药学专业职业发展与就业指导课程整体设计与课改实践

职业发展与就业指导是高职院校各专业的必修课程,长期以来该课程的授课方式比较单一,并未受到学生足够的重视.目前,越来越多的学生求职受阻,频繁跳槽,职业生涯缺乏合理的规划等.种种现象表明：高职院校需要对学生的职业规划和就业进行全程化、专业化、个性化指导.因此,如何突出职业发展与就业指导课程与药学专业相结合的特色,发挥其实际作用,是该课程整体设计和改革的焦点.我院药学专业学生的职业发展与就业指导课程主要由具有一定教学经验的专业课教师主讲,并邀请具有企业实践经验的专家客串教学,校企联合,实现“双主体”育人.     

中职护理专业开设职业生涯规划课程的效果评价

目的探讨中职护理专业开设职业生涯规划课程的教学实践效果。方法选取本较2009级护理专业16个班,在一年级上学期开设,并对前后教学效果进行比较。结果98％的学生认为护理专业进行职业生涯规划教育很有必要;94％的学生认为明确清晰的职业规划对自己未来的顺利发展很重要;89％的学生认为职业生涯教育对提升就业竞争力、增强自信心有帮助。结论中职护理专业开设职业生涯规划教育,可帮助学生树立正确的职业理想和择业观、创业观以及成才观,增强提高职业素质和职业能力的自觉性,做好适应社会、融入社会和就业、创业的准备。     

医学生专业思想教育研究文献计量学分析

专业思想教育是学校思想政治教育的重要组成部分,是教育管理者根据学生的学科特点借助现代教育方法和手段对广大学生开展专业认知、专业情感、专业态度、职业规划等教育的过程,它是学生学习积极性、价值取向、职业理想以及学校教育培养目标实现的有效手段[1]。医学生专业思想教育是医学院校根据医学的专业特点和学生的具体实际开展专业认知、职业引导和就业规划的重要教学活动。医学教育作为一种精英教育,有其特殊的学科特征,     

大学生的职业决策自我效能感培育研究——以上海健康医学院为例

通过对上海健康医学院的在校生进行问卷调查,研究大学生的职业决策自我效能感现状,探索影响其职业决策自我效能感的因素并探究培育途径.结果发现,大学生的自我认知、对客观环境的认知、求职信心、求职意志力、职业规划意识等方面都会影响职业决策自我效能感,结合这些影响因素,提出从学生自身、学校教育、家庭教育等方面来培育学生的职业自我...     

中医学专业长学制学生职业规划与创新创业现状分析

[目的]了解中医学专业长学制学生在本科与研究生阶段的职业规划、创新创业能力现状,并探讨改善现状的对策。[方法]采取整群抽样的方法,选择浙江中医药大学第一临床医学院中医学专业长学制(本硕连读)学生250名作为研究对象,采用自制问卷和深度访谈的方式,对中医学专业长学制学生的职业规划和创新创业能力进行调查研究,并探讨有效对策。[结果]共获得有效问卷247份,回收率为98.80%。问卷调查结果显示,自我认知方面:64.78%的学生清楚自己的性格、能力等方面的优劣势;职业认知方面:绝大部分学生基于兴趣选择了中医学专业;职业规划方面:40.16%的学生清楚自己未来3~5年的学习和工作计划;职业规划指导方面:72.07%的学生知晓学校已配备职业规划指导机构;创新创业教育方面:73%的学生支持医学生创新创业活动,63.56%的学生倾向于将创业项目与中医药文化融合,但经验缺乏、资金短缺和心理能力不足等是学生创新创业过程中遇到的主要障碍。分析发现,深化职业规划教育、加强从本科到研究生阶段的转段指导、完善课程设置、疏导学生心理压力是提升中医学专业长学制学生职业规划能力的有效手段;强化创新导向、健全师资团队、给予资金支持、构建孵化平台等对策能培养中医学专业长学制学生的创新创业思维,并融入其培养全过程。[结论]中医学专业长学制学生存在自我认知和职业认知不全面、缺乏长期有效的职业规划指导、创新创业经验不足和资金短缺等问题。学校和学院应从思想引领、课程设置、师资配备、资金支持等方面入手,提高中医学专业长学制学生的就业能力和创新意识,为社会培养更多的复合型人才。     

高校学生职业生涯规划的现状及对策研究——以甘肃交通职业技术学院为个案

职业规划是大学生提升核心竞争力和实现成功就业的重要途径。本研究立足于甘肃交通职业技术学院的现实,通过问卷调查、访谈等形式,对在校学生的职业规划现状进行调查和分析,并提出相应的对策和建议,为今后的高校学生职业规划教育工作提供相关的参考或借鉴。     

卫生高职护理专业学生职业生涯规划问卷调查及浅析——甘肃卫生职业学院

在我国大学生就业形势日趋严峻的今天,职业规划更是高职生顺利就业、成功就业并获得未来职业发展的重要策略。为探索近年来我院高职学生对未来职业规划状况,了解和督促学生及早对自己的职业生涯有一个良好的规划和目标,为他们将来更好的就业或寻找到更适合自己的职业打好基础,我们以甘肃卫生职业学院三年制护理专业大二学生为研究对象,围绕卫生高职护理学生职业规划现状的主题,开展问卷调查并进行浅析。     

医学生全程化就业指导体系的构建思考

针对当前医学生结构性就业困难以及医学院校就业指导缺乏系统和深入等问题,提出构建医学生全程化就业指导体系的必要性和分阶段、分年级规划的具体内容,并通过校、院两级就业指导中心和辅导员、《大学生职业发展与就业指导》课程建设、学生党群组织等实现全程化就业指导的有效实施。     

护生角色认同程度的调查与提升策略研究

提高医学院校护理专业的学生对护士角色的认同度,对稳定护理行业队伍,提高护理行业的服务质量都是非常有帮助的.为了实现这个目标,作为教育管理者除了要传授学生护理的专业知识外,还要在学习过程对学生进行全方位的专业思想教育,注重对教育实习基地的选择和建设,为护理专业的学生们开展有效的心理辅导和职业规划,培养他们对护理行业的深厚情感,增强他们为护理行业奉帮助他们树立正确的职业操守献青春的信念.     

加强医师职业精神培育要从学校开始

军队医学生具有军人和未来医务工作者的双重身份,遵守医疗行业职业准则,坚守医师职业精神是他们义不容辞的责任,加强医学生的职业精神教育,对于提升其责任感、明确未来职业规划具有重要意义.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.