全膝关节置换术对膝骨关节炎患者本体感觉的影响

目的 探究膝骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis, KOA）患者进行全膝关节置换术前后本体感觉的变化。方法 选择34名KOA患者作为实验组,术后根据手术方式分为后交叉韧带保留型全膝关节置换术（CR-TKA）组和后稳固型全膝关节置换术（PS-TKA）组,并对患者进行3个月术后随访,同时纳入20名健康受试者作为对照组。采用Biodex System Ⅲ多关节等速测试系统、自行设计的施力装置、无线表面肌电测试系统采集健康受试者以及患者手术前后的本体感觉（位置觉、运动觉和力觉）数据,并对数据进行处理和分析。结果 与健康受试者相比,KOA患者患侧和对侧膝关节30°、45°和60°位置觉、运动觉、半腱肌力觉显著变差（P<0.05）;术后3个月,CR-TKA组患者患侧股二头肌力觉和对侧半腱肌力觉与健康受试者均存在显著差异（P<0.05）;对CR-TKA组和PS-TKA组患者患侧和对侧的位置觉、运动觉、力觉术后3个月与术前的差值做组间比较,均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论 KOA患者膝关节本体感觉较健康受试者明显减退。术后3个月,CR-TKA和PS-TKA两组患者本体感觉未见明显改善。不同手术方式对本体感觉的影响没有差异。研究结果可以为医生的临床诊疗提供一定数据支持,以及为后续的康复方案确定一个方向。     

膝骨关节炎患者本体感觉特征

目的 探讨行单髁膝关节置换术(unicondylar knee arthroplasty,UKA) 和全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)膝骨关节炎( knee osteoarthritis,KOA)患者术前膝关节本体感觉特征。方法 选取单间室KOA患者29名,15例接受 UKA 治疗（UKA组）,14例接受 TKA 治疗（TKA组）。术前1~3 d进行测试,对比UKA、TKA组KOA患者膝关节学会评分（knee society score, KSS）以及手术组与健康对照组的位置觉和运动觉特征。结果 UKA、TKA组之间KSS评分有显著差异,位置觉和运动觉无显著差异;UKA、TKA组患者术侧腿和未术侧腿之间位置觉和运动觉均无显著差异,对照组左、右腿位置觉和运动觉无显著差异;与对照组相比,UKA、TKA组在60°位置觉时术侧腿和未术侧腿均有显著差异,患者术侧腿和未术侧腿的运动觉也均有显著差异。结论 与健康对照组相比,KOA患者术前的膝关节本体感觉明显减退,但UKA、TKA组患者术前本体感觉特征相近。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Effects of Risedronate on Osteoarthritis of the Knee

The purpose of the present study was to discuss the effects of risedronate on osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee by reviewing the existing literature. The literature was searched with PubMed, with respect to prospective, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs), using the following search terms: risedronate, knee, and osteoarthritis. Two RCTs met the criteria. A RCT (n = 231) showed that risedronate treatment (15 mg/day) for 1 year improved symptoms. A larger RCT (n = 1,896) showed that risedronate treatment (5 mg/day, 15 mg/day, 35 mg/week, and 50 mg/week) for 2 years did not improve signs or symptoms, nor did it alter radiological progression. However, a subanalysis study (n = 477) revealed that patients with marked cartilage loss preserved the structural integrity of subchondral bone by risedronate treatment (15 mg/day and 50 mg/week). Another subanalysis study (n = 1,885) revealed that C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) decreased with risedronate treatment in a dose-dependent manner, and levels reached after 6 months were associated with radiological progression at 2 years. The results of these RCTs show that risedronate reduces the marker of cartilage degradation (CTX-II), which could contribute to attenuation of radiological progression of OA by preserving the structural integrity of subchondral bone. The review of the literature suggests that higher doses of risedronate (15 mg/day) strongly reduces the marker of cartilage degradation (CTX-II), which could contribute to attenuation of radiological progression of OA by preserving the structural integrity of subchondral bone.     

玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年10月~2017年10月我院收治的膝关节骨性关节炎患者90例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各45例。对照组患者采用复方倍他米松治疗,观察组在此基础上加用玻璃酸钠治疗。观察两组临床疗效及治疗前后炎性因子指标改变情况,比较两组治疗前后骨关节功能评分、VAS评分、膝关节HSS评分,记录两组患者不良反应情况。结果 治疗后,观察组总有效率为93.33%,高于对照组的82.22%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后,两组患者骨关节功能评分、VAS评分、膝关节HSS评分均有所改善,且观察组改善程度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后,两组患者IL-1β、IL-6水平均下降,IL-10水平均上升,且观察组患者变化程度更加明显,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组患者不良反应发生率为6.67%,高于对照组的17.78%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎临床疗效显著,可改善患者骨关节评分和疼痛情况,改善患者炎性因子指标,且不良反应较少。     

Hyaluronic Acid in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis

Background

Although accepted as a conservative treatment option for knee osteoarthritis, the debate about the effectiveness of intra-articular treatment with hyaluronic acid (HA) is still ongoing because of contrasting outcomes in different clinical studies. Several well designed clinical studies showed a significant improvement in pain at follow-up compared with baseline but no significant improvement comparing the efficacy of HA with placebo (saline) or with other conservative treatment options. Notwithstanding the effectiveness of different types of intra-articular HA products, the question of whether one HA product is better than another is still unanswered. In this systematic review we compare the effects of intra-articularly administered HA with intra-articularly administered placebo in general and, more specifically, the effects of individual HA products with placebo. We also compare the efficacy of different HA products.

Methods

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted using databases including MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Clinical Trial Register and EMBASE.

Results

Seventy-four RCTs were included in this systematic review. HA improves pain by approximately 40?C50% compared with baseline levels. However, when compared with saline the difference in efficacy is not that large. Due to a large ??placebo effect?? of saline (approximately 30% pain reduction, persisting for at least 3 months) we determined a weighted mean difference between the efficacy of HA and saline of just 10.20 using the visual analog scale for pain. It is debatable whether this difference reaches the minimum clinically important difference. Comparing the different HA products, which vary in the molecular weight, concentration, and volume of HA, we were not able to conclude that one brand has a better efficacy than another due to the heterogeneity of the studies and outcomes.

Discussion

In the future it will be important to determine the exact mechanism of action of placebo as this may give us an idea of how to treat osteoarthritis more efficiently. Due to the limitations of this review (follow-up of just 3 months and large heterogeneity of the included studies), it is also important to compare the different HA products to determine which product(s), or which molecular weight range, concentration, or volume of HA is the best option to treat osteoarthritis. Our recommendation is to start large (multicenter) RCTs to give us more evidence about the efficacy of the different HA products.     

Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Female Patients with Advanced Knee Osteoarthritis Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

This study sought to demonstrate bone mineral density (BMD) conditions in elderly female patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In addition, we sought to determine whether their BMD conditions differ from those of community-based females without knee OA. Finally we sought to determine whether clinical statuses are related to BMD in the knee OA patients. BMD conditions in 347 female patients undergoing TKA and 273 community-based females were evaluated. Additionally, comparative analyses of BMD between age and body mass index-matched knee OA groups (n=212) and the control groups (n=212) were performed. In the pre-matched knee OA group, regression analyses were performed to determine whether preoperative clinical statuses were related to BMD. Considerable prevalence of coexistent osteoporosis (31%) was found in the pre-matched knee OA patients undergoing TKA. We found no significant differences of the BMD T-scores and the prevalence of osteoporosis between the age and body mass index-matched knee OA and control groups. In the pre-matched knee OA patients, poorer preoperative clinical scores were related to poorer BMD T-scores in the proximal femur and/or lumbar spine. Our study suggests that more attention should be paid to identify and treat osteoporosis in elderly female patients with advanced knee OA undergoing TKA.

Graphical Abstract

相似文献   

沙浴治疗兔膝骨关节炎的实验研究

目的：研究沙浴对兔膝关节骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis OA)关节周围血流、膝关节滑膜及软骨的病理改变的影响，为中老年人膝骨关节炎的沙浴治疗提供依据。方法：青紫兰兔15只，成功建立OA动物模型13只，其中12只随机分成自由活动组(A)，自由活动加沙疗组(B)，健侧关节沙疗对照组(C)。在平均气温32℃情况下，将模型兔下半部分掩埋在干燥的40～50℃的海沙中，1次25～30min，1次／d。观察沙疗后即时的膝关节周围血流情况，以及经过沙疗10d和20d后膝关节滑膜及软骨的病理改变。结果：沙疗后患侧膝关节活动改善，膝关节周围血管内血流明显增加，膝关节滑膜细胞层次逐渐减少、炎症细胞明显减少，但软骨细胞退变改善在光学显微镜下不明显。结论：沙疗能增加治疗部位的血流，改善局部血液循环，促进炎症的消退，对正常关节无不利影响。     

消肿汤治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床疗效

目的 观察消肿汤治疗膝骨性关节炎临床疗效。方法 选择2018年5月~2019年5月在我院诊治的膝骨性关节炎患者76例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各38例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合消肿汤治疗,比较两组临床治疗总有效率、临床症状（疼痛、肿胀、僵硬）评分、膝关节功能评分、Lequesne总积分。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为94.73%,高于对照组的81.57%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后两组临床症状评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组患者膝关节功能评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后两组患者Lequesne总积分均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 消肿汤治疗膝骨性关节炎疗效确切,有助于缓解临床症状,促进膝关节功能的恢复,是临床治疗膝骨性关节炎的有效方法。     

Inhalation Therapy of Calcitonin Relieves Osteoarthritis of the Knee

This study was conducted to determine if nasal salmon calcitonin has additional beneficial effects on clinical symptoms, serum NO, IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 3, urinary C-terminal telopeptide type II collagen (CTX-II) levels and MRI findings in knee osteoarthritis (OA) when used concomitantly with exercise therapy. Fifty female patients with knee OA were randomized into two groups. The first group (n = 30) received 200 IU/day nasal salmon calcitonin and a home exercise program; the second group (n = 20) received a home exercise program for 6 months. Compared with baseline,while significant improvements were observed in visual analogue scale (VAS), WOMAC pain, physical function scores, 20-m walking time (P < 0.001) and WOMAC stiffness score (P = 0.041) in the first group, walking and resting VAS, and WOMAC physical function scores were improved (P = 0.029) in the second group after treatment. Significantly increased levels of serum NO and urinary CTX-II (P < 0.001) and significant improvements in the area of medial femoral condyle (P < 0.05) were noted only in the first group. There were significant differences in VAS activation values (P = 0.032) and NO levels (P < 0.001) in the favor of the first group. In conclusion, nasal salmon calcitonin may have possible chondroprotective effects besides its known effects on symptoms in patients with knee OA.     

膝骨性关节炎的关节镜微创手术治疗

目的 探讨膝骨性关节炎的关节镜微创手术治疗效果.方法 关节镜探查64例(68膝)膝骨性关节炎患者,通过关节镜微创手术进行镜下清理术治疗.结果 全部病例术后随访3～34个月,平均18.2个月.随访一年优良率81％;1～2年,优良率92％;2年以上者,优良率73％.结论 关节镜微创手术以其切口小,创伤小,疤痕少,康复快,并发症少等优点,为膝骨性关节炎提供了一种有效的治疗方法.     

Leukocyte Telomere Length in Patients with Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis

Relative mean telomere sequence amount was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) of peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) samples obtained at recruitment (n = 310) from individuals from the Osteoarthritis (OA) Initiative consortium. Knees were radiologically evaluated according to the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) score, ranging from 0 to 4, considering a KL grade ≥ 2 as radiographic evidence of OA (n = 124). Telomere size decreased as baseline KL score increased, being significantly shorter in subjects with KL ≥2 (Mann–Whitney U-test, P < 0.0001). PBL telomere size was also associated with age, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Nevertheless, logistic regression analysis showed that PBL telomere size was a consistent risk factor for concurrent knee OA, independent of these health parameters. Shorter PBL telomeres may indicate a premature aging status which enhances chondrocyte senescence and degenerative joint disease. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:298–301, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Total Knee Replacement After Arthroscopic Meniscectomy in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

BackgroundRecent studies raise concerns that arthroscopic meniscectomy (AM) for degenerative tear may be detrimental to the maintenance of the joint structure. This study was performed to examine the rate of total knee replacement (TKR) among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent AM for meniscal tears and compare this rate with those who did not.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Database of South Korea. Among knee OA patients aged 50–79, those who were treated with AM due to meniscal damage from 2007 to 2009 were selected as the AM group while those not treated with AM despite the presence of meniscal damage were selected as control group. Both were matched based on a propensity score and followed-up until the earliest occurrence of: TKR, death, or 10 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the outcome.ResultsA total of 36,974 patients were included in AM groups and non-AM group after 1:1 matching. TKR occurred in 9.62% and 7.64% in AM and non-AM groups with the average duration after meniscectomy of 5.88 ± 2.77 and 5.50 ± 2.94 years, respectively. After adjustment for baseline confounders, the TKR rate in the AM group was calculated to be 25% higher than that in the non-AM group (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–1.34). The mortality rate was 5.20%, which did not significantly differ between groups.ConclusionOA patients who underwent AM for the meniscal injury had higher incidence of TKR up to 10 years of follow-up than the non-operated group. The greater TKR utilization observed in patients undergoing AM merits caution when treating OA patients with meniscal injury.     

膝骨关节炎患者肌电标准化方法的信度研究

目的 评估标准等长收缩(standard isometric contraction, SIC)与最大随意等长收缩(maximum voluntary isometric contraction, MVIC)应用于膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis, KOA)患者肌电标准化的重测信度。方法 采用无线肌电测试系统收集KOA患者患侧腿在慢跑、SIC测试和MVIC测试时臀大肌、半腱肌、股直肌、股外侧肌、胫骨前肌、外侧腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的肌电数据。使用组内相关系数和95%置信区间评估重测信度。结果 KOA患者执行SIC测试时7块肌肉的重测信度均较好,执行MVIC测试时5块肌肉重测信度一般,2块肌肉重测信度较好,7块肌肉在SIC测试中的重测信度均高于MVIC测试;KOA患者慢跑时7块肌肉经SIC标准化后的重测信度均高于经MVIC标准化的重测信度,且股直肌经SIC标准化后的重测信度显著高于经MVIC标准化的重测信度。结论 对于KOA患者,SIC是一种比MVIC更为可靠的表面肌电标准化方案,具有较好的临床推广潜力。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的发病因素及治疗进展研究

膝关节骨性关节炎是一种老年性关节炎,会引起多种临床症状及并发症,对患者的生活带来严重的影响。本文通过对膝关节骨性关节炎的发病因素分析,从非药物治疗、药物治疗以及手术治疗分别讲述各自的特点,适用情况,为膝关节骨性关节炎的发病因素的临床治疗提供理论依据。     

骨性关节炎对膝关节软骨力学性质影响的实验研究

目的 研究正常国人新鲜尸体膝关节软骨和骨性关节炎膝关节软骨的生物力学性质,为临床提供生物力学参数。方法 取正常和病变的膝关节软骨在ShimadzuAUTOGRAPH电子万能试验机上进行一维拉伸实验。结果 得出了关节软骨最大载荷、伸长比、应力、应变等数据;用最小二乘法处理应力鄄应变数据,得出了其应力鄄应变关系表达式,拟合出了应力鄄应变曲线。结论 病变组各项力学性质指标均明显低于正常组。     

轻度与重度骨关节炎膝关节的生物力学行为比较

目的 对比研究轻度与重度膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis, KOA)膝关节的生物力学行为,阐述KOA进展的生物力学机制。方法 分别构建同一患者左侧轻度KOA(KL分级Ⅰ级)与右侧重度KOA(KL分级Ⅳ级)膝关节有限元模型。在材料属性、边界条件、载荷等设定相同的情况下进行有限元分析,比较轻度与重度KOA膝关节半月板、股骨软骨、胫骨软骨的接触面积、接触压及von Mises应力的变化特征。结果 重度KOA膝关节总接触面积和外侧室接触面积大于轻度KOA膝关节,而内侧间室接触面积小于轻度KOA膝关节。重度KOA膝关节半月板、股骨软骨和胫骨软骨上的接触压及von Mises应力峰值均大于轻度KOA膝关节;双膝关节外侧半月板上接触压及von Mises应力峰值均大于内侧半月板,双膝关节股骨软骨与胫骨软骨内侧间室接触压及von Mises应力峰值均大于外侧间室。结论 重度KOA膝关节应力分布不同于轻度KOA,接触面积、接触压和von Mises应力峰值的变化与半月板脱位、软骨缺损等因素相关,生物力学行为和解剖结构的改变促进了KOA进展。     

膝骨性关节炎运动质量评估系统设计

为膝骨性关节炎患者提供一种运动康复训练的监护系统,患者可以通过监护系统了解自身运动规范程度并作适当的调整.设计了一种基于ZigBee无线通信技术的人体下肢运动质量评估系统,以评估膝骨性关节炎运动理疗法的动作规范性.该系统将装有微型加速度传感器的ZigBee模块穿戴在人体的下肢,获取运动时的三维加速度信号,将加速度信号经过Haar小波变换后,采用粒子群算法提取小波特征值,将提取的特征向量应用神经网络分类器对动作质量进行识别评估.通过对20名年龄在24～30周岁的健康男性直腿抬高训练的动作质量评估测试,系统对规范抬腿、抬腿过高、保持时间太短和非平行抬腿这4类训练取真率的均值和标准差分别为(89.1±2.0)％、(93.4±1.7)％、(89.5±2.3)％、(90.1±1.8)％.实验结果表明,本系统能有效地识别训练过程中的不规范动作,较好地实现了对直腿抬高训练的运动质量监测与评估,满足健康监护系统的应用需求.