% CI, 0.24-0.38 mm), p < 0.001]. Univariate correlation analysis revealed that the carotid IMT was closely related to the BMI-SDS, SBP/DBP, waist and hip circumferences, serum TG, cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, fasting serum insulin level, and insulin resistance indices including the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio (FGIR), and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Multiple regression analysis showed that the BMI-SDS, TG and QUICKI were independent predictive risk factors for increased carotid IMT. Measurements of BMI-SDS, blood pressure, waist and hip circumferences, serum TG levels, the QUICKI insulin resistance index, and carotid IMT by ultrasonography are suitable in pediatric patients in a clinical setting and may be used for screening of obese children.     

原发性肾病综合征儿童24小时动态血压与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮水平的关系

目的：应用24 h动态血压监测(24 h ABPM)探讨原发性肾病综合征（PNS）儿童血压变化并探讨肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）致24 h动态血压（ABP）变化的机制。方法：对114例PNS儿童进行24 h ABP和随机血压（CBP）监测,并检测血浆肾素（PRA）、血管紧张素II（AngII）和醛固酮（ALD）水平及与24 h ABP相关关系。结果：114例PNS儿童动态血压升高101例（88.6%）,轻度、重度隐匿性高血压45例（39.5%）,非杓型血压80例(70.2%)。收缩压（SBP）血压指数与负荷大于舒张压（DBP）血压指数与负荷。PNS儿童睡眠血压指数与负荷大于醒时血压指数与负荷。PNS儿童男性血压DBP指数与负荷均大于女性儿童DBP指数与负荷。PNS组卧位血PRA、AngII、ALD水平高于正常对照组,同时PNS儿童血压升高组卧位血AngII水平高于血压正常组。AngII与SBP、DBP指数和负荷均明显正相关。结论：PNS儿童发生高血压的比例较高,其中隐匿性高血压、非杓型血压占较大比例,SBP升高较DBP明显, 睡眠血压升高更明显,男性DBP升高较女性更明显。PNS儿童RAAS水平升高可能主要通过AngII使血压上升。［中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12（10）：788-792］     

Association of adiposity measures with blood lipids and blood pressure in children aged 8-11 years

AIM: To examine the association of body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold thickness (TST) and percentage body fat (%BF) from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with blood lipids, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in children. METHODS: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 1280 schoolchildren aged 8-11 years from the Cuenca province (Spain). Data collection was conducted under standardized conditions, taking several measurements of each variable to enhance accuracy. Analyses were performed using age-adjusted correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression adjusted for age, BMI, TST and %BF. RESULTS: Correlations between %BF and apolipoprotein (apo) B, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio and DBP were higher than those for BMI and TST. In contrast, the correlations between BMI, and apo A-I and SBP were higher than those for %BF and TST. The results were similar across the sexes. The correlations between each of the three measures of body fatness, and blood lipids and blood pressure were highest in children with greatest BMI and %BF. When analyses were adjusted for the three body fatness measures, %BF showed stronger associations than did BMI or TST with blood lipids and blood pressure, with the exception of apo A-I and SBP, which were more closely associated with BMI. CONCLUSION: %BF from BIA is more strongly associated than either BMI or TST with most of the blood lipid fractions in schoolchildren aged 8-11 years.     

Waist circumference for the screening of the metabolic syndrome in children

Aim: To identify the best anthropometric predictor of the metabolic syndrome in children. Methods: Screening performance was evaluated in a clinical setting. The study included 140 children: 72 non-obese and 68 with non-syndromal obesity. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and triceps/subscapular skinfolds ratio were used as predictor variables, and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glucose, uric acid, fasting insulin, triglycerides and HDLC as metabolic syndrome variables. Results: The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.849 (95% CI: 0.780, 0.919) for BMI, 0.868 (95% CI: 0.801, 0.934) for waist circumference and 0.834 (95% CI: 0.757, 0.910) for the triceps/subscapular skinfolds ratio. No statistically significant differences were found for the three areas under the ROC curves. The point on the ROC curve closest to 1 corresponded to the 65th percentile for BMI, to the 70th percentile for waist, and to the 40th percentile for the triceps/subscapular skinfolds ratio. Conclusion: Waist circumference seems to be the best predictor of children with the metabolic syndrome in paediatric clinical settings.     

北京市学龄儿童腰围、腰围身高比分类标准对心血管代谢危险因素的筛查效度

摘要 目的 在心血管代谢危险因素单一患病率和聚集水平评估的基础上，验证和提出适合北京市学龄儿童人群腹型肥胖筛查的腰围和腰围身高比分类标准。方法 依据北京市儿童青少年代谢综合征研究的现况调查结果，笔者前期研究提出腰围的性别年龄别P80及腰围身高比0.46可作为初步筛查腹型肥胖的界值，但提出上述标准时，心血管危险因素相关指标中血脂、血糖水平是基于指末梢血的检测结果，因此有待于依据准确性更高的静脉血生化指标的检测结果进行验证。本研究从该项目调查人群中非随机选择3 525名6~18岁学龄儿童为研究对象，对其进行血压测量和静脉血生化指标检测，对儿童肥胖与脂肪肝研究中1 454名7~18岁学龄儿童，除上述检测项目外，行B超检查脂肪肝及肝功能生化检测，筛出非乙醇性脂肪肝儿童，在前期儿童腹型肥胖初筛界值的基础上，提出腰围和腰围身高比的备选分类标准，通过比较各备选标准检出心血管危险因素及其聚集的效率，对腰围、腰围身高比判定学龄儿童腹型肥胖的适宜界值做进一步的研究。结果 肥胖、高血压、血脂紊乱及其聚集的检出率均随腰围及腰围身高比的升高逐渐增加。通过比较不同腰围和腰围身高比备选界值检出上述危险因素及其聚集的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值，发现腰围超过性别年龄别P85，腰围身高比>0.48时，上述危险因素均值及其异常检出率均明显升高，灵敏度和特异度均较高，与前期提出的标准比较，在兼顾阴性预测值的同时，阳性预测值有所提高。结论 学龄儿童腰围超过其性别年龄别P85或腰围身高比>0.48时，罹患心血管危险因素及其聚集的风险均明显增加，可作为学龄儿童人群腹型肥胖筛查的腰围和腰围身高比分类标准。     

宁夏银川市城区儿童青少年不同肥胖表型与血压异常的关系

目的:了解银川市城区儿童青少年不同肥胖表型与血压异常的关系,为肥胖儿童青少年提供适宜的治疗及干预措施。方法:采用现况研究设计,以方便整群抽样的方法于2017年9月至2018年9月共抽取银川市1 047名12～18岁儿童青少年为研究对象,其中男530名、女517名,年龄(13.93±1.24)岁,并对其进行问卷调查、体格...