河南省人群丁型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学调查研究

为了了解河南省丁型肝炎病毒的人群感染情况，从１９９１－１９９３年对河南省十三个地区１１８２例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性的各型乙肝病人及无症状ＨＢｓＡｇ携带者血清标本进行ＨＤＡｇ、抗ＨＤＶ和ＩｇＭ－抗－ＨＤＶ三项标志检测。结果表明，河南省人群ＨＤＡｇ、抗－ＨＤＶ、ＩｇＭ－抗－ＨＤＶ的总感染率分别为３．０％、３．５％、３．５％、８．１％。     

249例病毒性肝炎5型血清学检测

为了解我市散发病毒性肝炎患者的病原学感染情况，本文收集了２４９例肝炎病人的血清标本进行检测，现将结果分析报告如下。 材料与方法 １．标本来源：１９９７年６月－１９９８年２月于本院传染科住院治疗的病毒性肝炎病人，临床和病原学诊断符合１９９５年制定的《病毒性肝炎防治方案（试行）》的诊断标准。 ２检测方法：全部病例均做甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、庚型肝炎病原学检查，抗ＨＡＶ－ＩｇＭ试剂由浙江省医学科学研究所提供，ＨＢＶＭ试剂由北京科卫临床诊断试剂厂提供，抗 ＨＣＶ试剂由上海科华生物技术公司提供，抗 ＨＤＶ－ＩｇＧ…     

一起戊型肝炎暴发的流行病学调查

１９９４年４月２７日至５月１５日，驻天津某部队学院发生一起戊型肝炎暴发，罹患率６．８７％。病例均为男性，年龄２０￣２４岁，症状普遍较轻。血清学检测发现，２４名病例全部抗－ＨＡＶＩｇＧ阳性，其中２３人抗－ＨＥＶ阳性，ＨＣＶ，ＣＭＶ，ＥＢＶ感染标志和ＨＢｓＡｇ，抗－ＨＢｃＩｇＭ均为阴性。用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法检测了３例病人血清和９例病人粪便的ＨＥＶ ＲＮＡ，１份血清和３份粪便标本呈阳性反应，证实这起肝炎暴     

HBsAg快速全血凝集诊断试剂盒的应用效果评价

用改进的化学交联技术将抗人红血球血型糖蛋白Ａ单克隆抗体（ＭＣＡＢ－ＧＰＡ）与ＨＢｓＡｇ单克隆抗体重组，制备出检测ＨＢｓＡｇ的双功能抗体。研制出快速全血凝集ＨＢｓＡｇ检测试剂盒（ＪＫＤ）。鉴定结果表明，该试剂盒可检测１～２．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ水平的ＨＢｓＡｇ。ＪＫＤ与ＥＩＡ和ＰＨＡ方法配对检测，符合率分别为９８．３％和９８．７％。对不同人群中ＨＢｓＡｇ检测表明，１６例ＥＩＡＨＢｓＡｇ阳性病人，ＪＫＤ１００％阳性，７９例肝炎病人阳性率为６４．６％（５１／７９），７３名献血员未检出阳性，一般人群阳性率为３．８％（２／５２）。上述结果表明，该试剂盒不仅简便、快速，而且有很好的敏感性和特异性     

临沧和昆明地区海洛因依赖者HIV及肝炎病毒感染的调查

采用酶免疫测定（ＥＩＡ）和蛋白印迹法检测云南省临沧和昆明地区海洛因依赖者３５３例血清标本的抗－ＨＩＶ，用ＥＩＡ法检测３１９例甲、乙、丙、丁４型肝炎病毒（ＨＶ）的感染指标。结果，全部标本均未检出抗－ＨＩＶ。４种ＨＶ总感染率为７８．１１％，混合感染率为４０．０７％。抗－ＨＡＶ－ＩｇＭ、ＨＢＶＭ、抗－ＨＣＶ、ＨＤＡｇ和／或抗－ＨＤ－ＩｇＭ阳性率分别为１．５７％、６３．９７％、５１．８５％和５．７９％。Ｈ     

新疆一般人群病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查研究

１９９２～１９９３年对新疆１１个肝炎监测点共检测血清４６１０人份，结果显示，抗ＨＡＶ阳性率８９．３１％，ＨＢＶ感染率３２．９３％，ＨＢｓＡｇ携带率４．６２％，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率３．１２％，抗ＨＤＶ未检出，抗ＨＥＶ阳性率８．６３％。同时对各型肝炎的人群、地区分布进行了分析。     

540例献血者肝炎病毒感染状况分析

５４０例献血者肝炎病毒感染状况分析李金星，孙德英为了确保血液质量，减少输血后肝炎的发生，我们对５４０例献血者进行了ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ抗－ＨＢｃ，抗－ＨＣＶ、ＨＤＶ－Ａｇ、ＩｇＭ抗－ＨＤＶ、ＩｇＧ抗－ＨＤｖ、抗－ＨＥＶ及ＡＬＴ、ＴＴＴ的检测。一、对...     

人群HAV和HBV感染的血清流行病学研究

在德州市农村．对１８６名健康人群间隔１年取双份血清．检测ＨＡＶ和ＨＢＶ感染标示。结果，首次检测抗－ＨＡＶ、ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｓ和抗－ＨＢｃ阳性率分别为７６．８８％、１５．０５％、４３．５５％和２５２７％、ＨＢＶ感染率为６１．２９％。各标志无性别分布差异．年龄别阳性率除抗－ＨＡＶ外．其他标志均无明显区别．１年后检测，在易感人群中．抗－ＨＡＶＩｇＭ阳性率和抗－ＨＡＶ阳转率分别为１３．９５％和１６．２８％，ＨＡＶ新感染率为３０．２３％；ＨＢｓＡｇ抗－ＨＢｓ和抗－ＨＢｃ阳转率分别为３．１６％．２０．００／和１３．０４％．ＨＢＶ新感染率为２９．１７％。提示该农村是ＨＡＶ和ＨＢＶ高感染地区．     

乙型肝炎患者感染丁型肝炎病毒的检测及意义

１９９２￣１９９４年，从本油田所属医院收取乙型肝炎患者血清２６７份，采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测ＨＤＡｇ，抗－ＨＤＩｇＭ，抗－ＨＤＩｇＧ，共检出ＨＤ患者３７例，占１３．８６％，以抗－ＨＤＩｇＭ检出最多。     

江苏省肝炎病人血清抗－HCV抗体调查

本文对江苏省不同地区１１个市（县）８１４份各类肝炎病人血清抗丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）抗体情况进行了调查。结果表明：急性散发性肝炎抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为５．７２％（２２／３８４），慢性活动性肝炎１５．４０％（５３／３４４），慢性迁延性肝炎８．１４％（７／８６），同时检测原发性肝癌病人２６例，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率２３．０８％（６／２６）。在４３０份慢性肝炎病人血清中ＨＢｓＡｇ检出率２３．７２％（１０２／４３０），抗－ＨＣＶ与ＨＢｓＡｇ两项都阳性３．２５％（１４／４３０）。在慢性肝炎中，ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性病例的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为１３．１２％（１４／１０２），ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性者为１４．２％（４６／３２８），两组间无统计学差异。     

392例HBsAg阳性急慢性肝炎和携带者血清δ系统的研究

本文应用国产丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)酶联免疫试剂对392份HBsAg阳性肝炎和携带者血清进行了抗-HD、抗-HDIgM和HDAg测定,HDV总感染率为10.7％(42/392)。其中以重型肝炎组HDV标志检出率最高,达27.8％,然后依次为慢性肝病(15.5％)和急性乙肝(5.3％),HBsAg阳性携带者无1例阳性。本研究资料提示HDV感染对HBV感染在加重肝损害、促进肝脏炎症进展及慢性化方面均起十分重要作用。HDV标志与HDV RNA的测定亦有较高的符合率(96.9％)。     

丁型肝炎病毒抗原酶联免疫诊断试剂盒（HDAG—E）的制备和应用

为了建立丁型肝炎病毒抗原酶联免疫诊断试剂,选用慢性肝炎患者的高效价抗-HD阳性血清用亲和层析法进行纯化;选用吐温20为裂解液处理血清,以裸露HDV核心部位的HDAg。本试剂采用酶联夹心法。经与澳大利亚及荷兰HEPAnoST1KA试剂盒HDAg对比,结果完全一致。与甲、乙型肝炎病毒抗原无交叉反应。用抗-HD阳性血清作中和试验确认其特异性可靠。对本院各类HBsAg阳性的肝炎患者或携带者血清测定结果,其HDAg的检出率为2.29％(9/392);国内8省、市同类病例HDAg检出率为1.37％(10/729)。临床及流行病学调查表明,本试剂可靠、实用。     

Incidence of hepatitis B, C and D infection in chronic liver diseases]

The authors tested hepatitis B (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, IgM anti-HBc, HBe, anti-HBe), C (anti-HCV) and D (anti-HD, IgM anti-HD) virus markers in the sera of 204 patients, who suffered from histologically confirmed chronic liver diseases (age: 18-72, average: 46.8 y) by Sorin Biomedica RIA and Abbott ELISA kits. On the basis of detailed virus serological tests, they obtained data indicating viral etiology in 62% of the cases. 33.3% of the patients were anti-HCV, 52.5% of the patients were HBV marker seropositive and 11.2% of the HBV seropositive cases were anti-HD seropositive. In 2% of the cases seropositivity of all the three viruses was proved. In 26% of the patients seropositivity of two viruses (HBV and HCV, or HBV and HDV) was proved. They observed severe, progressing liver diseases in patients with HBV, HCV and HDV marker seropositivity in a higher ratio than in seronegative patients. In the cases of combined virus marker seropositivity the incidence rate of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis was higher than in only HBV marker seropositive patients, but did not differ significantly from those only anti-HCV seropositive. In the cases of fought-off HBV infection the severity of the liver disease was milder than in the cases of replication and integration stage. Anti-HD seropositivity occurred in all stages of HBV infection, but active HDV infection, in most of the cases, was observed only in cases in the integration stage. Anti-HCV seropositivity was observed mainly in the fought-off HBV infection stage. Their results suggest that HCV infection, like HDV infection, may suppress HBV replication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Unexpected low prevalence of delta antibodies in the east Amazon region and S?o Paulo: evidence for regional differences in the epidemiology of delta hepatitis virus within Brazil

Antibodies (anti-HD) to hepatitis delta virus (HDV) were tested by radioimmunoassay in 207 human serum samples from the eastern Amazon (states of Pará and Amapá) and S?o Paulo, Brazil. 42 Amazon HBsAg asymptomatic carriers were negative for anti-HD. 84 S?o Paulo HBsAg asymptomatic carriers were also negative. Among the 81 HBsAg patients from S?o Paulo with different liver diseases, only one had anti-HD. Liver biopsy of this chronic active hepatitis case was positive for HBsAg, HBcAg and HDAg in liver, by an immunoperoxidase technique. The low prevalence of HDV infections in S?o Paulo and eastern Amazon was unexpected and contrasts with the recent reports of high prevalence in the western Amazon region. Such regional differences emphasize the need for extensive and precise worldwide epidemiological studies of HDV.     

重庆部分地区HDV感染的调查

本文收集了重庆部分地区乙肝患者ＨＢｓＡｇ无症状携带者血清标本２４２份，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测抗－ＨＤ，２４份阳性，阳性率为９．９１％，与其它地区比较重庆部分地区ＨＤＶ感染率较高，且郊区的阳性率明显高于市区，此结果符合以前曾报告的ＨＤＶ在我国呈地方性分布的论述。原发性肝癌病人，急、慢乙型肝炎病人和ＨＢｓＡｇ无症状携带者中，以原发性肝癌病人抗－ＨＤ阳性率较高，提示ＨＤＶ感染可能与原发性肝癌的致病有关。     

Delta infection in eastern Sicily

Sera from 619 HBsAg+ subjects living in eastern Sicily, consecutively collected from 1975–1985, were tested for markers of delta virus (HDV) infection: delta antigen (HDAg), antibodies to delta (anti-HDIg), and also for antibodies to HBcore of IgM type (anti-HBcIgM) and for the system HBe-anti-HBe. The subjects included 210 asymptomatic carriers, 238 patients with acute hepatitis and 171 patients with chronic liver disease.HDAg was not found in any of the samples. Anti-HD was found in 28/171 (16.3%) patients with chronic liver disease, in 13/210 (6%) asymptomatic HBsAg carriers and in 13/238 (5.4%) patients with acute hepatitis. None of our patients were drug addicts. One had a history of blood transfusion, and nine came from the same family unit.The prevalence of HDV infection in eastern Sicily is lower than in other areas of Sicily possibly because of the lower percentage of HBsAg carriers in the local population. Parenteral transmission of HDV does not seem to play a major role in our area, while the familial clustering suggests close body contact as an important way of spread.     

丁型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学观察

1987年4月至1988年10月间,本文应用酶联吸附法(EIA)对石家庄地区Ml例乙型肝炎病毒感染者进行了抗-HD的检测,共发现35例阳性,阳性率12.92%,其中男性阳性率14.06%(27/102),女性为10.13%(8/79),男女间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示石家庄地区可能为丁型肝炎病毒感染的高发区.在这些人群中,慢性活动性肝炎、慢性迁延性肝炎和肝硬化的抗-HD阳性率明显高于HBsAg携带者,但三者相互间差异无统计学意义,表明合并或重香感染HDV对乙肝慢性化及肝硬化的形成具有重要的意义。本研究证明在乙型肝炎病毒感染人群中丁型肝炎病毐与年龄、性别、职业等因素关系不密切。     

Evidence of a 1985-1987 outbreak of acute and chronic hepatitis in Egypt caused by a mutant hepatitis-B virus detected by spot-DNA hybridization test.

Sera from 65 acute and 113 chronic sporadic hepatitis were screened for serological markers of hepatitis-B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and for HBV-DNA. The enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and dot-DNA hybridization tests were used. Two HBV-DNA probes and their labelling systems (biotin, radiolabelling with 32P and digoxigenin) were compared for sensitivity and specificity. The 65 acute sera had serological parameters of HBV infection in 38 (58%) when all these sera were HBsAg, IgM anti HBcAg positive plus HBeAg presence in 11/38 sera. Some of the acute sera had markers of acute HBV and HDV coinfection in 14 and superinfection in 13. Thus HBV with HDV represented 27 (41.5%) of the acute hepatitis in this study. Correlation of these serological markers with dot-DNA hybridization results showed that serum HBV-DNA was present in 36/38 (94.7%) of the acute HBV infection. In the case of acute HBV+HDV positive antigenemia 4/6 had serum HBV-DNA while 10/21 of acute HBV with anti-deltaV. IgM had serum HBV-DNA. There were four cases that gave HBV-DNA positivity in sera without combination of HBV markers suggesting infection with "mutant" HBV. In the chronic hepatitis sera there were markers of HBV past infection (IgG anti HBc in 63/113 and IgG anti HBs in 36/113). Yet, among these sera there was HBV-DNA positive signals (20/63 and 17/36) respectively. Analysis of some of these HBV markers also suggested infection with "mutant" HBV.     

Delta hepatitis virus infection in China

To assess the prevalence, epidemiological features and prognostic implications of hepatitis D (Delta) in Sichuan Province, The People's Republic of China, 649 sera (515 from HBsAg positive patients and 134 from HBsAg negative subjects) were tested by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for antibody to the hepatitis D virus (anti-HD). Forty-seven sera (7.2%) showed some degree of reactivity. Serial dilutions of these sera indicated that prozoning was not responsible for the equivocal results. Thirty-four of the 47 sera were submitted under code to a second laboratory for independent analysis. According to those results anti-HD antibodies were detected in four of these sera. The overall prevalence of anti-HD in the HBsAg positive patients therefore was 0.8% (4/515). On the basis of clinical, biochemical and histological data 427 HBsAg positive sera were further divided into acute Type B hepatitis, chronic Type B hepatitis, healthy carrier state and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) subgroups. Two of 65 (3.1%) anti-HD positive sera belonged to the acute Type B hepatitis group; one of 104 (0.9%), the chronic Type B hepatitis group and one of 246 (0.4%), the healthy carrier group. No antibody was detected in sera from 12 HBsAg positive HCC patients. All HBsAg negative patients were negative for anti-HD antibody. The results of this study indicate that despite a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, positive serology for delta virus is uncommon in Sichuan Province, The People's Republic of China.