电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗压力尿失禁的疗效观察

目的探讨观察电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗压力性尿失禁（SUI）的疗效。方法选取经尿动力学检查证实为SUI患者56例,其中男9例,女47例,平均（46±5）岁。采用盆底生物反馈治疗仪进行电刺激联合盆底肌训练,每次32min,每天1次,6周为1疗程。记录治疗前、后患者排尿日记和尿动力学测定,并随访2个月疗效。结果56例全部完成治疗。其中尿失禁症状完全消失10例（17％）,漏尿点压测定无漏尿发生7例（13％）。治疗后总排尿次数（8±2）次／24h、总漏尿事件次数（7±2）次／24h,显著低于治疗前的（15±4）次／24h、（12±3）次／24h（均P〈0．05）;最大排尿量、正常尿意膀胱压测定容量、最大膀胱压测定容量、漏尿点压和最大尿道闭合压分别为（256±47）L、（260±48）mL、（277±46）mL、（96±10）cmH2O和（62±7）cmH,显著高于治疗前的（143±35）mL、（135±37）mL、（162±33）mL、（79±12）cmH2O和（54±6）cmH2O,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。治疗结束时和2个月后有效率为91％和88％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论电刺激联合盆底肌训练是治疗SUI的一种有效方法。     

健脾益肾方、生物反馈联合盆底肌功能训练治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的效果观察

目的：观察健脾益肾方、生物反馈联合盆底肌功能训练治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的效果。方法：将126例老年女性压力性尿失禁患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各63例。对照组给予盆底肌功能训练,观察组在对照组的基础上给予健脾益肾方联合盆底生物反馈内外合治,对比两组的尿流动力学相关参数、1 h尿失禁、24 h尿失禁次数、国际尿失禁咨询问卷简表（ICI-Q-SF）评分、盆底肌电位值、尿失禁生活质量量表(I-QOL)评分,监测血清中转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、25羟维生素D(25-OHD)含量。结果：观察组患者的有效率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;与对照组比较,观察组治疗后的尿流动力学相关参数ALPP、MUCP、BC、QMax、PMU、VMCC均显著升高（P<0.05）;1 h尿失禁量显著减少,24 h尿失禁次数显著下降（P<0.05）;治疗4周、8周后,观察组患者的ICI-Q-SF评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗后的盆底肌电位值（65.32±7.19）μV显著高于对照组的（54.25±5.36）μV(P<0.05);治疗4周、8周后,观察组患者...     

盆底肌训练治疗女性轻中度压力性尿失禁临床疗效及生活质量影响的研究

目的探讨盆底肌训练(pelvic floor muscle training,PFMT)治疗女性轻中度压力性尿失禁的疗效,以及对生活质量的影响。方法选取2013年5月至2015年12月在本院确诊为轻中度压力性尿失禁的女性患者100例,在医生指导及监督下行盆底肌训练12周,治疗前后分别行国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷简表(international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-short form,ICI-Q-SF)问卷调查、1小时尿垫试验、尿失禁生活质量量表(incontinence quality of life measure,I-QOL)问卷调查。结果100例患者中有81例完成了研究,19例脱落。81例患者PFMT治疗结束后总有效率73.8%,轻度组有效率83.7%,中度组有效率62.2%。PFMT治疗前ICI-Q-SF评分(9.38±2.71)分,治疗后ICI-Q-SF评分(5.15±4.73)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。治疗前I-QOL评分(63.97±11.45)分,治疗后I-QOL评分(81.21±19.13)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论盆底肌训练对压力性尿失禁患者的症状、生活质量都有明显的改善,是轻中度压力性尿失禁患者的首选治疗方法。     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

目的 探讨电刺激联合全程指导盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动(IDO)的疗效.方法选取经尿动力学检查证实为SUI合并IDO女性患者70例.平均年龄(40±7)岁.采用神经肌肉电刺激治疗仪电刺激,每次60 min,每周3次.联合盆底肌训练,每次30 min,每天2次,疗程12周.记录治疗前后患者排尿日记,填写国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷简表(ICI-Q-SF)和尿动力学测定,并随访3个月疗效.结果 50例(71%)完成全程治疗.其中尿失禁症状完全消失8例(16%),IDO消失10例(20%),漏尿点压测定无漏尿发生6例(12%).治疗后总排尿次数、总漏尿事件次数、ICI-Q-SF评分、最大逼尿肌不随意收缩压和持续时间分别为(28±5)次/72 h、(10±5)次/72 h、(10±3)、(18±8)cm H2O和(8±3)s,显著低于治疗前的(43±8)次/72 h、(20±6)次/72 h、(17±3),(27±9)cm H2O和(13±6)s(P<0.01);最大排尿量、正常尿意膀胱压测定容量、最大膀胱压测定容量、漏尿点压和最大尿道闭合压分别为(225±48)、(210±48)、(247±48)ml、(94±11)和(59±8)cm H2O,显著高于治疗前的(159±37)、(141±39)、(178±36)ml、(81±15)和(55±8)cm H2O,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).治疗结束时和3个月后有效率为66%和60%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 电刺激联合盆底肌训练是一种治疗女性SUI合并IDO的有效方法.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

Pelvic floor exercises for female stress urinary incontinence

Urinary continence is maintained by passive and active forces at the bladder neck and along the urethra. Pelvic floor exercises can improve these forces, provided there is sufficient muscular awareness, nerve supply and intact muscles. Instructions in the exercises must include a test for correct muscle use. Biofeedback methods seem superior. Patients must attend intensive repeated instruction for 2–3 months and perform daily exercises at home. All patients can benefit from pelvic floor exercises, but to save money and time various scoring systems, including grade of incontinence, menopausal state and pelvic muscle strength can be applied. Patients with mild incontinence and a strong pelvic floor prior to exercises have the best prognosis. Long-term follow-up after exercises shows a cure rate of 50% for stress incontinence, but this depends on the continuation rate of exercise performance. A sustained effect demands continuous or repeated exercises and attempts to protect the pelvic floor.     

盆底肌锻炼在女性压力性尿失禁患者中的应用价值

目的：探讨盆底肌锻炼在女性压力性尿失禁患者中的应用价值。方法选择2011年3月-2013年3月我院接诊的80例女性压力性尿失禁患者进行研究。按照随机数字表法,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组采用常规的体操锻炼对患者进行治疗,观察组采用新式的盆底肌锻炼对患者进行治疗。观察记录两组患者治疗前后的肌力状况,治疗前后漏尿量及尿垫试验的结果,并采用治疗后的临床疗效评价标准对两组患者治疗临床疗效进行比较分析。结果两组患者治疗后肌力均明显增高（P＜0.01）,治疗后观察组肌力明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）;治疗后,观察组患者的肌力分度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（u=-2.4795,P=0.0132）。观察组患者的漏尿量明显少于对照组（P＜0.01）,治疗后3、6及12个月后,患者尿垫试验阳性率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗总有效率（97.5%）明显高于对照组（72.5%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（u=-2.9441,P=0.0032）。结论盆底肌锻炼在女性压力性尿失禁患者中的应用价值较高,值得临床推广应用。     

Pelvic floor muscle exercises in genuine urinary stress incontinence

Pelvic floor muscle exercises, in the treatment of genuine stress incontinence, have been used successfully since 1948. One may expect a significant improvement (warranting no further therapy), or cure rate of about 50%. These exercises have a long-lasting effect. Poorly motivated women should be discouraged to follow exercise sessions. An active co-operation between urogynecologist, physiotherapist and the patient is important in order to avoid undertreated and dissatisfied women. The option to be operated upon must be easily available.     

生物反馈电刺激治疗女性压力性尿失禁疗效评价（附30例报告）

目的 通过生物反馈电刺激治疗女性压力性尿失禁30例，探讨其疗效，寻找较好的保守治疗女性压力性尿失禁的方法。方法 选择30例Ⅰ～Ⅱ度女性压力性尿失禁的患者，使用生物反馈治疗仪进行生物反馈电刺激治疗，每次20min，隔日1次，10次为1个疗程，疗程结束后3个月开始观察疗效，随访6个月。结果 30例患者中治愈20例（67％），有效7例（23％），无效但未发展的3例（10％），有效率达90％。结论 生物反馈电刺激治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度女性压力性尿失禁是一种有效的、治愈率较高的保守治疗方法。     

A randomized controlled trial of pelvic floor muscle exercises to treat postnatal urinary incontinence

A randomized controlled trial was carried out to evaluate the extent to which a program of reinforced pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME) reduces urinary incontinence 1 year after delivery. Two hundred and thirty women who were incontinent 3 months postpartum were randomized to either a control group doing standard postnatal pelvic floor muscle exercises (n=117) or to an intervention group (n=113) who saw a physiotherapist for instruction at approximately 3, 4, 6 and 9 months postpartum. Results collected 12 months after delivery included prevalence and frequency of incontinence and PFME, sexual satisfaction, perineometry measurements and pad tests. Twenty-six (22%) of the control group and 59 (52%) of the intervention group withdrew before the final assessment. The prevalence of incontinence was significantly less in the intervention group than in the control group (50% versus 76%,P=0.0003), and this group also did significantly more PFME. There were no significant differences between the groups as regards sexual satisfaction, perineometry measurements or pad test results.     

Perceived self-efficacy as a predictor of outcome of pelvic muscle exercises in the treatment of urinary incontinence

Perceived self-efficacy (a person's confidence in her ability to perform a specific behavior in a specific situation) is a powerful mediator of health behavior changes in many areas. Despite the increasing attention paid to behavioral therapies for urinary incontinence, perceived self-efficacy has been largely overlooked. This preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and the treatment outcome of pelvic muscle exercises. Seventy-one women enrolled in a study assessing the outcome of a 3-month course of pelvic floor muscle exercises completing a self-efficacy questionnaire, which was administered at baseline and 3 weeks into treatment. Sixty-three of the women completed the questionnaire at 3 weeks. The primary outcome measure was number of incontinent episodes per day, as reported on a 3-day voiding diary. We defined improvement as 50% reduction in the number of incontinent episodes. There was a negative relationship between self-efficacy expectations at baseline and treatment outcome (r=–0.402). There was a trend toward a relationship between increases in self-efficacy between baseline and 3 weeks and improved treatment outcome (r=0.312,P<0.07). We examined behavioral factors which might affect exercise continuation, and found that both inaccessibility for telephone follow-up calls and incompletely recorded baseline voiding diary were associated with a higher dropout rate. Our preliminary results, then, are mixed, as we found no relationship between high initial self-efficacy and treatment outcome, but did find a possible association between increases in self-efficacy perception and treatment outcome. Self-efficacy may be another piece in the puzzle of how to improve outcome for non-surgical incontinence treatments, but it needs more evaluation. Our research suggests that healthcare providers should not be reticent to recommend a course of pelvic muscle exercises for those patients who express poor perceived self-efficacy at the outset of treatment. In addition, an incomplete or partially completed voiding diary should serve as a warning that a patient may be a suboptimal candidate for behavioral therapy.EDITORIAL COMMENT: This pilot study examines a new aspect of pelvic floor exercises in treating urinary incontinence, specifically how a patient's perception of ability to perform pelvic floor exercises influences the outcome of an exercise program designed to treat incontinence. Perceived self-efficacy has long been known to be an important issue in behavioral therapy for other conditions, such as smoking cessation, weight loss and pain control. Although this study lacks sufficient numbers to be statistically powerful, the results are interesting and hopefully will entice others to further investigate the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and behavioral treatment outcome.     

Biofeedback and physiotherapy versus physiotherapy alone in the treatment of genuine stress urinary incontinence

Biofeedback is a method of pelvic floor rehabilitation using a surface electrode inserted into the vagina and a catheter in the rectum. Forty women with genuine urinary stress incontinence were randomized to compare the efficacy of physiotherapy and physiotherapy in combination with biofeedback. The effect of the treatment was determined by a standardized pad-weighing test. Long-term status was determined using a questionnaire after 2–3 years. Thirty-four women completed the treatment. The study showed a statistically significant better improvement in the biofeedback group. The long-term effect in the biofeedback group seemed better and the patients were more motivated for training afterwards.     

Transvaginal electrical stimulation in the treatment of urinary incontinence

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of transvaginal electrical stimulation (TES) in treating urinary incontinence, and to assess the clinical improvement 6 months after ending the treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 36 women (24 patients and 12 controls) with stress, urge or mixed urinary incontinence were chosen to use TES or placebo (identical equipment but with no electrical current). The patients had their treatment at home twice a day (20-min sessions) for 12 weeks. They completed a voiding diary and had a urodynamic study at the beginning and end of treatment. They were clinically re-evaluated after 6 months. RESULTS: The mean time of use of TES was similar in both groups (approximately 40 h); the treatment group had a significant increase in maximum bladder capacity (P < 0.02), a significant reduction in the total number of voids (over 24 h; P < 0.02), in the number of episodes of voiding urgency (P < 0.001) and, importantly, in the number of episodes of urinary incontinence (P < 0.001). At the first evaluation, after ending the treatment, 88% of the patients had a significant reduction in symptoms or went into remission. At the 6-month re-evaluation, a third of the patients required another therapeutic approach. CONCLUSION: TES is a practical alternative with few side-effects, and is effective for treating the main forms of female urinary incontinence.     

Long-term follow-up results of pelvic floor rehabilitation in female stress urinary incontinence

During a 4-year experience 79 patients were followed for a mean period of 11 months after pelvic floor rehabilitation for stress urinary incontinence. During the first 4 months there was a gradual increase in the number of patients improved, with little further improvement thereafter.A total of 15 patients (19%) were cured and 28 (35%) showed marked improvement of their symptoms, which required no further therapy. Subjective improvement correlated well with the objective findings obtained with a pad test. Statistical analysis of our results failed to reveal specific factors which would improve patient selection.Although pelvic floor rehabilitation is a time-consuming procedure and surgery gives better immediate results, it is advisable initially to try pelvic floor rehabilitation for 4 months before submitting patients with stress incontinence to surgery.