Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through blood flowing in a channel

The numerical solutions of diffusion equations have been obtained for the cases of oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusing through blood flowing between two porous parallel planes. It is assumed that at the entrance to the channel the concentration profiles are uniform and the velocity profile is fully developed. The rheological characteristics of blood are described by the Casson equation. The computations have been made employing the explicit finite-difference forward-marching procedure. The results have been obtained for a wide range of yield numbers, inlet partial pressures, pH, membrane resistances and haemoglobin concentrations.     

DNA damage in mononuclear blood cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Alkaline electrophoresis of DNA in individual cells (the DNA comet method) showed that the mean DNA damage is increased in blood mononuclear cells and the proportion of cells containing damaged DNA is higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus than in healthy donors; the number of hypodiploid cells is increased, indicating intensified apoptosis. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 1, pp. 75–78, January, 1998     

Comparison of insulin-binding activity of blood cells in diabetes mellitus in pregnant women

Insulin-binding activity of blood cells in pregnant women is shown to vary considerably in health and in diabetes mellitus with different forms and stages of compensation. More stable changes were observed just in erythrocytes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 5, pp. 461–464, May, 1994 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Decrease of antitumor and suppressor activities of nonadherent bone marrow cells by culturing in medium conditioned with ehrlich adenocarcinoma cells

It was demonstrated that proliferation of bone marrow cells cultured in medium conditioned with tumor cells is somewhat increased. A much more potent stimulation of bone marrow cell proliferation is observed after the removal of cells carrying the erythroblast antigen. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. N ^o 5, pp. 514–517, May, 1994 Presented by N. V. Vasil'ev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

The past,present, and future of research on the regulation of nonlymphoid cell proliferation by lymphoid cells

Reviewed are data on the capacity of T lymphocytes to stimulate or inhibit nonlymphoid cell proliferation, on the correlation of this capacity with the activity of respective immunoregulatory cells (T helpers and suppressors), and on the possible cell-mediated and humoral mechanisms through which lymphocytes execute their morphogenic function. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 9, pp. 230–234, September, 1995 Presented by D. S. Sarkisov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of mouse antiserum against isologous aggregated immunoglobulins on accumulation of rosette-forming and antibody-forming cells in mice immunized with sheep's red blood cells

Data are given on the effect of mouse antiserum against isologous aggregated immunoglobulins (MAAS) on the kinetics of rosette-forming (RFC) and antibody-forming cells (AFC) in mice immunized with sheep's red blood cells (SRBC). The effect of MAAS in the experimentsin vivo was assessed by injecting this serum for 5 days into CBA mice, the first injecting being combined with injection of 5.10⁷ SRBC. Injection of MAAS into mice immunized with SRBC was shown to cause a marked decrease in the number of RFC in the spleen on the 5th and 9th days after immunization. MAAS has no appreciable effect at these same times on proliferation of AFC producing IgM hemagglutinins. Meanwhile MAAS intensified proliferation of IgG-AFC during the period when the number of these cells of the spleen in the immunized mice was maximal. After adsorption of MAAS with immune complexes formed by mouse IgG antibodies this serum was shown to lose much of its ability to block RFCin vivo. It is postulated on the basis of these results that the property of MAAS of influencing the accumulation of RFC and AFC producing IgG hemagglutinins is due to a factor which reacts with the immune complex formed by mouse IgG antibodies. This factor may perhaps be antibodies against aggregated immunoglobulins of this class.Laboratory of Immunochemistry, N. F. Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR P. A. Vershilova.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 557–560, May, 1978.     

Role of E-type prostaglandins in tumor cells during contact with NK cellsin vitro

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 2, pp. 193–194, February, 1993     

The role of peritoneal T lymphocytes and macrophages in the initiation of stress erythropoiesisin vivo following a single massive blood loss in mice

Peritoneal cells of anemic donors enriched with macrophages at the expense of T-cell lysis using anti-Thy-1.2 monoclonal antibodies are capable of triggering various routes of terminal erythroid differentiation characteristic of stress erythropoiesis during their adoptive transfer to normal syngeneic recipients. Stimulation of the proliferation of polychromatophilic erythroblasts and initiation of mitoses in oxyphilic erythroblasts are regulated by interacting T cells and macrophages, and the “reserve erythropoiesis” mainly by macrophages. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 287–290, September, 1994 Presented by E. a. Zotikov, Member of the Russian Academy of medical Sciences     

Regulatory activity of Kupffer cells in acute blood loss

The scavenger function of Kupffer cells and the erythropoietinlike, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating, and leukocyte- and lymphocyte-stimulating activities of extracts of Kupffer cells obtained before and at different times after acute massive blood loss were experimentally evaluated on mice. Extracts of Kupffer cells from normal mice are shown to exhibit all types of the studied activities. Acute blood loss reduces the scavenger function of Kupffer cells during the first few hours, especially erythropoietinlike activity. The activities return to normal levels 5 days after blood loss and, after a relatively stable period, they rise again to the end of the recovery period. This is accompanied by an increase in the number of phagocytizing cells and is evidently related to the renewal of their population. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 3, pp. 258–261, March, 1995 Presented by V. P. Kaznacheev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Recovery of colony-forming capacity of murine stem hemopoietic and blood cells under the effect of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine

The cytostatic 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine (cytarabine) in a dose of 200 mg/kg decreases blood count of nuclear cells in mice, to 60% and inhibits colony formation in the spleen for 8 days. The Resist repair system developed by us normalizes the total count within 3 days after cytarabine injection and repairs colony-forming activity of stem hemopoietic cells within 5 days, if Resist is injected after the, cytostatic, and within 8 days, if it is injected before cytarabine. Thus, Resist restores, immunity and hemopoiesis systems in cancer patients treated by radio- and chemotherapy. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 7, pp. 83–85, July, 1998     

Changes in Kupffer cells after reversible ischemia in rat liver

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.116, N ^o 11, pp. 548–550, November, 1993     

Effect of complex isoniazid on mononuclear cells in a tuberculous granuloma

Light and electron microscopy shows that the use of dextran matrix in a complex with isoniazid ensures its lysosomotropism, prolonged action, and the capacity to stimulate plastic processes and accelerate the differentiation of cells — monocyte derivatives — in epithelioid cells in tuberculous granulomas. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 5, pp. 559–561, May, 1996     

Role of Thy 1.2+ cells in hemopoietic regulation in cytostatic-induced hemosuppression

Effect of Thy 1.2⁺ cells (direct and mediated by stromal elements) on the growth of granulomonocyte and erythroid colonies in the bone marrow is studied on CBA mice with cytostatic disease induced by single injection of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil in maximum permissible doses. It is shown that Thy 1.2⁺ cells stimulate colony formation in regenerating bone marrow, the effect depending on functional activity of hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol 125, No. 5, pp. 509–513, May, 1998     

Role of mast cells in reparative processes in inflammation

Using the model of acute infectious peritonitis in rats, it is shown that inflammation induced in the absence of mast cells is characterized by marked inhibition of reparative processes. The most significant accumulation of functionally active fibroblasts and the development of granulations and young connective tissue in the mesentery occur 5–10 days after flogogen injection in the natural development of inflammation and after 10–20 days in the absence of mast cells. The data suggest that under natural conditions mast cells directly or indirectly stimulate reparative processes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 3, pp. 262–265, March, 1995 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effects of calcium ions on extracellular and intracellular processes of production of reactive oxygen species in blood phagocytic cells

Preincubation of phagocytes with ryosidine and EGTA increases the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species and decreases their extracellular production in cells activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Ryosidine and EGTA decreased intra-and extracellular production of reactive oxygen species in formyl peptide-stimulated leukocytes. The addition of the ionophore A23187 led to the appearance of reactive oxygen species in the extracellular, but not in the intracellular, medium. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 9, pp. 334–337, September, 1998     

Ability of peritoneal exudate cells to trigger various mechanisms of erythroid differentiation at different terms after massive blood loss in mice

Thirty minutes after massive blood loss, peritoneal cells gained the ability to trigger reparative erythropoiesis in the bone marrow of normal syngeneic recipients. This was manifested in proliferation of oxyphilic erythroblasts and activation of the reserve pathway of erythroid differentiation 4 days after cell transplantation. The maximum transfer capacity of peritoneal cells was observed 4 h after blood loss, but 4 days later they only initiated mitoses in oxyphilic erythroblasts. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 5, pp. 521–524, May, 2000