肿瘤抗原MAGE-A亚家族共同B细胞表位预测及分析

目的预测肿瘤抗原MAGE-A亚家族的B细胞表位,为基于多靶点的肿瘤疫苗设计提供依据。方法基于MAGE亚家族各成员蛋白质序列,采用Kyte-Doolittle的亲水性方案,Emini方案,Karplus方案和Jameson-wolf抗原指数方案,并辅以MAGE蛋白的二级结构柔性区域分析,预测MAGE基因家族的B细胞共同表位。结果共预测出了5条共同表位,且部分B细胞表位高度相似或一致。结论二级结构与B细胞表位相结合的预测方法为一种高效、准确的表位预测方法,可为肿瘤治疗性疫苗的设计提供实验依据。     

E血清型沙眼衣原体主要外膜蛋白B细胞表位的预测

基于E血清型沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis,CT)主要外膜蛋白(Major outer membrane protein, MOMP)氨基酸序列,采用Hopp-Woods的亲水性方案、Emini表面可及性方案、Jameson-Wolf 抗原指数方案和Janin可及性方案等,辅以对MOMP蛋白的二级结构中的柔性区域及跨膜区域的分析,预测CT MOMP蛋白的B细胞表位.推测最有可能的B细胞表位位于MOMP蛋白N端第73～81区段、217～225区段、第377～386区段、第261～270区段和第161～175区段内或它们的附近.用多参数预测CT MOMP蛋白的B细胞表位,为进一步研究蛋白特性及表位疫苗研制奠定了基础.     

肿瘤抗原MAGE—12的表位及二级结构预测

目的 预测肿瘤抗原MAGE－12的α－螺旋二级结构、B细胞表位和MAGE－12的HLA－A2限制性CTL表位。方法 用Garnier-Robson和Chou-Fasman方案预测肿瘤抗原MAGE－12的α－螺旋二级结构;用Kyte-Doolittle亲水方案预测肿瘤抗原MAGE－12的B细胞表位;用简单基序（simple motifs)和延展基序（extended motifs）对肿瘤抗原MAGE－12的HLA－A2限制性CTL表位进行预测。结果 MAGE－12可以含有较多的α－螺旋;B细胞识别的表位可能在82－93残基（QSDEGSSNEE－QE）或附近和3－14残基（LEQRSQHCKPEE）或附近;发现1个HLA－A2限制性CTL表位为FLWGPRALV（271－279）。结论 用亲水性方案和基序法预测肿瘤抗原MAGE－12的B细胞表位和MAGE－12的HLA－A2限制性CTL表位,为实验方法探索MAGE－12的表位提供有用线索。     

微小隐孢子虫SA35与SA40蛋白的B细胞抗原表位预测

目的预测微小隐孢子虫SA35和SA40蛋白的B细胞表位。方法以单参数（亲水性、可及性、柔韧性及抗原性）预测为基础,通过二级结构预测初步筛选,并以ABCpred方案作为最终验证,预测微小隐孢子虫SA35和SA40蛋白的B细胞表位。结果SA35蛋白N端103～115和129～146和以及SA40蛋白的N端77～89、127～136、156～174和200～209区段为预测的B细胞表位。结论所得表位为这两种蛋白以后应用于合成肽检测、制备相应的抗体、发展高特异性和敏感性的诊断系统以及研制疫苗等提供了理论基础。     

SARS病毒基因组所编码的E蛋白的二级结构和B细胞表位预测

目的：预测SARS病毒E蛋白的B细胞表位和二级结构。方法：以SARS病毒基因组序列为基础，采用Garnier-Robson方法、Chou-Fasman方法和Karplus-Schuhz方法预测E蛋白质的二级结构；用Kyte-Doohttle方案预测蛋白质的亲水性；用Emini方案预测蛋白质的表面可能性；用Jameson-Wolf方案预测氨基酸的抗原性指数。综合评判，预测SAPS病毒E蛋白的B细胞表位。结果：在SARS病毒E蛋白N-端的第1～6、13～19、39～43、47～64区段和第73～76区段有β-折叠中心；第6～12区段和第67～69区段可能形成转角或无规则卷曲，是柔性区域。E蛋白N端第2～13区段和第61～74区段为B细胞优势表位区域。结论：用多参数预测SARS病毒E蛋白的二级结构和B细胞表位，为实验方法探索SARS冠状病毒E蛋白的B细胞表位提供理论依据。     

鼠TRAM蛋白B细胞表位预测及其免疫原性检测

目的 预测TRAM蛋白的二级结构和B细胞表位,为抗鼠TRAM单克隆抗体制备奠定基础。方法以TRAM蛋白的氨基酸序列为基础,采用Goldkeu计算机分析软件以及网络nnpredict二级结构分析软件对TRAM蛋白二级结构及B细胞表位预测。合成针对该表位的多肽,以此多肽为免疫原免疫兔,对其免疫原性进行检测。结果用多参数预测TRAM蛋白的二级结构和B细胞表位,综合评判表明：TRAM分子的第216～229位氨基酸满足亲水性、可及性和可塑性,在二级结构上位于蛋白伸展结构或无规则卷曲结构内,最可能为其优势B细胞表位。此多肽能诱导机体产生较高的抗体滴度,多克隆抗体具有高的特异性。结论TRAM分子的第216～229位氨基酸为其优势B细胞表位,这为制作B细胞优势短肽单克隆抗体提供了理论依据。     

H5N1型高致病性禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白及神经氨酸酶的B细胞抗原表位预测

目的预测H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感病毒HA蛋白和NA蛋白的B细胞表位,为基于B细胞表位的预防性疫苗设计提供依据。方法基于HA蛋白和NA蛋白的蛋白质序列,采用Kyte-Doolittle的亲水性方案,Emini方案,Karplus方案和Jameson-wolf抗原指数方案,并辅以MAGE蛋白的二级结构柔性区域分析,预测HA蛋白和NA蛋白的B细胞表位。结果分别预测出了6条血凝素蛋白(Hemagglutinin,HA)以及6条神经氨酸酶(Neuraminidase,NA)B细胞优势表位。结论这些B细胞表位可为禽流感疫苗的研制提供实验依据。     

人偏肺病毒黏附蛋白的二级结构及B细胞表位初步预测

目的预测人偏肺病毒G蛋白的二级结构及B细胞表位。方法分别采用SOPMA方法及HMMTOP程序预测G蛋白的二级结构和跨膜区域；综合分析蛋白的柔性结构、亲水性、表面可及性与抗原性指数，预测G蛋白的抗原表位。结果G蛋白的二级结构主要为柔性区域，占62．1％；廿螺旋占22．37％；β-折叠占15．53％；N端第32～51位氨基酸残基为跨膜区。B细胞表位位于G蛋白N端55—77、80-104、111～126、130～167、178—210区段。结论应用多参数预测G蛋白的二级结构与B细胞表位，为进一步研究蛋白特征、单克隆抗体制备及表位疫苗研制奠定了基础。     

H1N1亚型流感病毒血凝素Th和B细胞表位预测及抗原性分析

目的:应用生物信息学方法预测H1N1亚型流感病毒血凝素Th和B细胞相关抗原表位,并初步分析其抗原性,为研制H1N1亚型流感病毒的表位疫苗奠定基础.方法:依据近年流感病毒流行趋势,从GenBank下载具有代表性的H1N1亚型流感病毒HA蛋白氨基酸序列.进行生物信息学综合分析预测,获得Th和B细胞相关抗原表位,并比较其保守性和特异性.通过Balb/c小鼠H1N1亚型流感病毒阳性血清与表位肽的结合试验,初步鉴定候选表位抗原性.结果:综合多项预测及空间构像模拟结果,我们获得了三条候选Th和B细胞表位,分别为HA_(73～87)、HA_(125～139)、HA_(188～205).候选表位处于H1N1亚型流感HAI蛋白序列上相对保守的区域内,且与目前流行的H1N1亚型流感病毒HA相应区域具有较好的一致性.而不同候选表位在BMB/e小鼠H1N1亚型流感病毒阳性血清反应中显示了不同抗体结合能力,预示了其成为功能表位的可能.结论:所筛选的表位具有成为H1N1亚型流感病毒HA Th和B细胞相关抗原表位的可能.此研究为深入揭示流感病毒感染与免疫机制,H1N1亚型流感功能表位认知及表位疫苗研究奠定了基础.     

人TLR4的B细胞优势表位设计、合成及其免疫原性检测

目的　鉴定TLR4的优势抗原表位 ,为抗人TLR4单克隆抗体制备奠定基础。方法　分别应用Hoop&Woods亲水性参数、抗原性参数、可及性参数和抗原表位的软件分析对TLR4B细胞表位进行预测 ,最后用抗原性指数的方法进行综合评述。合成针对该表位的多肽 ,以此多肽为免疫原免疫小鼠 ,对其免疫原性进行检测。结果　预测TLR4的B细胞优势表位为 189～ 2 0 2氨基酸序列 :NH2 HKLTLRNNFDSLNV COOH ,此多肽能诱导机体产生较高的抗体滴度 ,多抗具有较高的特异性。结论　预测的TLR4短肽是B细胞的优势表位 ,以此制作抗人TLR4单克隆抗体是可行的。     

Carcinoembryonic antigen like antigen in granular cell myoblastomas

Summary A series of granular cell myoblastomas (GCM) and other benign and malignant tumours of soft tissue were examined for cytoplasmic content of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by the two-layer conjugated immunoperoxidase technique. Using a commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum only granular cell myoblastomas showed positive cytoplasmic reaction. Pretreatment with periodic acid made this reaction less intense, but when the commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum was absorbed with tissue powder from normal human spleen the positive reaction was totally abolished. It is concluded that the positivity of GCM for CEA using commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum is due to the content of non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) and maybe other cross-reacting glycoproteins in this tumour, and not to CEA as claimed in a previous study.     

Comparison of Streptomyces albus muramidase-extracted streptococcal antigen with acid-extracted M antigen and with pepsin-extracted T antigen.

Purified Streptomyces albus lytic enzyme was used in an attempt to extract type-specific antigen from a type 1, group A streptococcus. The presumably type-specific antigen was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by chromatography on O-(carboxymethyl)-cellulose columns. Comparison of the enzyme-extracted substance with acid-extracted material showed it to be serologically different from M protein. In addition, the extract obtained by enzyme treatment was resistant to trypsin as well as to the lytic enzyme. It was inactivated partially by pepsin and totally by papain. Comparison of the enzyme extract with pepsin-extracted T antigen showed these two preparations to be serologically identical. Subtle differences in their susceptibility to heat and acid treatment were noted. Immunodiffusion analyses of acid-extracted M protein and pepsin-extracted T protein, as well as with the enzyme extract, clearly established that the M-protein preparation contained a component serologically identical with one of the precipitinogens common to the other two extracts.     

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype d-specific antigen contains the O antigen of lipopolysaccharide

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterium which is associated especially with aggressive forms of periodontitis. Contradictory results on the localization of the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype-specific antigen have been reported. The aim of the present study was to characterize the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d-specific antigen. The antigen was isolated by affinity chromatography. The affinity column was prepared from immunoglobulin G isolated from rabbit antiserum raised against A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d. The isolated antigen was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blotting, and silver staining, all of which revealed a ladder-like structure typical for the O antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In a displacement enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the isolated antigen displaced in a concentration-dependent manner the binding of the polyclonal rabbit antiserum raised against A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d to the competing whole-cell serotype d antigen. The isolated antigen contained LPS, and an equal concentration of LPS isolated from A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d gave a similar displacement curve in the ELISA. In order to test the immunogenic properties of the isolated antigen, it was used to immunize a rabbit. The antiserum raised against the isolated antigen displayed specificity in Western blotting and ELISA similar to that of antibody raised against LPS isolated from A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d. In conclusion, our results show that the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d-specific antigen contains the O-antigenic structure of LPS.     

Specificity of colon specific antigen and colon ovarian tumour antigen.

Sections (5 microns thick) from 101 primary adenocarcinomas (including ovarian, colorectal, gastric, breast, oesophageal, prostatic, pancreatic, endometrial and gall bladder) were incubated wtih anticolon specific antigen (CSA) and anticolon ovarian tumour antigen (COTA) antibodies using the peroxidase antiperoxidase technique with positive and negative controls. Anti-CSA positivity was seen in 19 of 20 colonic adenocarcinomas, but it was also seen in a large number of the other tumours. While anti-COTA staining was positive in 16 of 20 colonic adenocarcinomas and 20 of 30 ovarian adenocarcinomas, it was also positive in a large number of the tumours. Anti-CSA and anti-COTA are not adequately specific in the identification of a colonic or ovarian origin of an adenocarcinoma and cannot reliably be applied to the identification of a metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site.